Micro-Transactions, Massive Headaches: International Regulation of Video Game Loot Boxes

Article published in the Michigan State International Law Review

Stealing Home: The Akron Baseball Documentary

My honors project focused around the elimination of the Akron baseball program in the summer of 2015. I produced, directed and edited this project. The potential audience for this project is anyone in Northeast Ohio with some knowledge on the University of Akron and their sports teams. I did most of the work on this project during the Spring semester of 2016, where I travelled to interview former players and others to comment on the cutting of the team and the future of the players, program and school. During the summer of 2016 I conducted research and reshot interviews and conducted additional interviews. In the fall, I continued interviews and edited a rough cut. In the spring of 2017 I completed the final draft for the honors project and have provided it in the form of a YouTube link

On political activism in digital games

This project investigates how players of digital games apply their own play with the intent to transmit political messages to other players. Acts of activism are collected from a sample of commercial multiplayer online games; three taxonomies are proposed of which one is used to present the findings, and popular patterns or structures of activism are identified. It is found that in-game activism often takes its cue from activism in everyday life, but that some original topics emerge, for example, the ownership of virtual worlds and practices of in-game political activism such as novel forms of rallies. Current political activism often appears to utilize generic and widely-shared game mechanics, rather than mechanics specific to individual games or genres. Games are therefore selected for their topics, availability, and costs, and popularity with the target audienceThis project investigates how players of digital games apply their own play with the intent to transmit political messages to other players. Acts of activism are collected from a sample of commercial multiplayer online games; three taxonomies are proposed of which one is used to present the findings, and popular patterns or structures of activism are identified. It is found that in-game activism often takes its cue from activism in everyday life, but that some original topics emerge, for example, the ownership of virtual worlds and practices of in-game political activism such as novel forms of rallies. Current political activism often appears to utilize generic and widely-shared game mechanics, rather than mechanics specific to individual games or genres. Games are therefore selected for their topics, availability, and costs, and popularity with the target audienc

How Cloud Droplet Number Concentration Impacts Liquid Water Path and Precipitation in Marine Stratocumulus Clouds—A Satellite-Based Analysis Using Explainable Machine Learning

Aerosol–cloud–precipitation interactions (ACI) are a known major cause of uncertainties in simulations of the future climate. An improved understanding of the in-cloud processes accompanying ACI could help in advancing their implementation in global climate models. This is especially the case for marine stratocumulus clouds, which constitute the most common cloud type globally. In this work, a dataset composed of satellite observations and reanalysis data is used in explainable machine learning models to analyze the relationship between the cloud droplet number concentration (_), cloud liquid water path (LWP), and the fraction of precipitating clouds (PF) in five distinct marine stratocumulus regions. This framework makes use of Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) values, allowing to isolate the impact of _ from other confounding factors, which proved to be very difficult in previous satellite-based studies. All regions display a decrease of PF and an increase in LWP with increasing _, despite marked inter-regional differences in the distribution of _. Polluted (high _) conditions are characterized by an increase of 12 gm$^{−2}$ in LWP and a decrease of 0.13 in PF on average when compared to pristine (low _) conditions. The negative _–PF relationship is stronger in high LWP conditions, while the positive _–LWP relationship is amplified in precipitating clouds. These findings indicate that precipitation suppression plays an important role in MSC adjusting to aerosol-driven perturbations in _