Comparative efficacy and tolerability of targeted and immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer: a Bayesian network meta-analysis

The use of target agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed the treatment landscape for AGC in the first-line setting. However, the crosswise comparison between each regimen is rare. Therefore, we estimated the efficacy and safety of targeted therapy or immunotherapy with chemotherapy in AGC patients as the first-line treatment. Included studies were divided into “average” or “specific positivity” group according to whether the patients were selected by a certain pathological expression. We conducted a Bayesian network meta-analysis for all regimens in both groups. In average group, no regimen showed significant improvements in overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS), while pembrolizumab and nivolumab combined with chemotherapy were ranked first and second respectively without an obvious safety difference. In specific positivity group, zolbetuximab plus chemotherapy significantly prolonged OS (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.36–0.79) and PFS (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25–0.81). The top three regimens were zolbetuximab-chemotherapy, trastuzumab plus pertuzuma-chemotherapy and nivolumab-chemotherapy respectively, with no significant safety risk. For average patients, immune checkpoint inhibitor PD-1 plus chemotherapy will be the promising regimen. For patients with overexpression of CLDN18.2, zolbetuximab combined with chemotherapy comes with greater survival benefits, while for patients who have PD-L1 expression with no HER-2 or CLDN18.2 positivity, additional immune checkpoint inhibitor of PD-1 will be a good considered option.</p

Decorated Traditional Zeolites with Subunits of Metal-Organic Frameworks for CH4/N-2 Separation

Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) materials are promising materials for gas separation, but their application still faces various challenges. A strategy is now reported for introducing subunits of MOFs into traditional zeolite frameworks to obtain applicable adsorbents with advantages of both zeolites and MOFs. The subunits of ZIFs were introduced into zeolite Y and zeolite ZSM-5 for CH4/N-2 separation. Both the molecular simulation and experimental results validated that the IAST CH4/N-2 selectivity of the resulting samples greatly improved (above 8, at 100 kPa and 25 degrees C) with the incorporation of ZIF subunits into zeolites structure, and the selectivities were obviously higher than that of zeolites and even better than that of ZIFs. This strategy not only gave rise to an efficient adsorbent for CH4/N-2 separation but also provided ideas for design of other adsorption and separation materials

Analysis of human leukocyte antigen associations in human papillomavirus–positive and –negative head and neck cancer : Comparison with cervical cancer

Background: Although the majority of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are cleared by the immune system, a small percentage of them progress to develop HPV-driven cancers. Cervical cancer studies highlight that HPV persistence and cancer risk are associated with genetic factors, especially at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes. This study was conducted to investigate such associations in head and neck cancer (HNC). Methods: In all, 192 patients with HNC and 384 controls were genotyped with the Infinium Global Screening Array (Illumina, Inc). HLA variants were imputed with SNP2HLA, and an association analysis was performed by logistic regression. Results: HPV-positive HNCs were significantly associated with single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at DRB1_32660090 (P = 1.728 × 10–6) and DRB1_32660116 (P = 1.728 × 10–6) and with the amino acid variant DRB1_11_32660115 (P = 1.728 × 10–6). None of these associations were observed in the HPV-negative cohort, and this suggested their specificity to convey risk for HPV-associated HNCs. In general, associations observed for HPV-negative HNC were relatively weak, and variants in the HLA-DPA1 region were the strongest among them (P = 4.531 × 10–4). Several lead signals reported by previous HNC genome-wide association studies, including SNPs rs3135001 (P =.012), rs1049055 (P =.012), and rs34518860 (P =.029) and allele HLA-DQB1*06 (P =.009), were replicated in the current study. However, these associations were limited to the HPV-positive HNC group. Several cervical cancer–associated HLA variants, including SNPs rs9272143 (P =.002) and rs9271858 (P =.002) and alleles HLA-B-1501 (P =.009) and HLA-B-15 (P =.015), were also exclusively associated with HPV-positive HNC. Conclusions: HPV-positive HNC risk is associated with distinct HLA variants, and some of them are shared by both cervical cancer and HPV-positive HNC. Human papillomavirus (HPV)–positive head and neck cancer (HNC) risk is associated with distinct human leukocyte antigen variants, and some of them are shared by both cervical cancer and HPV-positive HNC. Lay Summary: Cervical cancer studies highlight that human papillomavirus (HPV)–driven cancer risk is linked with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphism. Hence, the current study was designed to investigate the HLA associations in HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck cancer (HNC) and compare these associations with cervical cancer. Several lead signals reported by previous HNC and cervical genome-wide association studies were replicated in the current study. However, these associations were limited to the HPV-positive HNC group, and this suggests that HPV-positive HNC risk is associated with distinct HLA variants, and some of them are shared by both cervical cancer and HPV-positive HNC.</p

Additional file 1: of Risk factors of progressive IgA nephropathy which progress to end stage renal disease within ten years: a case–control study

Stepwise multivariate logistic analysis. Contains detailed results in every step of stepwise multivariate logistic analysis. (DOCX 73 kb