A SAM-based Solution for Hierarchical Panoptic Segmentation of Crops and Weeds Competition

Panoptic segmentation in agriculture is an advanced computer vision technique that provides a comprehensive understanding of field composition. It facilitates various tasks such as crop and weed segmentation, plant panoptic segmentation, and leaf instance segmentation, all aimed at addressing challenges in agriculture. Exploring the application of panoptic segmentation in agriculture, the 8th Workshop on Computer Vision in Plant Phenotyping and Agriculture (CVPPA) hosted the challenge of hierarchical panoptic segmentation of crops and weeds using the PhenoBench dataset. To tackle the tasks presented in this competition, we propose an approach that combines the effectiveness of the Segment AnyThing Model (SAM) for instance segmentation with prompt input from object detection models. Specifically, we integrated two notable approaches in object detection, namely DINO and YOLO-v8. Our best-performing model achieved a PQ+ score of 81.33 based on the evaluation metrics of the competition.Comment: Technical report of NYCU-WEED team for the challenge of hierarchical panoptic segmentation of crops and weeds using the PhenoBench dataset at the 8th Workshop on Computer Vision in Plant Phenotyping and Agriculture (CVPPA) - International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 202

Strong Logic for Weak Memory: Reasoning About Release-Acquire Consistency in Iris (Artifact)

This artifact provides the soundness proofs for the encodings in Iris the RSL and GPS logics, as well as the verification for all standard examples known to be verifiable in those logics. All of these proofs are formalized in Coq, which is the main content of this artifact. The formalization is provided in a virtual machine for the convenience of testing, but can also be built from source

Study of Melting Temperature of Metals: Pressure Dependence

The melting temperature of metals are studied using the statistical moment method, going the quasi-harmonic appromations. The melting temperature of metals are calculated as a function of the pressure. We discuss the pressure dependence of melting temperatures of Ce, Fe metals and compare the present results with those of the experimental results

ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA NỀN ĐÁY CÁT VÀ ĐÁ SỐNG LÊN CHẤT LƯỢNG MÔI TRƯỜNG BỂ NUÔI CÁ CẢNH BIỂN

Marine ornamental aquarium is more and more popular. Nowadays, biofiltration system can convert nitrogen from toxic forms (NH4+/NH3, NO2-) into a less toxic form (NO3-), which creates a better water quality for the development of ornamental fishes in aquarium tank. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of environmental quality by supplementation of sand and live rock in aquarium tank. There were two treatments with rock and sand supplement to the bottom of the tanks (NT1) and tanks without rock and sand added (NT2). There were 3 replicates for each treatment and the experiments were carried out in ten weeks. Results showed that sand and live rock could improve water quality and play as good place for fish and other creature hiding and reduce the water used. Water temperatures were 28.69oC (NT1) and 28.80oC (NT2), pH was about 8.13, salinity ranged from 34‰ to 35‰ in both treatments. NH4+was 0.035 ± 0.003 mgN/ml in the two treatments. After 2 weeks of putting fish in the experimental tanks NO2- values were 0.023 mgN/l (in treatment NT2) and 0.018 mgN/l (in treatment NT1). The average values of NO2- for whole experimental period in the NT1 and NT2 were 0.008 ± 0.001 mgN/l and 0.010 ± 0.002 mgN/l, respectively (P = 0.061). NO3- values were not significantly different between the two treatments (P 0.05). However, the ratio of NO2-/NO3- in NT1 was lower compared to this value in NT2 (NT1: 0.15 ± 0.03% and NT2: 0.39 ± 0.09%, P = 0.018). This paper provides an important reference to help aquarists to design and control their ornamental aquarium tank suitably.Hệ thống lọc sinh học là nơi sinh sống của các vi khuẩn ni trat hóa - các vi khuẩn có vai trò chuyển hóa ni tơ thải ra từ cá và vật nuôi ở dạng độc (NH4+/NH3) sang dạng ít độc hơn (NO3-). Các vi khuẩn này sống bám trên các giá thể như đá và cát. Thí nghiệm đánh giá hiệu quả cải thiện chất lượng môi trường của việc bổ sung nền đáy cát và đá vào bể nuôi cá cảnh biển. Thí nghiệm bao gồm 2 nghiệm thức. Nghiệm thức 1 (NT1): Bổ sung đá sống và cát vào bể nuôi và nghiệm thức 2 (NT2): Bể nuôi có đáy trần. Mỗi nghiệm thức có kết quả thí nghiệm cho thấy, bổ sung nền đáy cát và đá sống vào bể nuôi đã đem lại hiệu quả cải thiện rõ rệt các muối dinh dưỡng nitơ từ dạng có độc hại cho vật nuôi sang dạng ít độc hơn. Nhiệt độ 28,69oC (NT1) và 28,80oC (NT2), pH xấp xỉ 8,13 và độ mặn dao động 34–35‰ ở cả 2 nghiệm thức thí nghiệm. NH4+ở cả 2 nghiệm thức có giá trị trung bình 0,035 ± 0,003 mgN/ml. Sau 2 tuần thả cá, hàm lượng NO2- 0,023 mgN/l (NT2) và 0,018 mgN/l (NT1). NO2- trung bình ở NT1 và NT2 lần lượt là 0,008 ± 0,001 mgN/l và 0,010 ± 0,002 mgN/l (P = 0,061). Hàm lượng NO3- giữa 2 nghiệm thức không khác nhau có ý nghĩa thống kê (P 0,05). Tuy nhiên, tỷ lệ NO2-/NO3- ở NT1 nhỏ hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê so với NT2 (NT1: 0,15% ± 0,03% và NT2: 0,39% ± 0,09%, P = 0,018). Ngoài ra việc bổ sung nền đáy cát và đá sống tạo sinh cảnh và tạo nơi ẩn nấp cho cá. Đồng thời cũng giúp hạn chế thay nước và vệ sinh nền đáy của bể nuôi có đáy cát và đá sống. Kết quả nghiên cứu là cở sở khoa học quan trọng để bổ sung đá sống và cát trong bể nuôi cá cảnh tại Bảo tàng Hải dương học

Influence Of Fabrication Condition on the Microstructural and Optical Properties of Lead-Free Ferroelectric Bi0.5_{0.5}Na0.5_{0.5}TiO3_{3} Materials

Lead-free ferroelectric materials have attracted considerable attention due to the increasing potential application in environmental benign materials. Among lead-free ferroelectric materials, the Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) materials were more studied because it exhibited the good ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties which could be promising candidate materials replacing Pb(Zr,Ti)O3. In this work, the lead-free ferroelectric BNT materials were synthesized by sol-gel method. The effects of fabrication process to microstructural and optical properties were studied which includes Na precursor concentration and calcining temperature. The result indicated that the Na precursor concentration were higher 40 mol.% and the calcining temperature

Effect of deposition time on gold nanodendrite porous structure and on signals of Hg(II) in environment

The influences of deposition time (tdep) for Au nanodendrite preparation on carbon cloth electrodes on the surface structure, electrochemical behavior and voltammetric signal for Hg(II) detection have been studied. The obtained results showed that from 60 s to 300 s, the longer deposition time, the larger dendrite length as well as the more increased density of dendrite structure became. Calculated from data showed that the electroactive surface area approached to the maximum value of 3.686 cm2 with tdep = 300 s. The typical electrochemical behaviour of the prepared electrodes was mass transfer diffusion to the electrode surface and being considered as planar diffusion. Using DPASV technique, the peak height of Hg(II) could appoach to 52 µA with tdep = 60 s. Keywords. Gold nanodendrite, deposition time, surface structure, electrochemical properties, mercury

Dairy Value Chain In Vietnam: Evidences from Bavi Area

Dairy farming, in Vietnam, existed in the early twentieth century thanks to the favorable natural advantage. During many difficult periods, the Vietnam’s dairy industry has developed constantly and contributed significantly to the food needs ensuring. However, Vietnam’s dairy industry still could not satisfy the domestic milk demand. Retail milk prices in Vietnam are very high, whereas the price of milk sold by the dairy farmers is very low. The cause stems from the control of dairy companies in the quantity and quality of milk. Moreover, that control caused an imbalance in the profits and benefits of each actor in the dairy value chain. This study, hence, finds out the distribution of benefits, costs, value-added among the actors, and problems in the practical management in dairy milk value chain with specific focus on Bavi as the case study