1/Nc1/N_c Expansion for Excited Baryons

We derive consistency conditions which constrain the possible form of the strong couplings of the excited baryons to the pions. The consistency conditions follow from requiring the pion-excited baryon scattering amplitudes to satisfy the large-N_c Witten counting rules and are analogous to consistency conditions used by Dashen, Jenkins and Manohar and others for s-wave baryons. The consistency conditions are explicitly solved, giving the most general allowed form of the strong vertices for excited baryons in the large-N_c limit. We show that the solutions to the large-N_c consistency conditions coincide with the predictions of the nonrelativistic quark model for these states, extending the results previously obtained for the s-wave baryons. The 1/N_c corrections to these predictions are studied in the quark model with arbitrary number of colors N_c.Comment: 56 pages, REVTeX; one new Appendix added containing a discussion of the results in the language of quark operator

SDSS J0806+2006 and SDSS J1353+1138: Two New Gravitationally Lensed Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

We report the discoveries of two, two-image gravitationally lensed quasars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: SDSS J0806+2006 at z_s=1.540 and SDSS J1353+1138 at z_s=1.629 with image separations of 1.40" and 1.41" respectively. Spectroscopic and optical/near-infrared imaging follow-up observations show that the quasar images have identical redshifts and possess extended objects between the images that are likely to be lens galaxies at z_l~0.6 in SDSS J0806+2006 and z_l~0.3 in SDSS J1353+1138. The field of SDSS J0806+2006 contains several nearby galaxies that may significantly perturb the system, and SDSS J1353+1138 has an extra component near its Einstein ring that is probably a foreground star. Simple mass models with reasonable parameters reproduce the quasar positions and fluxes of both systems.Comment: 27 pages, 7 figures, The Astronomical Journal accepte

The redshift distribution of gravitational lenses revisited: Constraints on galaxy mass evolution

The redshifts of lens galaxies in known gravitational lens systems probe the volume distribution of lensing mass. Following earlier work by Kochanek, we re-derive the lens redshift probability distribution, allowing for mass and number density evolution of the lensing galaxies, and apply this test to a much enlarged sample of lens systems. From a literature survey of all known lenses, we have selected an unbiased sample of 15 lenses with complete redshift information. For a flat Universe and no lens evolution, we can only put an upper limit on the cosmological constant of Omega_lambda<0.89 at the 95% CL. Omega_lambda~0.7 and no evolution is consistent with the data. Allowing for evolution in an Omega_m=0.3, Omega_lambda=0.7 cosmology, we find that the best-fit evolution in sigma* (i.e., the characteristic velocity dispersion in a Schechter-like function) of early-type galaxies, in the redshift range z~0 to 1, is d[log sigma*(z)]/dz=-0.10+/-0.06. This is consistent with no evolution and implies that, at 95% CL, sigma* of early-type galaxies at z~1 was at least 63% of its current value. Alternatively, if there is no mass evolution, a present-day value of sigma*>175 km/s for elliptical galaxies is required (95% CL).Comment: 15 pages, MNRAS, in pres

California Real Estate Finance, Fifth Edition

Roger Bernhardt, Stephen Dyer, and their new co authors, Daniel Bogart and Dan Schechter have fully updated their casebook on California Real Estate Finance in this revised fifth edition. California Real Estate Finance not only takes account of important changes in state and federal substantive and statutory law, but goes further and addresses the controversial and important real estate issues so widely discussed today, including predatory lending and the collapse of the subprime mortgage market. California law governing real estate is comprehensive and complex, fiercely so in the area of finance. Many California students will practice in this area, and the California Bar Exam does include finance as a subject area. Conventional law school real estate transactions courses often devote only a small fraction of their time to the important peculiarities of California doctrines, such as the one action and antideficiency rules. This book fills a critical need for students attending California law schools who intend to practice here. In order to fully explain the field of finance, the book regularly juxtaposes the rules and results in California with those in other jurisdictions, preparing students to carry their knowledge and newly acquired skills to other jurisdictions as well.https://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/monographs/1022/thumbnail.jp

California Real Estate Finance, Fifth Edition

Roger Bernhardt, Stephen Dyer, and their new co authors, Daniel Bogart and Dan Schechter have fully updated their casebook on California Real Estate Finance in this revised fifth edition. California Real Estate Finance not only takes account of important changes in state and federal substantive and statutory law, but goes further and addresses the controversial and important real estate issues so widely discussed today, including predatory lending and the collapse of the subprime mortgage market. California law governing real estate is comprehensive and complex, fiercely so in the area of finance. Many California students will practice in this area, and the California Bar Exam does include finance as a subject area. Conventional law school real estate transactions courses often devote only a small fraction of their time to the important peculiarities of California doctrines, such as the one action and antideficiency rules. This book fills a critical need for students attending California law schools who intend to practice here. In order to fully explain the field of finance, the book regularly juxtaposes the rules and results in California with those in other jurisdictions, preparing students to carry their knowledge and newly acquired skills to other jurisdictions as well.https://digitalcommons.law.ggu.edu/monographs/1022/thumbnail.jp