668 research outputs found
A model of protocell based on the introduction of a semi-permeable membrane in a stochastic model of catalytic reaction networks
In this work we introduce some preliminary analyses on the role of a
semi-permeable membrane in the dynamics of a stochastic model of catalytic
reaction sets (CRSs) of molecules. The results of the simulations performed on
ensembles of randomly generated reaction schemes highlight remarkable
differences between this very simple protocell description model and the
classical case of the continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR). In particular, in
the CSTR case, distinct simulations with the same reaction scheme reach the
same dynamical equilibrium, whereas, in the protocell case, simulations with
identical reaction schemes can reach very different dynamical states, despite
starting from the same initial conditions.Comment: In Proceedings Wivace 2013, arXiv:1309.712
Simulation of a Power Regulation System for Steam Power Plants
Abstract Renewable energy sources, presently constituting about 23% of the total Italian power production, are featured by very discontinuous supply during the day that, to avoid grid malfunctions, must be compensated by fossil fuelled power plants. The latter must hence be able to rapidly control power supply. This paper proposes a power regulation system for coal power plants, consisting in the bypass of the low pressure pre-heaters in order to increase the steam flow-rate in turbine. The main advantage of this system is the limited thermo-mechanical stress induced in the pre-heaters. The solution effectiveness is investigated through a Matlab-Simulink model
A stochastic model of catalytic reaction networks in protocells
Protocells are supposed to have played a key role in the self-organizing
processes leading to the emergence of life. Existing models either (i) describe
protocell architecture and dynamics, given the existence of sets of
collectively self-replicating molecules for granted, or (ii) describe the
emergence of the aforementioned sets from an ensemble of random molecules in a
simple experimental setting (e.g. a closed system or a steady-state flow
reactor) that does not properly describe a protocell. In this paper we present
a model that goes beyond these limitations by describing the dynamics of sets
of replicating molecules within a lipid vesicle. We adopt the simplest possible
protocell architecture, by considering a semi-permeable membrane that selects
the molecular types that are allowed to enter or exit the protocell and by
assuming that the reactions take place in the aqueous phase in the internal
compartment. As a first approximation, we ignore the protocell growth and
division dynamics. The behavior of catalytic reaction networks is then
simulated by means of a stochastic model that accounts for the creation and the
extinction of species and reactions. While this is not yet an exhaustive
protocell model, it already provides clues regarding some processes that are
relevant for understanding the conditions that can enable a population of
protocells to undergo evolution and selection.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figure
The Weibull functional form for SEP event spectra
The evolution of the kinetic energy spectra of two Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events has been investigated through the Shannon's differential entropy during the different phases of the selected events, as proposed by [1]. Data from LET and HET instruments onboard the STEREO spacecraft were used to cover a wide energy range from ~ 4 MeV to 100 MeV, as well as EPAM and ERNE data, on board the ACE and SOHO spacecraft, respectively, in the range 1.6 ? 112 MeV. The spectral features were found to be consistent with the Weibull like shape, both during the main phase of the SEP events and over their whole duration. Comparison of results obtained for energetic particles accelerated at corotating interaction regions (CIRs) and transient-related interplanetary shocks are presented in the framework of shock acceleration
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