Ginger Essential Oil Ameliorates Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice

Purpose: To investigate the effect of ginger essential oil (GEO) in an experimental model of cisplatininduced nephrotoxicity.Methods: Male mice were divided into treatment six groups (n = 7), namely: Groups I (saline), II and III (cisplatin, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) euthanized in 3th and 6th days, respectively, and IV, V and IV (GEO, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively, by gavage 3, 4, 5 and 6 days after cisplatin injection). Creatinine levels and protein/creatinine ratio were determined in plasma and urine, respectively. Bone morphogenic protein (BMP-7) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels of kidney tissues were determined while mRNA expression levels were obtained using real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: GEO treatment reduced significantly creatinine levels to 0.53 ± 0.02; 0.48 ± 0.008 and 0.46 ± 0.02 at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, compared with control (0.70 ± 0.01) [p<0.05] but increased protein : creatinine ratio to 0.21 ± 0.01, 0.22 ± 0.01, 0.24 ± 0.02 compared with control (0.06 ± 0.008) [p<0.05]. Pro-inflammatory TNF-α mRNA expression was decreased to 1.46 ± 0.21, 1.39 ± 0.19 and 1.36 ± 0.09, at GEO doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, while anti-fibrotic BMP-7 mRNA expression increased to 2.05 ± 0.26 and 2.44 ± 0.42 at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, compared with control (0.59 ± 0.39, p < 0.05).Conclusion: GEO treatment attenuates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, in part, by modulating some inflammatory cytokines.Keywords: Zingiber officinale, Ginger, Roscoe, Essential oil, Nephrotoxicity, Cisplati

Noninertial effects on a Dirac neutral particle inducing an analogue of the Landau quantization in the cosmic string spacetime

We discuss the behaviour of external fields that interact with a Dirac neutral particle with a permanent electric dipole moment in order to achieve relativistic bound states solutions in a noninertial frame and in the presence of a topological defect spacetime. We show that the noninertial effects of the Fermi-Walker reference frame induce a radial magnetic field even in the absence of magnetic charges, which is influenced by the topology of the cosmic string spacetime. We then discuss the conditions that the induced fields must satisfy to yield the relativistic bound states corresponding to the Landau-He-McKellar-Wilkens quantization in the cosmic string spacetime. Finally we obtain the Dirac spinors for positive-energy solutions and the Gordon decomposition of the Dirac probability current.Comment: 15 pages, no figure, this paper will be published in volume 42 of the Brazilian Journal of Physic

Diabetes mellitus tipo 1: evidências da literatura para seu manejo adequado, na perspectiva de crianças

O estudo objetivou identificar as evidências disponíveis, na literatura, que abordem, na perspectiva de crianças, os fatores relevantes para o adequado manejo do diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa, nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, CUIDEN e PsycINFO, com as palavras-chave diabetes mellitus tipo 1, criança, prevenção e controle, fatores desencadeantes, emergências, autocuidado, aprendizagem e educação em saúde, no período de 1998 a 2008. Dos artigos levantados, selecionaram-se 19, e sua análise permitiu a identificação das categorias: vivendo com o diabetes; autocuidado e perfil glicêmico; atuação da família, amigos e profissionais de saúde; e escola. As evidências apontam que a criança aprecia o apoio recebido por seus familiares os quais têm relação direta com o preparo para o autocuidado. Outros membros externos à sua rede também são valorizados. A escola é um espaço que merece atenção, bem como a experiência particular de cada criança e a educação em saúde