15 research outputs found
Metabolism of modified mycotoxins studied through in vitro and in vivo models: An overview
Simultaneous determination of Deoxynivalenol, Deoxynivalenol-3-Glucoside and Nivalenol in wheat grains by HPLC-PDA with immunoaffinity column cleanup
Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (D3G) is a modified mycotoxin formed by the metabolism of plants through the conjugation of deoxynivalenol (DON) with glucose. Toxicology studies of D3G for human and animal health are still under investigation, and the development of practical and reliable methods for its direct determination, especially in cereal matrices, is of great importance. In the present study, a methodology for simultaneous determination of D3G, DON, and nivalenol (NIV) in wheat grains, using immunoaffinity column (IAC) cleanup, separation by C18 column and detection by ultraviolet (UV) absorption, was optimized and in-house validated. The results demonstrated adequate values of D3G recovery from IAC and spiked samples. Intraday precision, linearity, limit of detection and limit of quantification (LOQ) were also adequate for the determination of these mycotoxins. Range of applicability varied from 47.1 to 1000 g/kg for D3G and from 31.3 to 1000 g/kg for DON and NIV, with recovery ranging from 84.7Âą7.2 % to 112.3Âą8.1Felipe Trombete is grateful for a doctoral fellowship provided by the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES)
Masked Mycotoxins Are Efficiently Hydrolyzed by Human Colonic Microbiota Releasing Their Aglycones
Fusarium mycotoxins are secondary metabolites
produced by Fusarium spp. in cereals. Among them, deoxynivalenol
(DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) are widespread worldwide
contaminants of cereal commodities and are ranked as the most
important chronic dietary risk factors. Their conjugates, known as
masked mycotoxins, have been described but are still not
accounted for in risk assessment studies. This study demonstrates
for the first time that DON and ZEN are effectively deconjugated
by the human colonic microbiota, releasing their toxic aglycones
and generating yet unidentified catabolites. For this reason,
masked mycotoxins should be considered when evaluating
population exposure