Laboratory Investigation of Skid Resistance for Steel Slag Utilization as Chip Seal

Slag as waste material of steel-making process has similar characteristics with aggregate that has been widely used in pavement construction. The use of slag as chip seal aggregate to provide skid resistance needs to be analyzed. In this laboratory study, the chip seal samples are made using steel slag and natural aggregate. The bonding materials used are asphalt and epoxy resin. Skid resistance tests for all chip seal samples and also hot rolled sheet pavement without chip seal application are performed using the Portable British Pendulum Tester. The results show the variations of chip seal aggregate weight are inconsistent. The natural aggregate used as chip seal material could produce high skid resistance value of 10.3% higher than that using steel slag. Also the skid resistance of chip seal with the ALD 3 mm are not significantly different with that of ALD 6 mm. Similar results occur on the skid resistance of chip seals using epoxy resin and asphalt

Defective Tobamovirus Movement Protein Lacking Wild-Type Phosphorylation Sites Can Be Complemented by Substitutions Found in Revertants

We reported previously that the movement protein (MP) of tomato mosaic tobamovirus is phosphorylated, and we proposed that MP phosphorylation is important for viral pathogenesis. Experimental data indicated that phosphorylation enhances the stability of MP in vivo and enables the protein to assume the correct intracellular location to perform its function. A mutant virus designated 37A238A was constructed; this virus lacked two serine residues within the MP, which prevented its phosphorylation. In the present study, we inoculated plants with the 37A238A mutant, and as expected, it was unable to produce local lesions on the leaves. However, after an extended period, we found that lesions did occur, which were due to revertant viruses. Several revertants were isolated, and the genetic changes in their MPs were examined together with any changes in their in vivo characteristics. We found that reversion to virulence was associated first with increased MP stability in infected cells and second with a shift in MP intracellular localization over time. In one case, the revertant MP was not phosphorylated in vivo, but it was functional

Resultados tempranos y a medio plazo de la reparación quirúrgica endovascular y abierta del aneurisma del arco aórtico no disecado

OBJECTIVES: With the introduction of endovascular stent graft technology, a variety of surgical options are available for patients with aortic aneurysms. We sought to evaluate early-term and mid-term outcomes of patients undergoing endovascular and open surgical repair for non-dissected aortic arch aneurysm. METHODS: Overall, 200 patients underwent treatment for isolated non-dissected aortic arch aneurysm between January 2008 and February 2016: 133 patients had open surgery and 67, endovascular repair. Early-term and mid-term outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Seventy percent (n?=?47) needing endovascular repair underwent fenestrated stent graft and 30% (n?=?20) underwent the debranched technique. Patients in the open surgery group were younger (71 vs 75 years, P?<?0.001) and had a lower prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (11% vs 35%, P?<?0.001). Intensive care unit stay (1 vs 3 days, P?<?0.001), hospital stay (11 vs 17 days, P?<?0.001) and surgical time (208 vs 390?min, P?<?0.001) were lower in the endovascular repair group than in the open surgery group. There were 3 in-hospital deaths each in the open surgery and endovascular groups (2% vs 5%, respectively, P?=?0.40). Mid-term survival (P?<?0.001) and freedom from reintervention (P?=?0.009) were better in the open surgery than in the endovascular repair group. No aneurysm-related deaths were observed. The propensity-matched comparison (n?=?58) demonstrated that survival was better in the open surgery group (P?=?0.011); no significant difference was seen in the reintervention rate (P?=?0.28). CONCLUSIONS: Close follow-up for re-intervention may reduce the risk for aneurysm-related deaths and provide acceptable outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular repair

Resultados tempranos y a medio plazo de la reparación quirúrgica endovascular y abierta del aneurisma del arco aórtico no disecado

OBJECTIVES: With the introduction of endovascular stent graft technology, a variety of surgical options are available for patients with aortic aneurysms. We sought to evaluate early-term and mid-term outcomes of patients undergoing endovascular and open surgical repair for non-dissected aortic arch aneurysm. METHODS: Overall, 200 patients underwent treatment for isolated non-dissected aortic arch aneurysm between January 2008 and February 2016: 133 patients had open surgery and 67, endovascular repair. Early-term and mid-term outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Seventy percent (n?=?47) needing endovascular repair underwent fenestrated stent graft and 30% (n?=?20) underwent the debranched technique. Patients in the open surgery group were younger (71 vs 75 years, P?<?0.001) and had a lower prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (11% vs 35%, P?<?0.001). Intensive care unit stay (1 vs 3 days, P?<?0.001), hospital stay (11 vs 17 days, P?<?0.001) and surgical time (208 vs 390?min, P?<?0.001) were lower in the endovascular repair group than in the open surgery group. There were 3 in-hospital deaths each in the open surgery and endovascular groups (2% vs 5%, respectively, P?=?0.40). Mid-term survival (P?<?0.001) and freedom from reintervention (P?=?0.009) were better in the open surgery than in the endovascular repair group. No aneurysm-related deaths were observed. The propensity-matched comparison (n?=?58) demonstrated that survival was better in the open surgery group (P?=?0.011); no significant difference was seen in the reintervention rate (P?=?0.28). CONCLUSIONS: Close follow-up for re-intervention may reduce the risk for aneurysm-related deaths and provide acceptable outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular repair