Preservasi, Konservasi dan Renovasi Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta

“Great nation is a nation who\u27s always appreciates their own history,” that was a statement from Bung Karno. This paper is trying to lift a heritage district in Kota Tua Jakarta. A legacy that full of arts, cultures, stories, romance and tragedy that happened, and how the origin of the city formed. It\u27s very unfortunate if you see the condition right now. When all of the nations soo proud of their culture and history, everyone is competing to maintain and conserve their heritage and run the management very well. What happened with our heritage? Nowadays, Kota Tua district has been revitalized, but sadly, the process didn\u27t maintained well. So the results looks neglected and not in the good shape

Effects of IAA on the distribution of cellulose in pollen tubes cultured for 1 h (A, D, E) and 2 h (B, C, F–I)

Controls (A, B, D–G) and IAA-treated (C, H, I) tubes were labelled with calcofluor white. (A–D, F, H) Cellulose fluorescence images of pollen tubes. (E, G, I) Pseudocolour images of pollen tubes corresponding to (D), (F), and (H), respectively. The colour scale referred to cellulose fluorescence intensities. Bars = 95 μm (A), 146 μm (B), 182 μm (C), 39 μm (D, E), 53 μm (F–I).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "IAA stimulates pollen tube growth and mediates the modification of its wall composition and structure in "</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(9):2529-2543.</p><p>Published online Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2423660.</p><p></p

TEM images of control (A, C, E, G) and IAA-treated (B, D, F, H) pollen tubes after 2 h of culture of

(A) The clear zone of a control tube, showing the vesicle-rich zone. (B) The clear zone of a treated tube, showing a dramatic increase in secretory vesicles (SVs) and appearance of organelles, e.g. mitochondria (M) in this zone. (C) The organelle zone of a control tube, showing some organelles, such as mitochondria, trophoplasts (T), and lipid bodies (L). (D) The organelle zone of a treated tube, showing more SVs and mitochondria. (E) The nuclear zone of a control tube, showing the spindly tube nucleus (N). (F) The nuclear zone of a treated tube, showing the spindly tube nucleus and abundant vacuoles (V). (G) Subapical region of a control tube filled with long strip-shaped and small round-shaped vacuoles. (H) Subapical region of a treated tube occupied by big vacuoles. Bars = 1.6 μm (A, G), 2 μm (B, F), 1 μm (C, D), 1.8 μm (E), 1.3 μm (H).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "IAA stimulates pollen tube growth and mediates the modification of its wall composition and structure in "</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(9):2529-2543.</p><p>Published online Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2423660.</p><p></p

Effects of IAA on pollen tube shape and immunofluorescent labelling of PM H-ATPase in

(A) A control pollen tube cultured for 2 h, showing the kinked, coiled shape. The arrows indicate the rough surface of the tube. (B) The forepart of an IAA-treated pollen tube cultured for 2 h, showing a smooth, straight shape. (C) The immunosignal of PM H-ATPase in a plasmolized pollen tube, showing fluorescence associated with the plasma membrane, not the cell wall (arrow). The arrowhead indicates the fluorescence associated with the unshed membranes at the apex. (D) Corresponding bright field image of (C). (E, G) Immunofluorescent images of PM H-ATPase in control (E) and IAA-treated (G) tubes. (I) Immunofluorescent images of PM H-ATPase in the middle part of an IAA-treated tube, showing PM H-ATPase accumulates at the tube apex. (F, H, J) Pixel values along the central longitudinal axes of the tubes in (E), (G), and (I), respectively. Bars = 18 μm (A), 13 μm (B), 8 μm (C, D), 6 μm (E, G, I).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "IAA stimulates pollen tube growth and mediates the modification of its wall composition and structure in "</p><p></p><p>Journal of Experimental Botany 2008;59(9):2529-2543.</p><p>Published online Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2423660.</p><p></p

Revealing Carbon Nanodots As Coreactants of the Anodic Electrochemiluminescence of Ru(bpy)₃²⁺

Recently, research on carbon nanodots (C-dots), a new type of luminescent nanoparticles with superior optical properties, biocompatibility, and low cost, has been focused on exploring novel properties and structure-related mechanisms to extend their scope. Herein, electrochemiluminescence, a surface-sensitive tool, is used to probe the unrevealed property of carbon nanodots which is characterized by surface oxygen-containing groups. Together with chemiluminescence, carbon nanodots as the coreactants for the anodic electrochemiluminescence of Ru­(bpy)₃²⁺ are demonstrated for the first time. During the anodic scan, the benzylic alcohol units on the C-dots surface are oxidized “homogeneously” by electrogenerated-Ru­(bpy)₃³⁺ to form reductive radical intermediate, which further reduce Ru­(bpy)₃³⁺ into Ru­(bpy)₃²⁺* that produces a strong ECL emission. This work has provided an insight into the ECL mechanism of the C-dots-involved system, which will be beneficial for in-depth understanding of some peculiar phenomena of C-dots, such as photocatalytic activity and redox properties. Moreover, because of the features of C-dots, the ECL system of Ru­(bpy)₃²⁺/C-dots is more promising in the bioanalysis

Digital Single Virus Electrochemical Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for Ultrasensitive H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus Counting

Electrochemistry has been widely used to explore fundamental properties of single molecules due to its fast response and high specificity. However, the lack of efficient signal amplification strategies and quantitative method limit its clinical application. Here, we proposed a digital single virus electrochemical enzyme-linked immunoassay (digital ELISA) for H7N9 avian influenza virus (H7N9 AIV) counting by integration of digital analysis, bifunctional fluorescence magnetic nanospheres (bi-FMNs) with monolayer gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) modified microelectrode array (MA). Bi-FMNs are fabricated by coimmobilizing polyclonal antibody (pAb) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). At most, one target will be captured per bi-FMNs by controlling the proportion of bi-FMNs to target concentrations (≥5:1). The introduction of digital analysis can solve signal fluctuation and the reliability of single virus detection, enabling the digital ELISA to be sensitively and accurately applied for H7N9 AIV detection with a low detection limit of 7.8 fg/mL, which is greatly promising in single biomolecular detection, early diagnosis of disease, and practical application

Ag₂Se Quantum Dots with Tunable Emission in the Second Near-Infrared Window

Quantum dots (QDs) with fluorescence in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1400 nm) are ideal fluorophores for in vivo imaging of deep tissue with high signal-to-noise ratios. Ag₂Se (bulk band gap 0.15 eV) is a promising candidate for preparing NIR-II QDs. By using 1-octanethiol as ligand to effectively balance the nucleation and growth, tuning the fluorescence of Ag₂Se QDs was successfully realized in the NIR-II window ranged from 1080 to 1330 nm. The prepared Ag₂Se QDs can be conveniently transferred to the aqueous phase by ligand exchange, showing great potential for multicolor NIR-II fluorescence imaging in vivo

Folate-Engineered Microvesicles for Enhanced Target and Synergistic Therapy toward Breast Cancer

As an ideal nanovector candidate, microvesicles (MVs) have been gradually utilized for packaging kinds of functional molecules for effective tumor diagnosis and therapy; however, the deficiency of their tumor targeting influenced their therapy efficacy. Through a facile phospholipid substitution strategy, MVs-based drug delivery system (DDS) was apparently endowed with high tumor targeting toward breast cancer thanks to the modified folate onto the membrane of MVs, simultaneously possessing a synergistic antitumor effect, and in vivo tumor imaging attributed to the SA-QDs labeling. Tumor killing effect could be improved up to 15 percentages with the help of the improved tumor targeting ability

Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of C‑Reaction Protein Based on Immunofluorescent Nanospheres Coupled with Lateral Flow Test Strip

Sensitive and quantitative detection of protein biomarkers with a point-of-care (POC) assay is significant for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases. In this paper, a quantitative lateral flow assay with high sensitivity for protein biomarkers was established by utilizing fluorescent nanospheres (FNs) as reporters. Each fluorescent nanosphere (FN) contains 332 ± 8 CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs), leading to its superstrong luminescence, 380-fold higher than that of one QD. Then a detection limit of 27.8 pM C-reaction protein (CRP) could be achieved with an immunofluorescent nanosphere (IFN)-based lateral flow test strip. The assay was 257-fold more sensitive than that with a conventional Au-based lateral flow test strip for CRP detection. Besides, the fluorescence intensity of FNs and bioactivity of IFNs were stable during 6 months of storage. Hence, the assay owns good reproducibility (intra-assay variability of 5.3% and interassay variability of 6.6%). Furthermore, other cancer biomarkers (PSA, CEA, AFP) showed negative results by this method, validating the excellent specificity of the method. Then the assay was successfully applied to quantitatively detect CRP in peripheral blood plasma samples from lung cancer and breast cancer patients, and healthy people, facilitating the diagnosis of lung cancer. It holds a good prospect of POC protein biomarker detection

Determination of the Absolute Number Concentration of Nanoparticles and the Active Affinity Sites on Their Surfaces

Number concentration of nanoparticles is a critical and challenging parameter to be identified. Recently, gravimetric strategy is a fundamental method for absolute quantification, which is widely accepted and used by researchers, yet limited by the inaccuracy in measuring related parameters (e.g, density). Hence, we introduced isopycnic gradient centrifugation to determine the nanopartices’ density and improved the current gravimetric method for more accuracy. In this work, polymer nanospheres were used as a model to validate this method. Through isopycnic gradient centrifugation, nanospheres finally reached the zone of equal density as them. By measuring the density of the medium solution in this zone, the nanospheres’ density was identified. Then, the density was multiplied by the volume of a single nanosphere characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the average weight of a single nanosphere was obtained. Using total weight of the nanospheres divided by the unit weight, their number concentration was quantified. Directly using the real density of the nanoparticles achieved more accurate quantification than the current gravimetric method which used the density of the bulk material counterparts for calculation. Besides, compared with the viscosity/light scattering method and the high-sensitivity flow cytometry (HSFCM) method (another two kinds of typical methods respectively based on light measurements and single particle counting), the improved gravimetric method showed better reproducibility and more convenience. Further, we modified the nanospheres with streptavidin (SA) and antibody, and through biorecognition interaction, we determined the amount of the active affinity sites on each biofunctional nanosphere. Moreover, their bioactivity in different storage conditions was monitored, which showed good stability even in PBS at 4 °C over one year. Our work provided a promising method for more accurately determining the absolute number concentration of nanoparticles and the active affinity sites on their surfaces, which would greatly facilitate their downstream applications