Bullying Victimization and Its Impact on Delinquency: The Case of Asian American Adolescent

Despite a great deal of research on Asian American students that mainly highlight the eccentric academic performance, previous research has not deeply shed light on the obstacles that Asian American students face in their life path. One of them that those previous studies pay less attention to is bullying victimization many Asian American students experience due to their racial and ethnic status in the U.S. Using the data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) targeting Asian American students aged between 12 and 18, this research aims to examine (1) how serious it is for Asian American adolescents to commit delinquent activities due to bullying victimization and (2) how much impact each social institution makes on young Asian Americans’ potential criminal activities after being victimized by bullying. The results suggest that bullying experience makes its victims having a higher risk of engaging in criminal activities. Especially, physical bullying makes a considerable impact on the future delinquent behavior of Asian American adolescents that leads to commit various crimes ranged from serious violent crime to nonserious misdemeanor crime. In addition, certain institutional conditions also increase the risk of criminal offense committed after being victimized by bullying, such as a consistent interaction with delinquent peers but decrease the chance of engaging in criminal activities despite having bullying victimization, such as a tight parental supervision

Juvenile Gang Delinquency and Its Origin: Multifaceted Approach

Many Social factors are frequently used to explain juvenile delinquency and the emergence and persistence of juvenile gangs. Sociological theories, such as social control, containment, differential association, anomie, and labeling reflect different levels of predictive utility relative to delinquent conduct and are invoked to account for juvenile offending behavior. A survey of literature discloses that it is necessary to employ various sociological factors simultaneously to gain a better understanding of the cause of juvenile gang delinquency.  Based on the findings of this research with the meticulous statistical analysis, thus, it is suggested that using a strategy from several theoretical explanations simultaneously to account for delinquent conduct and gang formation has greater predictive utility as opposed to using single-theoretical explanations

A transnational religious institution and its role on the construction of collective agency : a case of Korean military brides in a Korean immigrant religious institution

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on October 25, 2012).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Dissertation advisor: Dr. Mary Jo NeitzIncludes bibliographical references.Vita.Ph. D. University of Missouri--Columbia 2011."May 2011"[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Literature on contemporary immigrants suggest that increasing volume of transnational practices foster agency construction across borders, thereby disjoining geographical space and social space in which identities are constructed and negotiated. Unlike the majority of previous studies, this study examines the agency dynamics among less mobile immigrants who develop their agency by creating and negotiating boundaries through the practices of identity management in the wave of transnationalism that occurs in an immigrant church. Based on focus group interview with fifteen Korean military brides, participant observation, and survey with the congregation of a Mid-Western Korean immigrant church, the study reveals that through a new social space, Korean military brides not only created more exclusive, closed, and homogeneous community within a Korean community, but their community becomes broader with comprehensive "imagined communities." This study also indicates that their efforts to create an own boundary comes with the change in their identity management from "commuter" to "integrator" in which their identities become more flexible and multi-layered, and it suggests that this effort is the part their gradual adaptation as well as resistance to assimilation to the wave of transnationalism

Improving Surface Roughness of Additively Manufactured Parts Using a Photopolymerization Model and Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization

Although additive manufacturing (AM) offers great potential to revolutionize modern manufacturing, its layer-by-layer process results in a staircase-like rough surface profile of the printed part, which degrades dimensional accuracy and often leads to a significant reduction in mechanical performance. In this paper, we present a systematic approach to improve the surface profile of AM parts using a computational model and a multi-objective optimization technique. A photopolymerization model for a micro 3D printing process, projection micro-stereolithography (PμSL), is implemented by using a commercial finite element solver (COMSOL Multiphysics software). First, the effect of various process parameters on the surface roughness of the printed part is analyzed using Taguchi’s method. Second, a metaheuristic optimization algorithm, called multi-objective particle swarm optimization, is employed to suggest the optimal PμSL process parameters (photo-initiator and photo-absorber concentrations, layer thickness, and curing time) that minimize two objectives; printing time and surface roughness. The result shows that the proposed optimization framework increases 18% of surface quality of the angled strut even at the fastest printing speed, and also reduces 50% of printing time while keeping the surface quality equal for the vertical strut, compared to the samples produced with non-optimized parameters. The systematic approach developed in this study significantly increase the efficiency of optimizing the printing parameters compared to the heuristic approach. It also helps to achieve 3D printed parts with high surface quality in various printing angles while minimizing printing time

Self-Limiting Electrospray Deposition for the Surface Modification of Additively Manufactured Parts

Electrospray deposition (ESD) is a spray coating process that utilizes a high voltage to atomize a flowing solution into charged microdroplets. These self-repulsive droplets evaporate as they travel to a target substrate, depositing the solution solids. Our previous research investigated the conditions necessary to minimize charge dissipation and deposit a thickness-limited film that grows in area over time through self-limiting electrospray deposition (SLED). Such sprays possess the ability to conformally coat complex three-dimensional objects without changing the location of the spray needle or orientation of the object. This makes them ideally suited for the post-processing of materials fabricated through additive manufacturing (AM), opening a paradigm of independent bulk and surface functionality. Having demonstrated three-dimensional coating with film thickness in the range of 1-50 µm on a variety of conductive objects, in this study we employed model substrates to quantitatively study the technique’s limits with regard to geometry and scale. Specifically, we examined the effectiveness of thickness-limited ESD for coating recessed features with gaps ranging from 50 µm to 1 cm, as well as the ability to coat surfaces hidden from the line-of-sight of the spray needle. This was then extended to the coating of hydrogel structures printed by AM, demonstrating that coating could be conducted even into the body of the structures as a means to create hydrophobic surfaces without affecting the absorption-driven humidity response

Self-Healing and Thermal Responsive DNA Bioplastics for On-Demand Degradable Medical Devices

Recently, there has been a growing demand for the development of biomass-based plastic materials as a solution to address the pressing issue of accumulated plastic waste. Alongside biodegradable plastics derived from petroleum and organisms, DNA-based materials have emerged as potential substitutes for nonbiodegradable plastics. Here, we introduce DNA Bioplastics that are synthesized through a one-pot process involving DNA and a cross-linker. These DNA Bioplastics exhibit key characteristics that closely resemble conventional plastic materials, including thermal-responsive volumetric transition, thermoplasticity, and solidification, leveraging the inherent properties of DNA. By manipulating the cross-linking density of DNA Bioplastic during the reaction, we have successfully demonstrated the ability to achieve a wide range of desirable physical properties. The versatility of DNA as a renewable source and the eco-friendly disposal options for DNA Bioplastics open up new avenues for the disposable bioplastic materials, including disposable medical devices

Self-Healing and Thermal Responsive DNA Bioplastics for On-Demand Degradable Medical Devices

Recently, there has been a growing demand for the development of biomass-based plastic materials as a solution to address the pressing issue of accumulated plastic waste. Alongside biodegradable plastics derived from petroleum and organisms, DNA-based materials have emerged as potential substitutes for nonbiodegradable plastics. Here, we introduce DNA Bioplastics that are synthesized through a one-pot process involving DNA and a cross-linker. These DNA Bioplastics exhibit key characteristics that closely resemble conventional plastic materials, including thermal-responsive volumetric transition, thermoplasticity, and solidification, leveraging the inherent properties of DNA. By manipulating the cross-linking density of DNA Bioplastic during the reaction, we have successfully demonstrated the ability to achieve a wide range of desirable physical properties. The versatility of DNA as a renewable source and the eco-friendly disposal options for DNA Bioplastics open up new avenues for the disposable bioplastic materials, including disposable medical devices

Self-Healing and Thermal Responsive DNA Bioplastics for On-Demand Degradable Medical Devices

Recently, there has been a growing demand for the development of biomass-based plastic materials as a solution to address the pressing issue of accumulated plastic waste. Alongside biodegradable plastics derived from petroleum and organisms, DNA-based materials have emerged as potential substitutes for nonbiodegradable plastics. Here, we introduce DNA Bioplastics that are synthesized through a one-pot process involving DNA and a cross-linker. These DNA Bioplastics exhibit key characteristics that closely resemble conventional plastic materials, including thermal-responsive volumetric transition, thermoplasticity, and solidification, leveraging the inherent properties of DNA. By manipulating the cross-linking density of DNA Bioplastic during the reaction, we have successfully demonstrated the ability to achieve a wide range of desirable physical properties. The versatility of DNA as a renewable source and the eco-friendly disposal options for DNA Bioplastics open up new avenues for the disposable bioplastic materials, including disposable medical devices