Rabi oscillations of solitons in spin-chains: a new route to quantum computation and communication

We provide the first evidence for coherence and Rabi oscillations of spin-solitons pinned by the local breaking of translational symmetry in isotropic Heisenberg chains (simple antiferromagnetic-N\'{e}el or spin-Peierls).We show that these correlated spin systems made of hundreds of coupled spin bear an overall spin S=1/2 and can be manipulated as a single spin. This is clearly contrary to all known spin-qubits which are paramagnetic centres, highly diluted to prevent decoherence. These results offer an alternative approach for spin-qubits paving the way for the implementation of a new type of quantum computer

Quantum Coherence of Strongly Correlated Defects in Spin Chains

AbstractMost of qubit systems known to date are isolated paramagnetic centres in magnetically diluted samples since their dilution allows to considerably weaken the dipole-dipole inter-qubit interaction and thus to prevent the decoherence. Here we suggest an alternative approach for spin qubits which are built on spin S = 1/2 defects in magnetically concentrated strongly correlated systems - spin chains. The corresponding qubits are made of spin solitons resulting from local breaking of transitional symmetry associated with point-defects. We provide the first evidence for coherence and Rabi oscillations of spin solitons in isotropic Heisenberg chains, simple antiferromagnetic-Ńeel or spin-Peierls, proving that they can be manipulated as single spin S = 1/2. The entanglement of these many-body soliton states over macroscopic distances along chains gives rise to networks of coupled qubits which could easily be decoupled at will in extensions of this work

Ferromagnetic resonance and magnetic damping in C-doped Mn5Ge3

International audience2 X-band ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was used to investigate static and dynamic magnetic properties of Mn5Ge3 and Carbon-doped Mn5Ge3 (C0.1 and C0.2) thin films grown on Ge(111). The temperature dependence of magnetic anisotropy shows an increased perpendicular magneto-crystalline contribution at low temperature with an in-plane easy axis due to the large shape contribution. We find that our samples show as small as 40Oe FMR linewidth (corresponding Gilbert damping α=0.005), for the out-of-plane direction, certifying of their very good structural quality. The perpendicular linewidth shows a minimum around 200K for all samples, which seems not correlated to the C-doping. The magnetic relaxation parameters have been determined and indicate as main extrinsic contribution the two-magnon scattering. A transition from six-fold to twofold plus fourth-fold in-plane anisotropy is observed in the FMR linewidth of Mn5Ge3C0.2 around 200K

Very low-temperature epitaxial growth of Mn5Ge3 and Mn5Ge3C0.2 films on Ge(111) using molecular beam epitaxy

International audienceC-doped Mn5Ge3 compound is ferromagnetic at temperature up to 430 K. Hence it is a potential spin injector into group-IV semiconductors. Segregation and diffusion of Mn at the Mn5Ge3 /Ge interface could severely hinder the efficiency of the spin injection. To avoid these two phenomena we investigate the growth of Mn5Ge3 and C-doped Mn5Ge3 films on Ge(111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy at room-temperature. The reactive deposition epitaxy method is used to deposit these films. Reflection high energy electron diffraction, X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy indicate that the crystalline quality is very high. Magnetic characterizations by superconducting quantum interference device and ferromagnetic resonance reinforce the structural analysis results on the thin films quality

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance study of organic compounds (TMTTF)₂X (X=AsF₆, PF₆ and SbF₆)

Ce travail de thèse porte sur l'étude par la résonance paramagnétique électronique (RPE) des sels à transfert de charge quasi-unidimensionnels (TMTTF)₂X (X=AsF₆, PF₆, SbF₆), matériaux modèles de chaînes de spins quantiques. Tout d'abord, nous avons examiné en onde continue et sur une large gamme de température et de fréquence, la phase d'ordre de charge déjà observée dans ces matériaux en dessous de la température TCO. Nous avons mis en évidence deux nouveaux phénomènes à T≺TCO: la rotation des axes principaux du facteur g et une modification structurale liée à un dédoublement de la maille cristallographique. Un calcul de chimie quantique a été réalisé à l'aide de la méthode DFT confirmant nos résultats expérimentaux. Dans la seconde partie de ces travaux de thèse, nous avons présenté les résultats obtenus par RPE en onde continue et en onde pulsée sur l'étude des défauts corrélés dans les systèmes à chaînes de spins. En onde continue, nous avons détecté pour la première fois une raie RPE fine à basse température, suggérant la présence de défauts corrélés ayant les caractéristiques de solitons. Les mesures par RPE pulsée nous ont permis d'observer les premières oscillations de Rabi de solitons piégés et de déterminer leur caractère robuste. Ces derniers résultats offrent une approche alternative aux qubits à base de spins pour le traitement de l’information quantique.This thesis focuses on the study by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) of the quasi-one-dimensional charge transfer salts (TMTTF)₂X (X=AsF₆, PF₆, SbF₆), model materials of quantum spin chains. First, we have examined in continuous wave and on a wide range of temperature and frequency, the charge-ordered phase already observed in these materials below the temperature TCO. We have identified two new phenomena at T≺TCO: the rotation of the principal axes of the g factor and a structural change related to a doubling of the unit cell parameter. A quantum chemical calculation was carried out using DFT confirming our experimental results. In the second part of the thesis, we have presented the results obtained by EPR in continuous wave and pulsed wave on the correlated defects study in spin chain systems. In continuous wave, we have detected for the first time a narrow EPR line at low temperature, suggesting the presence of correlated defects having the characteristics of solitons. The pulsed EPR measurements allowed us to observe the first Rabi oscillations of trapped solitons and to determine their robust character. These latter results offer an alternative approach for spin qubits in quantum information processing

ETUDE PAR RESONANCE PARAMAGNETIQUE ELECTRONIQUE DES COMPOSES ORGANIQUES (TMTTF)2X (X=AsF6, PF6 ET SbF6)

This thesis focuses on the study by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) of the quasi-one-dimensional charge transfer salts (TMTTF)2X (X=AsF6, PF6, SbF6), model materials of quantum spin chains. First, we have examined in continuous wave and on a wide range of temperature and frequency, the charge-ordered phase already observed in these materials below the temperature TCO. We have identified two new phenomena at T <TCO: the rotation of the principal axes of the g factor and a structural change related to a doubling of the unit cell parameter. A quantum chemical calculation was carried out using DFT confirming our experimental results. In the second part of the thesis, we have presented the results obtained by EPR in continuous wave and pulsed wave on the correlated defects study in spin chain systems. In continuous wave, we have detected for the first time a narrow EPR line at low temperature, suggesting the presence of correlated defects having the characteristics of solitons. The pulsed EPR measurements allowed us to observe the first Rabi oscillations of trapped solitons and to determine their robust character. These latter results offer an alternative approach for spin qubits in quantum information processing.Ce travail de thèse porte sur l’étude par la Résonance Paramagnétique Electronique (RPE) des sels à transfert de charge quasi-unidimensionnels (TMTTF)2X (X=AsF6, PF6, SbF6), matériaux modèles de chaînes de spins quantiques. Tout d’abord, nous avons examiné en onde continue et sur une large gamme de température et de fréquence, la phase d’ordre de charge déjà observée dans ces matériaux en dessous de la température TCO. Nous avons mis en évidence deux nouveaux phénomènes à T < TCO : la rotation des axes principaux du facteur g et une modification structurale liée à un dédoublement de la maille cris- tallographique. Un calcul de chimie quantique a été réalisé à l’aide de la méthode DFT confirmant nos résultats expérimentaux. Dans la seconde partie de ces travaux de thèse, nous avons présenté les résultats obtenus par RPE en onde continue et en onde pulsée sur l’étude des défauts corrélés dans les systèmes à chaînes de spins. En onde continue, nous avons détecté pour la première fois une raie RPE fine à basse température, suggérant la présence de défauts corrélés ayant les caractéristiques de solitons. Les mesures par RPE pulsée nous ont permis d’observer les premières oscillations de Rabi de solitons piégés et de déterminer leur caractère robuste. Ces derniers résultats offrent une approche alterna- tive aux qubits à base de spins pour le traitement de l’information quantique

Intérêt de la technique du western blot dans le diagnostic biologique de la toxocarose oculaire

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Réponses fonctionnelles des communautés de pelouses calcicoles aux facteurs agro-écologiques dans les Préalpes

National audienceThe identification of functional groups in calcareous grasslands of southern Vercors (Rhône-Alpes, France) is investigated through relationships between biological traits of the species and agro-ecological factors. Community patterns are determined buy : - the level of edaphic stress (oligotrophy and xericity), and - the regime and the intensity of agropastoral management (grazing and mechanical cutting). In such grasslands submitted to regular disturbance, life traits related to dispersal and regeneration processes have greater importance for the differentiation of species than morphological traits, and Grime's adaptative strategies are the best predictors of species ordination on agro-ecological gradients (e.g., stress and disturbance). A classification of species in functional groups based on the same life traits and similar responses to disturbances is proposed, and its role in defining adequate conservation management of calcareous grassland by low-intensity livestock farming is discussed. The fuctional role of grazing is emphasized by the relationship between species dominance or rarity and their levels of consumption and dispersion bu sheeps. In calcareous grassland communities, dominant species are the most palatable and the most dispersed by sheeps, while rarer species depend on other dispersal modes, such as seed rain or mowing machirery.L'identification de groupes fonctionnels dans les pelouses calcicoles du Vercors méridional (Rhône-Alpes, France) est recherchée à travers la mise en relation des traits biologiques des espèces et des facteurs agro-écologiques. Les communautés de pelouses calcicoles sont organisées selon : - le niveau de stress édaphique (oligotrophie et xéricité), et - le mode et l'intensité de gestion agropastorale (pâturage et entretien mécanique). Dans ces pelouses soumises à des perturbations régulières, les traits de vie liés à la dissémination et à la régénération sont plus discriminants que les traits morphologiques, et les stratégies adaptatives de Grime sont les meilleurs prédicteurs de l'ordinations des espèces sur les gradients de stress et de perturbation. Une classification des espèces en groupes fonctionnels sur la base de traits biologiques identiques et de réponses similaires aux perturbation est proposée dans une perspective de gestion conservatoire des pelouses calcicoles par le pastoralisme. Le rôle fonctionnel du pâturage est souligné par la relation existant entre la rareté ou la dominance d'une espèce et son niveau d'appétence et de dispersion par les ovins. Dans les communautés de pelouses calcicoles, les espèces dominantes sont les plus appétentes et les mieux dispersées par les ovins, tandis que les plus rares dépendent d'autres modes de dispersion, comme la pluie de graines ou les machines agricoles

A national retrospective survey of anisakidosis in France (2010-2014): decreasing incidence, female predominance, and emerging allergic potential

A retrospective survey was carried out over the years 2010–2014 among all Parasitology laboratories of University hospitals in France (ANOFEL network). The objective was to estimate the incidence of anisakidosis in France as new culinary habits such as the consumption of raw fish (sushi) or undercooked fish are increasing. A total of 37 cases of anisakidosis were notified by all French laboratories: 7 proven cases with evidence of a worm, 12 possible cases with abdominal pain after consumption of raw fish with detection of anti-Anisakis precipitins, and 18 allergic cases defined as acute manifestations after consumption of fish, associated with specific IgE for Anisakis. The median age of affected individuals was 42 years (11-69) and there was a significant predominance of women (67%). Compared with previous surveys in France, this study indicates a decrease in clinical cases of anisakidosis and illustrates the emerging allergic potential of anisakids

A national retrospective survey of anisakidosis in France (2010-2014): decreasing incidence, female predominance, and emerging allergic potential

A retrospective survey was carried out over the years 2010–2014 among all Parasitology laboratories of University hospitals in France (ANOFEL network). The objective was to estimate the incidence of anisakidosis in France as new culinary habits such as the consumption of raw fish (sushi) or undercooked fish are increasing. A total of 37 cases of anisakidosis were notified by all French laboratories: 7 proven cases with evidence of a worm, 12 possible cases with abdominal pain after consumption of raw fish with detection of anti-Anisakis precipitins, and 18 allergic cases defined as acute manifestations after consumption of fish, associated with specific IgE for Anisakis. The median age of affected individuals was 42 years (11-69) and there was a significant predominance of women (67%). Compared with previous surveys in France, this study indicates a decrease in clinical cases of anisakidosis and illustrates the emerging allergic potential of anisakids