37 research outputs found
A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)
Meeting abstrac
Ethical Considerations in Psychology Research
Research in psychology covers two main fields: furthering the understanding of the whole, complex gamut of processes that are involved in everyday human experience and behavior and developing methods for treating mental health problems. While the ethics of research and practice in this latter field falls largely within the general ambit of medical ethics, psychology research outside this domain involves some quite specific ethics issues in addition to those common across social sciences. Professional bodies of psychologists have developed specific codes and guidance for the ethical conduct of research, offering best practice guidance. There are several enduring ethics concerns for psychology researchers that are covered in this chapter. These include the validity of consent, how to ethically manage withholding information from participants, or deceiving them, where this is a necessary part of the research design. Also, with the growth in Internet-based research, genomics, and neuroimaging, psychologists have had to develop new ways of maintaining standards and compliance with ethical principles of the discipline. New approaches have required development to manage issues of consent, especially with children and young people
ConcordĂąncia entre informaçÔes do CartĂŁo da Gestante e da memĂłria materna sobre assistĂȘncia prĂ©-natal Agreement between information from the Pregnant Card and the mother's memory of antenatal care
Este estudo seccional objetivou verificar a concordĂąncia entre as informaçÔes prestadas por puĂ©rperas e as registradas nos cartĂ”es das gestantes sobre assistĂȘncia prĂ©-natal no Sistema Ănico de SaĂșde da RegiĂŁo Metropolitana da Grande VitĂłria, EspĂrito Santo, Brasil. Considerou-se uma população de estudo de 1.035 puĂ©rperas, entrevistadas em oito maternidades, onde os cartĂ”es foram copiados. A representatividade da amostra foi garantida pela estratificação segundo a proporção de nascidos vivos. InformaçÔes foram coletadas, processadas e submetidas aos testes de kappa e McNemar. Os nĂveis de concordĂąncia sobre assistĂȘncia prĂ©-natal foram predominantemente ruins (kappa < 0,20). PuĂ©rperas tendem a superestimar a quantidade de consultas prĂ©-natais (McNemar = 51,73; valor de p = 0,001), afirmar doenças gestacionais, como diabetes, anemia, hipertensĂŁo e infecçÔes urinĂĄrias, relatar a execução de exames laboratoriais e clĂnicos. Os resultados sugerem uma reflexĂŁo sobre dados utilizados para o planejamento de polĂticas em saĂșde pĂșblica materno-infantil, visto que hĂĄ variação conforme a fonte de informação.<br>This cross-sectional study aimed to verify agreement between information given by mothers after delivery and data recorded on Pregnant Cards about antenatal care under the Brazilian Unified National Health System in the Metropolitan Region of VitĂłria, EspĂrito Santo State, Brazil. The study considered a population of 1,035 postpartum mothers interviewed in eight hospitals, where the cards were copied. The representativeness of the sample was guaranteedby stratification according to the proportion of births. Kappa and McNemar tests were carried out with the collected and processed information. Agreement levels regarding antenatal care were predominantly poor (kappa < 0.20). Mothers tend to: overestimate the number of antenatal visits (McNemar = 51.73; p-value = 0.001); affirm diseases during pregnancy, such as diabetes, anemia, hypertension and urinary infections; report the performance of laboratory tests; report the carrying out of clinical examinations. Results suggest the need to reflect on the type of data used for planning and implementing maternal and child public health polices, since data varies depending on the information source
Utilização da pressĂŁo positiva contĂnua nas vias aĂ©reas (CPAP) durante atividade fĂsica em esteira ergomĂ©trica em portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crĂŽnica (DPOC): comparação com o uso de oxigĂȘnio Use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) during physical activities on an ergometric treadmill performed by individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): comparison with the use of oxygen
Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos da pressĂŁo positiva contĂnua nas vias aĂ©reas (CPAP) sobre os parĂąmetros espiromĂ©tricos, capacidade vital forçada (CVF) e volume expiratĂłrio forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1), freqĂŒĂȘncia respiratĂłria (f), saturação de O2 (SaO2), freqĂŒĂȘncia cardĂaca (fc), pressĂŁo arterial sistĂłlica (PAS) e diastĂłlica (PAD). Materiais e mĂ©todos: Nove indivĂduos do sexo masculino, portadores de DPOC, foram submetidos a atividade fĂsica em esteira ergomĂ©trica utilizando-se a CPAP com FiO2 a 30% e em ar comprimido, sendo verificada a CVF e o VEF1 ao repouso e apĂłs o tĂ©rmino da atividade fĂsica e a f, a SaO2, a fc, a PAS e PAD ao repouso e durante a atividade fĂsica. Resultados: Com a aplicação da CPAP com FiO2 a 30% e em ar comprimido as mĂ©dias da CVF foram significativamente maiores (2,13 ± 0,38 x 2,27 ± 0,52 e 1,90 ± 0,51 x 2,10 ± 0,46, respectivamente), o VEF1 aumentou (0,60 ± 0,21 x 0,90 ± 0,33) ao aplicar a CPAP em ar comprimido, as mĂ©dias da f e da fc foram significativamente menores (alfa = 0,05) nas duas situaçÔes estudadas e a mĂ©dia da SaO2 foi significativamente maior ao usar a CPAP com FiO2 a 30% (alfa = 0,05). ConclusĂŁo: Ao utilizar a CPAP, nas duas situaçÔes estudadas, a CVF aumentou, de maneira transitĂłria, o que ocorreu com o VEF1 somente com a aplicação da CPAP em ar comprimido, a f e a fc diminuĂram e a SaO2 apresentou maior mĂ©dia ao ser aplicada a CPAP com FiO2 a 30%.<br>Objective: To analyze the effects of the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), with 30% of FiO2 and in compressed air, used during the performance of submaximal physical activity on an ergometric treadmill. Materials and methods: Nine male individuals with COPD were submitted to physical activity on the ergometric treadmill using CPAP with 30% FiO2 .The authors evaluated the behavior of the spirometric parameters, the forced vital capacity (FVC), the forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) before and after physical activity, the respiratory frequency (f), the arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), the cardiac frequency (cf), the systolic arterial pressure (SAP), and the diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) at rest and during physical activity. Results and conclusion: Results have shown that, when using CPAP in both situations analyzed, there has been an increase in the FVC and a decrease in f and in cf with statistically significant difference (alpha = 0.05). SaO2 has showned a significantly higher mean when CPAP was used with 30% of FiO2 (alpha = 0.05). The FEV1, the SAP and DAP have maintained the same value in the statistical analyses