A study to evaluate the efficacy of Jalauka Avacharana in Vyanga vis-a-vis Melasma

Face the most important and beautiful organ of the body is affected by certain anomaly at the any age of the life. Early physical and psychological precautionary measures are essential in either of the sexes, as any minor ailment may affect from unattractive look to a permanent disfigurement, which may result in inferiority complex or sometimes even isolation. The disease Vyanga vis-a-vis Melasma is one of the important disease pertaining to Hyper Pigmentation disorders (which mainly affects the glowing complexion of a person by producing Shyava Varna on the face). It is considered under Kshudra Rogas, which occurs mainly due to vitiation of Vata, Pitta and Rakta. The study objective is to evaluate efficacy of Jalauka Avcharan in Vyanga vis–a-vis Melasma. Simple random sampling technique with single group clinical trial is adopted. In the disease Vyanga an important sign is the presence of Niruja, Tanu, Shyava Varnayukta Mandala on Mukhapradesha. Melasma is an asymptomatic, acquired and chronic condition with hyper pigmented macular lesion, develops slowly and symmetrically over molar area, bridge of the nose, forehead and temples and upper lips, more commonly seen in female than male and is not accompanied by inflammation or any other systemic symptoms. In this condition hyper pigmentation is due to increased melanocytes activity in epidermal and dermal layer. Brhajaka Pitta is mainly related to Varna of Twacha. So vitiated Pitta is the main reason behind to cause Vyanga. The parameters show highly significant results with Jalaukavacharana. Among subjective and objective parameters, the parameter size and color shows better effects than the other parameters. The parameter Kandu and Daha also have good effect in this study. Largely all the parameters showed improvement after the treatment. Thus it is fair to conclude that the Jalaukavacharana is effective in Vyanga

Concept of Mahagad in Ayurveda w.s.r. to Bhagandara (Fistula-In-Ano)

In Samhitas many concepts are explained as Leshokta (incompletely explained) or they have Linartha i.e. concept is not elaborated or proper meaning is difficult to understand. So there is a need to explore such concept to understand the vision of Ayurveda. The term ‘Mahagada’ is used as ‘Visheshana (attribute)’ for few diseases in various Ayurvedic Samhitas. Original Samhitas shows very little information regarding the term ‘Mahagada’. The concept of ‘Mahagada’ is useful to decide prognosis of diseases. Mahagada is a group of diseases having incurability, primarily due to development of complications. The conceptual study shows belief of ancient Ayurvedic Acharyas regarding concept of Mahagada and clinical survey was done to support the concept. On the basis of collected data, efforts were made to throw light on the concept of Mahagada

An Appraisal of e-Health Information Literacy of Students

Health Information Literacy (HIL) is the competence to make sound health decisions in context of everyday life, which is pivotal in abridging illness and wellness. While the emergent Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have facilitated access to information to users’ palms, the bewildering nature of abundance of information available makes it difficult for users’ to decide which information is to be trusted and which is to be ignored. Thus, HIL in contemporary electronic era assumes more significance to have a healthy global society. The present study was conducted for desideratum of e-Health Information Literacy skills of college students, to have an overview of the status quo and suggest necessary measures to fill the gaps. An online survey of 946 students was conducted using a pre-developed and validated e-Health Literacy Scale. Findings revealed a strong need for taking measures to strengthen the eHealth Literacy amongst students for having a healthy society

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Self-Care Management of Antenatal Mothers with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Terms of Knowledge and Practice in Safdarjung Hospital: A Quasi Experimental Study

A study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on self-care management of antenatal mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus in terms of knowledge and practice in selected hospital of Delhi.The conceptual framework of the present study was based on the Orem’s Self care model. Research approach adopted for the study was quasi-experimental approach with pre-test post-test control group design. The sample consists of the 60 antenatal mothers with GDM from 24 weeks to 39 weeks POG. The tools used for the study were structured knowledge interview schedule, structured expressed practice checklist. The content validity of the tool was established by giving it to 9 experts. The internal consistency method by using Kuder Richardson-20 was used to establish reliability of structured knowledge interview schedule and structured expressed practice checklist. The final study was conducted at Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi after obtaining formal administrative approval. The data obtained were organized and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics according to objectives and hypothesis of the study. The findings of the study revealed that, the mean post-test knowledge and practice scores were higher than their mean pre-test knowledge and practice scores. The structured teaching program on self-care management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was found to be effective in enhancing the knowledge and practice of antenatal mothers with GDM

Characterization of a Human Cell Line Stably Over-Expressing the Candidate Oncogene, Dual Specificity Phosphatase 12

Analysis of chromosomal rearrangements within primary tumors has been influential in the identification of novel oncogenes. Identification of the "driver" gene(s) within cancer-derived amplicons is, however, hampered by the fact that most amplicons contain many gene products. Amplification of 1q21-1q23 is strongly associated with liposarcomas and microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization narrowed down the likely candidate oncogenes to two: the activating transcription factor 6 (atf6) and the dual specificity phosphatase 12 (dusp12). While atf6 is an established transcriptional regulator of the unfolded protein response, the potential role of dusp12 in cancer remains uncharacterized.To evaluate the oncogenic potential of dusp12, we established stable cell lines that ectopically over-express dusp12 in isolation and determined whether this cell line acquired properties frequently associated with transformed cells. Here, we demonstrate that cells over-expressing dusp12 display increased cell motility and resistance to apoptosis. Additionally, over-expression of dusp12 promoted increased expression of the c-met proto-oncogene and the collagen and laminin receptor intergrin alpha 1 (itga1) which is implicated in metastasis.Collectively, these results suggest that dusp12 is oncologically relevant and exposes a potential association between dusp12 and established oncogenes that could be therapeutically targeted

Pure seminoma: A review and update

Pure seminoma is a rare pathology of the young adult, often discovered in the early stages. Its prognosis is generally excellent and many therapeutic options are available, especially in stage I tumors. High cure rates can be achieved in several ways: standard treatment with radiotherapy is challenged by surveillance and chemotherapy. Toxicity issues and the patients' preferences should be considered when management decisions are made. This paper describes firstly the management of primary seminoma and its nodal involvement and, secondly, the various therapeutic options according to stage

Effect of sitagliptin on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND: Data are lacking on the long-term effect on cardiovascular events of adding sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, to usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind study, we assigned 14,671 patients to add either sitagliptin or placebo to their existing therapy. Open-label use of antihyperglycemic therapy was encouraged as required, aimed at reaching individually appropriate glycemic targets in all patients. To determine whether sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo, we used a relative risk of 1.3 as the marginal upper boundary. The primary cardiovascular outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.0 years, there was a small difference in glycated hemoglobin levels (least-squares mean difference for sitagliptin vs. placebo, -0.29 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.32 to -0.27). Overall, the primary outcome occurred in 839 patients in the sitagliptin group (11.4%; 4.06 per 100 person-years) and 851 patients in the placebo group (11.6%; 4.17 per 100 person-years). Sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09; P<0.001). Rates of hospitalization for heart failure did not differ between the two groups (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.20; P = 0.98). There were no significant between-group differences in rates of acute pancreatitis (P = 0.07) or pancreatic cancer (P = 0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, adding sitagliptin to usual care did not appear to increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for heart failure, or other adverse events

CYTOPATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF LIVER MASS LESION : CYTOPATHOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS OF LIVER MASS LESION

Objective: To categorize and establish the various cytological patterns of liver lesions. Methods: The present study was a hospital based both retrospective and prospective study, on 504 patients with liver SOL as USG / CT guided FNAC or biopsy done and the smears or tissue was sent to the Department of Pathology, for five years between January 2018 to December 2022. Investigations done before procedure was platelet count and plasma prothrombin time to know patient’s with bleeding tendencies. Under ultrasonography guidance fine needle aspiration was performed on patients diagnosed for nodular or diffuse lesions of liver. Results: Mean age of study population was 58.53 ± 12.62 yr, 60.32% were male, 87.30% hindu and 68.45% were rural. Most common complaint was pain abdomen 384 (76.19%) followed by jaundice 70 (13.89%). 95.44% were neoplastic nature out of which 98.96% were malignant, out of which 83.61% were secondary. Out of 64 primary neolastic lesions, maximum 98.44% were hepatocellular carcinoma. Out of 398 secondary neolastic lesions maximum 87.69% were metastatic carcinoma. Conclusion: we concluded that in any space occupying lesion the screening of liver is essential for early detection and long survival of cases