Climate change: a primer

Abstract Climate has inherent variability manifesting in gradual changes in temperature, precipitation and sea-level rise. The paper entitled “Climate Change: A Primer” attempts to analyse the policy response and adaptation to the need to address climate change at the international and domestic level both. Intense variations in climate would increase the risk of abrupt and non-linear changes in the ecosystem, impacting their function, biodiversity and productivity. The policy initiations and implementation for mitigating climate change risks have been intricately discussed pertaining to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (1988) by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Meteorological Organisation (WMO); United Nations Framework Convention Climate Change (UNFCCC) (1994); Kyoto Protocol (2005); India’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions Report (2007), and the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) (2008).Climate Change

Emotion Profiling: Ingredient for Rule based Emotion Recognition Engine

Emotions are considered to be the reflection of human thinking and decision-making process which increase his/her performance by producing an intelligent outcome. Hence it is a challenging task to embed the emotional intelligence in machine as well so that it could respond appropriately. However, present human computer interfaces still don2019;t fully utilize emotion feedback to create a more natural environment because the performance of the emotion recognition is still not very robust and reliable and far from real life experience. In this paper, we present an attempt in addressing this aspect and identifying the major challenges in the process. We introduce the concept of 2018;emotion profile2019; to evaluate an individual feature as each feature irrespective of the modality has different capability for differentiating among the various subsets of emotions. To capture the discrimination across target emotions w.r.t. each feature we propose a framework for emotion recognition built around if-then rules using certainty factors to represent uncertainty and unreliability of individual features. This technique appears to be simple and effective for these kind of problems

Mining High Dimensional Web Content With Sentimental Analysis: A Proactive Approach

Sentiment analysis or opinion mining has a humongous scope in the field of digital marketing. Many research ideas have evolved in this field of engineering over the past decades. The major task of proposing sentiment analysis in mining is to systematize the detection of opinions, attitudes and the feelings expressed. These approaches however have some setback in certain scenarios. Rather than directly expressing the feelings sometimes a person might use diverse strategies to express emotions which might be positive, negative or neutral. One word which was viewed positive in a scenario might be regarded as negative in another situation. Such circumstances would interrogate the reliability of sentimental analysis. Our researches aim at alleviating the challenges in sentimental analysis and deliver a tool that is effective and reliable

Practical and Adaptable Applications of Goal Programming: A Literature Review

Goal programming (GP) is an important optimization technique for handling multiple, and often conflicting, objectives in decision making. This paper undertakes an extensive literature review to synthesize key findings on the diverse real-world applications of GP across domains, its implementation challenges, and emerging directions. The introduction sets the context and objectives of the review. This is followed by an in-depth review of literature analyzing GP applications in areas as varied as agriculture, healthcare, education, energy management, supply chain planning, and macroeconomic policy modeling. The materials and methods provide an overview of the systematic literature review methodology. Key results are presented in terms of major application areas of GP. The discussion highlights the versatility and practical utility of GP, while also identifying limitations. The conclusion outlines promising avenues for enhancing GP modeling approaches to strengthen multi-criteria decision support

A Dynamic Spreadsheet Model for Determining the Portfolio Frontier for BSE30 Stocks

Introductory investments courses revolve around Harry Markowitz’s modern portfolio theory and William Sharpe’s Index for the performance measurement of those portfolios. This paper presents a simplified perspective of Markowitz’s contributions to Modern Portfolio Theory. It is to see the effect of duration of historical data on the risk and return of the portfolio and to see the applicability of risk-reward logic. The empirical results also show that short selling may increase the risk of the portfolio when the investor is instability preferred

A Prospective Study of Profile of Agricultural Orthopaedic Injuries in North India in a Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Over time agriculture has transformed into an industry, both in scale and mechanization. Growing demand for agricultural yield and increasing mechanization has led to growth in the numbers of agricultural accidents and injuries causing significant morbidity and economical loss. Aim: To study the causes, patterns, outcomes of injuries due to agricultural accidents, their effect on the productivity of the victims, and to suggest possible remedial measures, a prospective study was undertaken. Methods: A total of 106 patients reporting agricultural injuries (AI) over 14 months in 2019-20 were enrolled and data was recorded on a pre-structured proforma. Results: With the preponderance of male victims, educational status, skill levels, lighting & climatic conditions, intoxication and fatigue were found to be major determinants in the causation of injuries with upper limbs being the predominantly involved part (75.47%) and most of the cases ended up requiring some form of surgery (88.68%). Agricultural machinery (56.60%) was the main cause of AI and Chaff Cutter Machine caused the maximum AI (37.73%). Amputations were the most common injuries sustained (47.16%). Agricultural injuries affected the range of motion of body parts (32.07%) and work (58.49%) & household activities (49.05%); thus impairing work efficiency and economy. Conclusion: The present study highlights the need for a robust surveillance and data analysis leading to better design of farming machinery and equipment, more relevant education and training systems, stronger legislations as well as a comprehensive rehabilitative program aimed at reducing the socio-economic burden caused by agricultural injuries

VHDL Implementation of 128 bit Pipelined Blowfish Algorithm

Communication through public networks imposes threat to our sensitive data. Information security plays an important role in public networking and wireless communication. In order to achieve the protection of information or private data in networking, Cryptography can be used. It is the automated method in which security goals are accomplished. Cryptographic algorithm is a mathematical function used in Encryption and Decryption process. Blowfish is a keyed symmetric Cryptographic algorithm. It is a very fast and useful scheme for Encryption and Decryption. A key is the strongest point of any algorithm but it can become the weakest point if it is not secured. Our information can be secured if it is encrypted by using multiple keys. Hence implementation of Blowfish algorithm is very much use. Usually blowfish in existing method is 64 bit block cipher and Throughput depends on the size of the blocks applied. In this proposed paper, the blowfish algorithm is designed for 128 bit block size and pipelining operation is carried to improve the speed and reduce the delay accordingly, and so that this architecture improves the throughput of an encoder. The implementation results indicate that the proposed pipelined architecture shows 10% of improvement in Throughput. VHDL Implementation of proposed architecture has done by using XILINX ISE 9.1

Climate change: a primer

Abstract Climate has inherent variability manifesting in gradual changes in temperature, precipitation and sea-level rise. The paper entitled “Climate Change: A Primer” attempts to analyse the policy response and adaptation to the need to address climate change at the international and domestic level both. Intense variations in climate would increase the risk of abrupt and non-linear changes in the ecosystem, impacting their function, biodiversity and productivity. The policy initiations and implementation for mitigating climate change risks have been intricately discussed pertaining to the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (1988) by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Meteorological Organisation (WMO); United Nations Framework Convention Climate Change (UNFCCC) (1994); Kyoto Protocol (2005); India’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions Report (2007), and the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) (2008)