10,277 research outputs found
Towards a quantum-mechanical model for multispecies exclusion statistics
It is shown how to construct many-particle quantum-mechanical spectra of
particles obeying multispecies exclusion statistics, both in one and in two
dimensions. These spectra are derived from the generalized exclusion principle
and yield the same thermodynamic quantities as deduced from Haldane's
multiplicity formula.Comment: 12 pages, REVTE
Does Time-Symmetry Imply Retrocausality? How the Quantum World Says "Maybe"
It has often been suggested that retrocausality offers a solution to some of
the puzzles of quantum mechanics: e.g., that it allows a Lorentz-invariant
explanation of Bell correlations, and other manifestations of quantum
nonlocality, without action-at-a-distance. Some writers have argued that
time-symmetry counts in favour of such a view, in the sense that retrocausality
would be a natural consequence of a truly time-symmetric theory of the quantum
world. Critics object that there is complete time-symmetry in classical
physics, and yet no apparent retrocausality. Why should the quantum world be
any different? This note throws some new light on these matters. I call
attention to a respect in which quantum mechanics is different, under some
assumptions about quantum ontology. Under these assumptions, the combination of
time-symmetry without retrocausality is unavailable in quantum mechanics, for
reasons intimately connected with the differences between classical and quantum
physics (especially the role of discreteness in the latter). Not all
interpretations of quantum mechanics share these assumptions, however, and in
those that do not, time-symmetry does not entail retrocausality.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures; significant revision
Discrete Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz
We propose discrete TBA equations for models with discrete spectrum. We
illustrate our construction on the Calogero-Moser model and determine the
discrete 2-body TBA function which yields the exact N-body Calogero-Moser
thermodynamics. We apply this algorithm to the Lieb-Liniger model in a harmonic
well, a model which is relevant for the microscopic description of harmonically
trapped Bose-Einstein condensates in one dimension. We find that the discrete
TBA reproduces correctly the N-body groundstate energy of the Lieb-Liniger
model in a harmonic well at first order in perturbation theory, but corrections
do appear at second order
Toy Models for Retrocausality
A number of writers have been attracted to the idea that some of the
peculiarities of quantum theory might be manifestations of 'backward' or
'retro' causality, underlying the quantum description. This idea has been
explored in the literature in two main ways: firstly in a variety of explicit
models of quantum systems, and secondly at a conceptual level. This note
introduces a third approach, intended to complement the other two. It describes
a simple toy model, which, under a natural interpretation, shows how
retrocausality can emerge from simple global constraints. The model is also
useful in permitting a clear distinction between the kind of retrocausality
likely to be of interest in QM, and a different kind of reverse causality, with
which it is liable to be confused. The model is proposed in the hope that
future elaborations might throw light on the potential of retrocausality to
account for quantum phenomena.Comment: 12 pages, 14 figure
Multidimensional Calogero systems from matrix models
We show that a particular many-matrix model gives rise, upon hamiltonian
reduction, to a multidimensional version of the Calogero-Sutherland model and
its spin generalizations. Some simple solutions of these models are
demonstrated by solving the corresponding matrix equations. A connection of
this model to the dimensional reduction of Yang-Mills theories to
(0+1)-dimensions is pointed out. In particular, it is shown that the low-energy
dynamics of D0-branes in sectors with nontrivial fermion content is that of
spin-Calogero particles.Comment: 12 pages, no figures, plain tex, phyzzx macr
Indirect Signs of the Peccei-Quinn Mechanism
In the Standard Model, the renormalization of the QCD vacuum angle
is extremely tiny, and small is technically natural. In the general
Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT), however, is
quadratically divergent, reflecting the fact that new sources of hadronic
CP-violation typically produce threshold corrections to
. The observation of such CP-violating interactions would therefore be
in tension with solutions to the strong CP problem in which is an
ultraviolet boundary condition, pointing to the Peccei-Quinn mechanism as the
explanation for why is small in the infrared. We study the quadratic
divergences in arising from dimension-6 SMEFT operators and discuss
the discovery prospects for these operators at electric dipole moment
experiments, the LHC, and future proton-proton colliders.Comment: 27 pages, 3 figures. Comments welcome
Fractional exclusion statistics in general systems with interaction
I show that fractional exclusion statistics (FES) is manifested in general
interacting systems and I calculate the exclusion statistics parameters. Most
importantly, I show that the mutual exclusion statistics parameters--when the
presence of particles in one Hilbert space influences the dimension of another
Hilbert space--are proportional to the dimension of the Hilbert space on which
they act. This result, although surprising and different from the usual way of
understanding the FES, renders this statistics consistent and valid in the
thermodynamic limit, in accordance with the conjucture introduced in J. Phys.
A: Math. Theor. 40, F1013 (2007).Comment: I included reference to the published paper The calculations and
discussions related to the maximum of the partition function have been
transferred to another publicatio
Toroidal coil chromatography: The effect of scale-up and "g" field on stage efficiency
This work was supported by the UK BBSRC (Follow-on Grant No. BB/FOF/206) following on from the BBSRC protein purification study (DEMPRO-Grant No. BB/C506364/1). This article is available from the specified link - Copyright @ 2010 Springer BVSelected test results have been taken from various publications and resolution and stage efficiency measured using an established model. All experiments used the same sample and, where possible, the same sample loading. The results show that stage mixing efficiencies have increased from 1.1% in 1998 to greater than 25% in the latest scaled-up version of a Toroidal coil chromatography (TCC) instrument working at 240g.This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fun
Thermodynamics of an one-dimensional ideal gas with fractional exclusion statistics
We show that the particles in the Calogero-Sutherland Model obey fractional
exclusion statistics as defined by Haldane. We construct anyon number densities
and derive the energy distribution function. We show that the partition
function factorizes in the form characteristic of an ideal gas. The virial
expansion is exactly computable and interestingly it is only the second virial
coefficient that encodes the statistics information.Comment: 10pp, REVTE
Thermodynamics for Fractional Exclusion Statistics
We discuss the thermodynamics of a gas of free particles obeying Haldane's
exclusion statistics, deriving low temperature and low density expansions. For
gases with a constant density of states, we derive an exact equation of state
and find that temperature-dependent quantities are independent of the
statistics parameter.Comment: 9 pages, Revtex, no figures. References correcte
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