Exploring the relations between regret, self-agency, and the tendency to repair using experimental methods and structural equation modeling

Previous studies suggest that feelings of regret are elicited by events appraised as goal incongruent and caused by the self, and that they are characterized by a tendency to repair the event. Study 1 investigated whether the appraisal of self-agency increases the tendency to repair. Participants played a game in which goal-congruent and goal-incongruent events were caused by themselves (self-agency) or by a die (circumstances-agency). The tendency to repair was measured via behavior and self-reports. Self-agency increased feelings of regret but not the tendency to repair. Moreover, our data rejected the idea that regret is more than other negative feelings associated with the tendency to repair. Study 2 confirmed the findings of Study 1 using autobiographical recall. Both studies provide support for a relation between self-agency and feelings of regret, but not between self-agency and the tendency to repair, nor between the tendency to repair and feelings of regret

Unexpected and just missed : the separate influence of the appraisals of expectancy and proximity on negative emotions

Previous research has suggested that a goal-incongruent outcome leads to more intense negative emotions when it is unexpected and close to a goal-congruent outcome. Until now, however, no studies have disentangled the influence of the appraisals of expectancy and proximity on emotions. We experimentally manipulated each of these variables in 3 slot machine experiments and measured emotions via differences in motivation (i.e., the tendency to repair the goal incongruence) and feelings (i.e., disappointment, frustration, and anger). The experiments consisted of a series of trials that each started with the sequential presentation of 3 symbols. In case of a win trial, all symbols were equal (e. g., AAA) and the participant gained 10 cents; in case of a loss trial, one or more of the symbols differed and the participant gained 0 cents. Three different loss trials were compared: unexpected proximal ones (e. g., AAB), expected proximal ones (e. g., ABA), and expected distal ones (e. g., ABC). The tendency to repair was measured online via behavior as well as retrospectively via self-reports; feelings were measured retrospectively (Experiments 1 and 2) or online (Experiment 3). Unexpected losses seemed to increase the tendency to repair as well as feelings of disappointment (in all experiments) and feelings of frustration and anger (in Experiments 1 and 3). Proximal losses increased only the tendency to repair (in all experiments). This suggests that the appraisals of expectancy and proximity have a distinct influence on emotions

The power of goal-directed processes in the causation of emotional and other actions

Standard dual-process models in the action domain postulate that stimulus-driven processes are responsible for suboptimal behavior because they take them to be rigid and automatic and therefore the default. We propose an alternative dual-process model in which goal-directed processes are the default instead. We then transfer the dual- process logic from the action domain to the emotion domain. This reveals that emotional behavior is often attributed to stimulus-driven processes. Our alternative model submits that goal-directed processes could be the primary determinant of emotional behavior instead. We evaluate the type of empirical evidence required for validating our model and we consider implications of our model for behavior change, encouraging strategies focused on the expectancies and values of action outcomes. </jats:p

On the interaction between forecasting and inventory control

forecasting;inventory control;econometrics

Full carbon accounting: mission impossible?

Quantifying mitigation efforts against a large background variability is a demanding task, in which scientific complexity and manageable, transparent accounting systems have difficulty to meet. Can we bring these together

A Comparison of Vertical Ground Reaction Forces in Single-leg Jump Take-offs and Double-leg Jump Take-offs in Indoor Collegiate Volleyball Players

The purpose of this study was to determine if differences in vertical ground reaction forces (vGRFs) exist between single-leg take-off approaches (SL) and double-leg take-off approaches (DL) and if sex or positional differences existed in vGRFs in SL- or DL-style approaches. It was hypothesized that DL jumps would generate greater vGRFs, males would generate greater vGRFs in both styles, and middle blockers would have higher SL vGRFs while pin hitters would have higher DL vGRFs. Nine collegiate volleyball players (4 female; 5 male) (age: 20.44 ± 1.42 years; height: 186.02 ± 6.44 cm; body mass: 78.21 ± 10.63kg; body fat: 11.66 ±5.62%) were tested. An AMTI force plate collected vGRFs with three recorded trials per approach style per subject with randomization of jump-style order. The level of significance was set at p\u3c 0.05. No significant differences were found between vGRFs and position or SL and DL vGRFs. Males had significantly higher vGRFs overall compared to females (p=0.007). Male SL vGRFs were significantly larger than females (p=0.017). DL, relative SL, and relative DL vGRFs were not significantly different between genders. Height, mass, and body fat percentage had at least moderate correlations to combined vGRFs, and height moderately correlated to DL vGRFs. These results suggest that both takeoffs have similar enough force load to be interchangeable. Strength coaches may use both styles to train their athletes and improve neural integration. Positional jump loads during practice or games may be tracked interchangeably in style regarding the take-off phase