8,056 research outputs found
Half-lives of rp-process waiting point nuclei
We give results of microscopic calculations for the half-lives of various
proton-rich nuclei in the mass region A=60-90, which are involved in the
astrophysical rp-process, and which are needed as input parameters of numerical
simulations in Nuclear Astrophysics. The microscopic formalism consists of a
deformed QRPA approach that involves a selfconsistent quasiparticle deformed
Skyrme Hartree-Fock basis and residual spin-isospin separable forces in both
the particle-hole and particle-particle channels. The strength of the
particle-hole residual interaction is chosen to be consistent with the Skyrme
effective force and mean field basis, while that of the particle-particle is
globally fixed to 0.07 MeV after a judicious choice from comparison to
experimental half-lives. We study and discuss the sensitivity of the half-lives
to deformation and residual interactions.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Eur. Phys. J.
Tachyon Condensation in Large Magnetic Fields with Background Independent String Field Theory
We discuss the problem of tachyon condensation in the framework of background
independent open string field theory. We show, in particular, that the
computation of the string field theory action simplifies considerably if one
looks at closed string backgrounds with a large B field, and can be carried out
exactly for a generic tachyon profile. We confirm previous results on the form
of the exact tachyon potential, and we find, within this framework, solitonic
solutions which correspond to lower dimensional unstable branes.Comment: 10 pages, some references added and minor imprecisions correcte
Mobilizing youth in the 21st century: How digital media use fosters civic duty, information efficacy, and political participation
Youth turnout at European Parliamentary elections has been dwindling. This study investigates the impact of news media exposure on electoral participation of first time voters. Relying on a data set that combines content analysis of news stories about the EU (N = 769) and a multiple wave panel survey (N = 994), we analyze the impact of exposure to online and offline coverage of relevant topics on turn out across a period of 6 months. We find that exposure to news in offline media had no significant effect on participation, whereas exposure to relevant news in online media positively affected turnout
Mobilizing youth in the 21st century: How digital media use fosters civic duty, information efficacy, and political participation
Cross road elections: Change in EU performance evaluations during the European Parliament elections 2014
Cross road elections: Change in EU performance evaluations during the European Parliament elections 2014
The 2014 European Parliament (EP) elections were held after a period where public opinion about the EU changed significantly. In this paper we investigate evaluations of the performance of the European Union, as this dimension of EU attitudes is particularly relevant ahead of elections. We look at public opinion developments since 2009 and then zoom in on the role played by the news media in shaping public opinion about EU performance by linking citizensâ evaluations across time to the news media content they were exposed to. The article relies on original multiple wave survey panel data and a systematic media content analysis in the Netherlands. It shows how public opinion has changed, how it changes around EP elections, and how exposure to media coverage can help improve citizensâ evaluations of EU performance
Tachyon cosmology with non-vanishing minimum potential: a unified model
We investigate the tachyon condensation process in the effective theory with
non-vanishing minimum potential and its implications to cosmology. It is shown
that the tachyon condensation on an unstable three-brane described by this
modified tachyon field theory leads to lower-dimensional branes (defects)
forming within a stable three-brane. Thus, in the cosmological background, we
can get well-behaved tachyon matter after tachyon inflation, (partially)
avoiding difficulties encountered in the original tachyon cosmological models.
This feature also implies that the tachyon inflated and reheated universe is
followed by a Chaplygin gas dark matter and dark energy universe. Hence, such
an unstable three-brane behaves quite like our universe, reproducing the key
features of the whole evolutionary history of the universe and providing a
unified description of inflaton, dark matter and dark energy in a very simple
single-scalar field model.Comment: 18 p
A perturbative analysis of tachyon condensation
Tachyon condensation in the open bosonic string is analyzed using a
perturbative expansion of the tachyon potential around the unstable D25-brane
vacuum. Using the leading terms in the tachyon potential, Pad\'e approximants
can apparently give the energy of the stable vacuum to arbitrarily good
accuracy. Level-truncation approximations up to level 10 for the coefficients
in the tachyon potential are extrapolated to higher levels and used to find
approximants for the full potential. At level 14 and above, the resulting
approximants give an energy less than -1 in units of the D25-brane tension, in
agreement with recent level-truncation results by Gaiotto and Rastelli. The
extrapolated energy continues to decrease below -1 until reaching a minimum
near level 26, after which the energy turns around and begins to approach -1
from below. Within the accuracy of this method, these results are completely
consistent with an energy which approaches -1 as the level of truncation is
taken to be arbitrarily large.Comment: 8 pages, 3 eps figures, Latex; v2: typo correcte
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