The Spectrum from Lattice NRQCD

I review recent results for heavy-heavy spectroscopy using Lattice NRQCD. The NRQCD collaboration reports that spin-independent splittings for the $\Upsilon$ are scaling for a sensible range of $\beta$ values in the quenched approximation. Spin-dependent splittings are not, if the scale is set by spin-independent splittings. Results which include higher order spin-dependent relativistic and discretisation corrections show differences from previous (NRQCD collaboration) results without these. As expected, the differences are small for $\Upsilon$ but rather large for charmonium. New results from the SESAM collaboration for $\Upsilon$ spectroscopy on configurations with Wilson dynamical fermions show good agreement with previous results on HEMCGC configurations with staggered dynamical fermions.Comment: 10 pages, Latex. 10 figures, 7 in postscript. Review for Tsukuba worksho

Valuing the voluntary sector: rethinking economic analysis

The voluntary sector plays an important role in the sports industry, as a provider of sporting opportunities and in the development of sport, from increasing participation through to supporting excellence and elite performance. However, despite this importance, research on its contribution to sport-related economic activity is limited, with information on this sector remaining the weakest part of current economic assessments of the UK sports industry. The research presented in this article examines the economic importance of the voluntary sector, using a case study of Sheffield. It demonstrates that the sports voluntary sector in the city is considerably smaller than was predicted when using national estimates, and that this is largely a consequence of methodological issues relating to previous research. The article suggests that in the light of the findings and the increasing use of sport in urban policy, there is a need to rethink the methodology used to evaluate the economic contribution of the voluntary sector in the future.</p

Mean link versus average plaquette tadpoles in lattice NRQCD

We compare mean-link and average plaquette tadpole renormalization schemes in the context of the quarkonium hyperfine splittings in lattice NRQCD. Simulations are done for the three quarkonium systems $c\bar c$, $b\bar c$, and $b\bar b$. The hyperfine splittings are computed both at leading and at next-to-leading order in the relativistic expansion. Results are obtained at a large number of lattice spacings. A number of features emerge, all of which favor tadpole renormalization using mean links. This includes much better scaling of the hyperfine splittings in the three quarkonium systems. We also find that relativistic corrections to the spin splittings are smaller with mean-link tadpoles, particularly for the $c\bar c$ and $b\bar c$ systems. We also see signs of a breakdown in the NRQCD expansion when the bare quark mass falls below about one in lattice units (with the bare quark masses turning out to be much larger with mean-link tadpoles).Comment: LATTICE(heavyqk) 3 pages, 2 figure

BcB_c Spectroscopy from Lattice QCD

We present first results for $B_c$ spectroscopy using Lattice Non-Relativistic QCD (NRQCD). For the NRQCD action the leading order spin-dependent and next to leading order spin-independent interactions have been included with tadpole-improved coefficients. We use multi-exponential fits to multiple correlation functions to extract ground and excited $S$ states and give accurate values for the $S$ state hyperfine splitting and the P state ($B^{**}_c$) fine structure, including the effects of $^1P_1/^3P_1$ mixing.Comment: 12 pages uuencoded latex file + 1 postscript figur

Organic principles and research: What implications the new IFOAM principles of organic agriculture?

This paper examines some of the implications of the recently approved IFOAM principles of organic agriculture for organic research programmes. In examining the four principles we ask what types of research processes are likely to be in keeping with the principles, who should have the power to defi ne research agendas, and ultimately who should control the output from research programmes. We argue that participatory research programmes incorporating the values and experiences of wider stakeholder groups (including researchers, farmers and consumers) should be regarded as equally important as other research approaches as they are likely to meet many of the underlying intentions of the principles. We are also led to ask whether organic research is increasingly coming to be regarded as an end in itself, almost something apart from the principles, increasingly remote from the end users and consumers, rather than as part of an on-going process aiming to support and promote the organic movement

Modeling Scavenging for a Hydraulic Free-Piston Engine

The hydraulic free-piston engine at the University of Minnesota offers a solution to improve the hydraulic efficiency and reduce emission output of off-road vehicles. We developed a MATLAB Simulink model to track the pressure, temperature, and mass profile of the fuel within the cylinder during operation. By varying different initial conditions of our model, we found that a higher intake manifold pressure and larger bottom dead center location results in higher scavenging efficiency. These results can be used to improve the controller of this engine and better maintain stable operation

Performing Urban Violence: Protest Theatre and Semi-Public Space in London and Cape Town

This article offers an account of two case studies of theatrical performance from London and Cape Town, both of which raise and interrogate the inter-related concepts of protest theatre and public space. A production of Tunde Euba’s play Brothers, by the Greenwich and Lewisham Young People’s Theater (GLYPT) in London (2013/14), and the contemporaneous theatrical work and awareness-raising campaigns of the Sex Workers Education and Advocacy Taskforce (SWEAT) in Cape Town, both use theatrical performance to question, diagnose and protest multiple forms of violence perpetrated against marginalized urban populations, often at the hands of the state. In twenty-first-century neoliberal cities such as London and Cape Town, government and private forces collude to privatize their once public spaces, thus encroaching upon—if not entirely disappearing—venues that might be used for protesting against such forms of violence (see Garrett).i Meanwhile, those public spaces that do remain are, in the ongoing era of the “War on Terror,” increasingly subject to militarized policing strategies that place increased restrictions on large assemblies and free movement within cities, “particularly for members of darker-skinned groups” (Marcuse 264)

The standardisation of diplomatic in Scottish Royal Acts down to 1249. Part 1: Brieves

I argue that there are three principal categories of royal act in Scotland during the period 1100 to 1250: the Brieve, the Letter of Notification, and the Charter. (There are also diplomas, proclamations, treaties, letters of correspondence, and so on, but these were not produced (or at least not preserved) in large enough quantities to be significant in this context.) This article describes how the Brieve became standardised in form