Extensão universitária e formação docente

Este estudo discute, a partir das vivências de acadêmicos de licenciatura em Letras em um projeto de extensão universitária - “O mundo em Novo Hamburgo: refugiados e migrantes – uma questão de direitos humanos” -, a importância da língua na (re)construção da identidade e as contribuições do Projeto na formação docente. As etapas das atividades são analisadas com o objetivo de promover o debate acerca do contexto multicultural e multilíngue de ensinoaprendizagem como forma de acolhimento e inserção social, capaz de promover o resgate da identidade dos sujeitos beneficiados e contribuir na formação docente

Review of Community Pharmacy Staff Educational Needs for Supporting Mental Health Consumers and Carers

Development of a mental health education package for community pharmacy staff should be informed by mental health consumers/carers’ needs, expectations and experiences, and staff knowledge, skills and attitudes. This review (1) explored research on community pharmacy practice and service provision for mental health consumers/carers, and (2) identified validated methods for assessing staff knowledge, skills and attitudes about mental illness to inform the development of a training questionnaire. A literature scan using key words knowledge, skills, attitudes, and beliefs combined with community pharmacy, pharmacist, and pharmacy support staff, and mental illness, depression, anxiety was conducted. A small number of studies were found that used reliable methods to assess pharmacists’ training needs regarding mental illness and treatment options. There was little published specifically in relation to depression and anxiety in community pharmacy practice. No studies assessed the training needs of pharmacy support staff. A systematic analysis of pharmacy staff learning needs is warranted

Interleukin-6 Contributes to Inflammation and Remodeling in a Model of Adenosine Mediated Lung Injury

Chronic lung diseases are the third leading cause of death in the United States due in part to an incomplete understanding of pathways that govern the progressive tissue remodeling that occurs in these disorders. Adenosine is elevated in the lungs of animal models and humans with chronic lung disease where it promotes air-space destruction and fibrosis. Adenosine signaling increases the production of the pro-fibrotic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). Based on these observations, we hypothesized that IL-6 signaling contributes to tissue destruction and remodeling in a model of chronic lung disease where adenosine levels are elevated.We tested this hypothesis by neutralizing or genetically removing IL-6 in adenosine deaminase (ADA)-deficient mice that develop adenosine dependent pulmonary inflammation and remodeling. Results demonstrated that both pharmacologic blockade and genetic removal of IL-6 attenuated pulmonary inflammation, remodeling and fibrosis in this model. The pursuit of mechanisms involved revealed adenosine and IL-6 dependent activation of STAT-3 in airway epithelial cells.These findings demonstrate that adenosine enhances IL-6 signaling pathways to promote aspects of chronic lung disease. This suggests that blocking IL-6 signaling during chronic stages of disease may provide benefit in halting remodeling processes such as fibrosis and air-space destruction

SPARC: a matricellular regulator of tumorigenesis

Although many clinical studies have found a correlation of SPARC expression with malignant progression and patient survival, the mechanisms for SPARC function in tumorigenesis and metastasis remain elusive. The activity of SPARC is context- and cell-type-dependent, which is highlighted by the fact that SPARC has shown seemingly contradictory effects on tumor progression in both clinical correlative studies and in animal models. The capacity of SPARC to dictate tumorigenic phenotype has been attributed to its effects on the bioavailability and signaling of integrins and growth factors/chemokines. These molecular pathways contribute to many physiological events affecting malignant progression, including extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, immune modulation and metastasis. Given that SPARC is credited with such varied activities, this review presents a comprehensive account of the divergent effects of SPARC in human cancers and mouse models, as well as a description of the potential mechanisms by which SPARC mediates these effects. We aim to provide insight into how a matricellular protein such as SPARC might generate paradoxical, yet relevant, tumor outcomes in order to unify an apparently incongruent collection of scientific literature

Work–Family Conflict and Job Outcomes Among Prison Officers in Ghana: A Test of Mediation and Moderation Processes

This study examines the mediating effect of job stress and the moderating effect of job autonomy on the relationship between work-to-family conflict (WFC) and job satisfaction and organizational commitment. It uses cross-sectional data from 1062 prison officers sampled from 31 prison establishments in Ghana. The results of structural equation modelling (SEM) analysis showed that WFC was negatively associated with job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Job stress significantly mediated the influence of WFC on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The negative influence of WFC on job satisfaction and organizational commitment was less for prison officers with higher levels of job autonomy than for those with lower levels of autonomy. These findings suggest the need for correctional organizations to adopt family-friendly measures that facilitate officers’ ability to integrate their work and family responsibilities

Comprehensive analysis of Ginkgo tablets by easy ambient sonic spray ionization mass spectrometry

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)We report here that easy ambient sonic spray ionization - mass spectrometry (EASI-MS) allowed direct, rapid, and comprehensive analysis of active components (e. g., terpenetrilactones and intact flavonol glycosides) in Ginkgo tablets. Unlike conventional methods that hydrolyze flavonol glycosides to flavonoids prior to analysis, EASI-MS detects intact flavonol glycosides directly from the tablets enabling differentiation of these natural glycosides from the synthetic flavonoids. Adulteration of Ginkgo tablets is therefore readily recognized in less than 10 s measurement time. Sample preparation is simple and requires only 0.5 mL of methanol and a mortar and pestle. Additionally, no reference standards are needed and a comparison is made to a certified Ginkgo tablet. To demonstrate these abilities, 22 commercial Ginkgo tablets were analyzed by EASI-MS. The data revealed large variations of ingredients and strong deviations from the specified Ginkgo extract levels. These results emphasize the importance of monitoring Ginkgo products using appropriate methodologies as suggested in our work. The technique may replace more demanding LC-MS/MS methods, which can achieve comparable results but are considerably more labor-intensive. Importantly, the presented method is cheaper, faster, and much simpler to operate than chromatography-based mass spectrometric techniques.918671678Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach-StiftungFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)FAPESP [11/07466-0

A importância da capacitação de usuários: relato de experiência na Faculdade de Medicina de Petrópolis/Centro Universitário Arthur Sa Earp Neto.

O presente estudo de relato de experiência tem como objetivo descrever a experiência da Biblioteca Charles Alfred Esbérard do Centro Universitário Arthur Sá Earp Neto/ Faculdade de Medicina de Petrópolis (UNIFASE/FMP) e Docentes como mediadores nos processos de aprendizagem em relação aos recursos informacionais do acervo da Biblioteca. A metodologia selecionada utilizou abordagem quantitativa, descritiva, retrospectiva e corte temporal. O método aplicado é a pesquisa documental, com análise dos relatórios anuais da Biblioteca da UNIFASE/FMP e da Elsevier, editora proprietária da base de dados. No recorte temporal, alinhado às capacitações realizadas pelos Bibliotecários da instituição, o estudo permitiu verificar a evolução a evolução do uso da plataforma Clinical Key pelos usuários da Instituição. A análise dos dados aponta que após o início dos treinamentos com abordagem metodológica dinâmica e específica, em um período de quatro anos, o número de acessos para utilização da base cresceu em 70%. Conclui-se que a partir do momento em que esforços são empreendidos para identificar as necessidades dos usuários e para desenvolver parcerias com docentes que estejam abertos a novas perspectivas, os resultados são produtivos e reforçam o laço entre Discente, Docente e Biblioteca. Trazem, como produto, melhor capacidade de busca, seleção e empregabilidade de informação atualizada. Acrescenta qualidade e resulta em produção de produtos acadêmico-científicos e assistenciais mais refinados por usuários mais qualificados

PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES REGRESSION FOR ROUTINE ANALYSIS OF URINARY CALCULUS COMPOSITION WITH FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED-ANALYSIS

Quantitative assessment of urinary calculus (renal stone) constituents by infrared analysis (IR) is hampered by the need of expert knowledge for spectrum interpretation. Our laboratory performed a computerized search of several libraries, containing 235 reference spectra from various mixtures with different proportions. Library search was followed by visual interpretation of band intensities for more precise semiquantitative determination of the composition. We tested partial least-squares (PLS) regression for the most frequently occurring compositions of urinary calculi. Using a constrained mixture design, we prepared various samples containing whewellite, weddellite, and carbonate apatite and used these as a calibration set for PLS regression. The value of PLS analysis was investigated by the assay of known artificial mixtures and selected patients' samples for which the semiquantitative compositions were determined by computerized library search followed by visual interpretation. Compared with that method, PLS analysis was superior with respect to accuracy and necessity of expert knowledge. Apart from some practical limitations in data-handling facilities, we believe that PLS regression offers a promising tool for routine quantification, not only for whewellite, weddellite, and carbonate apatite, but also for other compositions of the urinary calculus