Evidence for the classical integrability of the complete AdS(4) x CP(3) superstring

We construct a zero-curvature Lax connection in a sub-sector of the superstring theory on AdS(4) x CP(3) which is not described by the OSp(6|4)/U(3) x SO(1,3) supercoset sigma-model. In this sub-sector worldsheet fermions associated to eight broken supersymmetries of the type IIA background are physical fields. As such, the prescription for the construction of the Lax connection based on the Z_4-automorphism of the isometry superalgebra OSp(6|4) does not do the job. So, to construct the Lax connection we have used an alternative method which nevertheless relies on the isometry of the target superspace and kappa-symmetry of the Green-Schwarz superstring.Comment: 1+26 pages; v2: minor typos corrected, acknowledgements adde

Componentes do sistema de tratamento de esgoto com plantas

This study of a theoretical, aims to review the main components of a system with sewage treatment plants, which are the substrates, microorganisms and plants. This type of treatment becomes increasingly more attractive for a treatment that simulates show the phenomena occurring spontaneously in nature, and are less expensive and sometimes more effective for removing certain parameters of the treatments conventional. This article comes to add to the system of sewage treatment plants to be studied further in the country currently, few Brazilian states researching the different varieties of plants and existing substrates.O presente trabalho, de caráter teórico, tem por objetivo comentar sobre os principais componentes de um sistema de tratamento de esgoto com plantas, que são os substratos, microrganismos e plantas. Este tipo de tratamento torna-se a cada dia mais atrativo, por evidenciar um tratamento que simula os fenômenos que ocorrem espontaneamente na natureza, além de serem mais baratos e, as vezes, mais eficientes para a remoção de determinados parâmetros, do que os tratamentos convencionais. Este artigo vem a somar para que o sistema de tratamento de esgoto com plantas seja mais estudado no País. Atualmente, são poucos os Estados brasileiros que pesquisam as diversas variedades de plantas e substratos existentes

Counting and effective rigidity in algebra and geometry

The purpose of this article is to produce effective versions of some rigidity results in algebra and geometry. On the geometric side, we focus on the spectrum of primitive geodesic lengths (resp., complex lengths) for arithmetic hyperbolic 2-manifolds (resp., 3-manifolds). By work of Reid, this spectrum determines the commensurability class of the 2-manifold (resp., 3-manifold). We establish effective versions of these rigidity results by ensuring that, for two incommensurable arithmetic manifolds of bounded volume, the length sets (resp., the complex length sets) must disagree for a length that can be explicitly bounded as a function of volume. We also prove an effective version of a similar rigidity result established by the second author with Reid on a surface analog of the length spectrum for hyperbolic 3-manifolds. These effective results have corresponding algebraic analogs involving maximal subfields and quaternion subalgebras of quaternion algebras. To prove these effective rigidity results, we establish results on the asymptotic behavior of certain algebraic and geometric counting functions which are of independent interest.Comment: v.2, 39 pages. To appear in Invent. Mat

CONSERVAÇÃO E PRESERVAÇÃO DE NASCENTE LOCALIZADA NO MUNICÍPIO DE PALMEIRAS DE GOIÁS – GO

O presente trabalho teve a finalidade de apresentar um estudo sobre conservação de nascentes,analisando os aspectos socioambientais da bacia hidrográfica do Rio dos Bois, no município dePalmeiras de Goiás, localizado na mesorregião Sul do Estado de Goiás. Os municípios brasileiros têmenfrentado grandes problemas com os impactos ambientais, inclusive rurais e cada vez mais e oaumento significativo também de impactos ambientais em áreas de preservação. Os procedimentosmetodológicos realizados foram baseados em investigações de estudos de campo para verificar acaracterística da nascente e as medidas de prevenção a danos ambientais. A quantidade e a qualidadede água das nascentes de uma bacia hidrográfica podem ser alteradas por diversos fatores, destacandose,a declividade, o tipo de solo, o uso da terra, principalmente das áreas de recarga. A nascenteestudada apresentou alguns riscos potenciais ao meio ambiente

AVALIAÇÃO DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS E LÍQUIDOS EM CONCRETEIRA

This work aimed to propose alternatives to minimize environmental impacts caused by the generation of solid and liquid waste from the truck wash in a concrete industry in the municipality of Santa Maria - RS. For the analysis of wastewater samples were collected from June to October 2009, in five pre-defined points. The values obtained by the analysis were compared with the results of the control sample and the values determined by NBR 13.696 (ABNT, 1997). The evaluation of theses parameters showed the actual efficiency of decanters already installer in the Company. With this, was found the need to design a new system. The residue (sludge) from the decanters already deployed in the enterprise was removed with a shovel, and air dried in a moist chamber incorporated in the mortar and sieved by replacing the sand by percentages of 10%, 25% and 50%. The bodies of the specimens were broken at 7, 14 and 28 days of healing. The effluent showed a large disparity between the control sample (borehole) and the end of the sample treatment system. Regarding solid waste, incorporate the sludge generated in the industry can mean the reduction of environmental impact, thereby contributing to sustainable development, where there will be no wasted material generated.Este trabalho teve como objetivo propor alternativas para a minimização dos impactos ambientais causados pela geração de resíduos sólidos e líquidos a partir da lavagem de caminhões em uma indústria de concreto no município de Santa Maria – RS. Para a análise dos resíduos líquidos foram coletadas amostras nos meses de junho a outubro de 2009, em cinco pontos pré-definidos. Os valores obtidos pelas análises foram comparados com os resultados da amostra testemunha e os valores determinados pela NBR 13.696 (ABNT, 1997). A avaliação destes parâmetros apresentou a real eficiência dos decantadores já instalados na Empresa. Com isto, foi possível verificar a necessidade de se projetar um novo dimensionamento do sistema. O resíduo (lodo) proveniente dos decantadores já implantados na empresa foi removido com uma pá, seco ao ar e em câmara úmida, peneirado e incorporado na argamassa, substituindo-se parte da areia por porcentagens de 10%, 25% e 50%. Os corpos-de-prova foram rompidos aos 7, 14 e 28 dias de cura. O efluente apresentou uma grande disparidade entre a amostra testemunho (poço artesiano) e a amostra no final do sistema de tratamento. Em relação aos resíduos sólidos, a incorporação do lodo gerado na indústria pode significar a redução de um impacto ambiental, contribuindo assim para um desenvolvimento sustentável, onde não será desperdiçado nenhum material gerado

AVALIAÇÃO DAS ALTERAÇÕES DE OXIGÊNIO DISSOLVIDO E TEMPERATURA NO ARROIO ESPERANÇA

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236130810966Located in the municipality of Santa Maria - RS, the Arroio Esperança is a small catchment situations urbanization regular and irregular. Through the degradations caused by man, the quality of this water has been changed constantly. This study aimed to carry out the assessment of changes in dissolved oxygen and temperature of this Arroio. The survey was conducted between March and July 2011, were evaluated in situ, the variables dissolved oxygen and water temperature. After assessment, the water in the Arroio Esperança some can be classified according to Resolution 357/2005 of the National Council of the Environment.http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236130810966Situado do município de Santa Maria – RS, o Arroio Esperança encontra-se em uma microbacia com situações de urbanização tanto regular quanto irregular. Através das degradações causadas pelo homem, a qualidade dessa água têm sido alterada constantemente. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a avaliação das alterações de oxigênio dissolvido e da temperatura deste Arroio. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os meses de março e julho de 2011, onde foram avaliados, in situ, as variáveis oxigênio dissolvido e temperatura da água. Após avaliação, a água do Arroio Esperança em pouco pode ser classificada de acordo com a Resolução 357/2005 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente

Imports, unionization and racial age discrimination in the US

Past studies of the relationship between competition and racial wages find that domestic competition reduces racial wage discrimination of nonunion workers. This article examines the effects of foreign competition on racial wages of union and nonunion workers utilizing an empirical model which allows for cluster-adjusted SEs by industry. Such a procedure allows independence of observations across industries but not within industries, thereby not overstating the significance of industry invariant controls. In this analysis, clustered SEs prevent the overstatement of the significance of imports as a means to reduce earnings discrimination. We find evidence of a wage premium for nonunion white workers in concentrated industries; however, imports cause the wages of nonunion whites to converge towards market rates. In contrast, for union workers in concentrated industries, wage standardization provides a sanctuary from market power initiated discrimination such that imports play a limited role in reducing discrimination

Primate TNF Promoters Reveal Markers of Phylogeny and Evolution of Innate Immunity

Background. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a critical cytokine in the immune response whose transcriptional activation is controlled by a proximal promoter region that is highly conserved in mammals and, in particular, primates. Specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) upstream of the proximal human TNF promoter have been identified, which are markers of human ancestry. Methodology/Principal findings. Using a comparative genomics approach we show that certain fixed genetic differences in the TNF promoter serve as markers of primate speciation. We also demonstrate that distinct alleles of most human TNF promoter SNPs are identical to fixed nucleotides in primate TNF promoters. Furthermore, we identify fixed genetic differences within the proximal TNF promoters of Asian apes that do not occur in African ape or human TNF promoters. Strikingly, protein-DNA binding assays and gene reporter assays comparing these Asian ape TNF promoters to African ape and human TNF promoters demonstrate that, unlike the fixed differences that we define that are associated with primate phylogeny, these Asian ape-specific fixed differences impair transcription factor binding at an Sp1 site and decrease TNF transcription induced by bacterial stimulation of macrophages. Conclusions/significance. Here, we have presented the broadest interspecies comparison of a regulatory region of an innate immune response gene to date. We have characterized nucleotide positions in Asian ape TNF promoters that underlie functional changes in cell type- and stimulus-specific activation of the TNF gene. We have also identified ancestral TNF promoter nucleotide states in the primate lineage that correspond to human SNP alleles. These findings may reflect evolution of Asian and African apes under a distinct set of infectious disease pressures involving the innate immune response and TNF

Brief evidence-based interventions for universal child health services: a restricted evidence assessment of the literature

Background Universal child health services (UCHS) provide an important pragmatic platform for the delivery of universal and targeted interventions to support families and optimize child health outcomes. We aimed to identify brief, evidence-based interventions for common health and developmental problems that could be potentially implemented in UCHS. Methods A restricted evidence assessment (REA) of electronic databases and grey literature was undertaken covering January 2006 to August 2019. Studies were eligible if (i) outcomes related to one or more of four areas: child social and emotional wellbeing (SEWB), infant sleep, home learning environment or parent mental health, (ii) a comparison group was used, (iii) universal or targeted intervention were delivered in non-tertiary settings, (iv) interventions did not last more than 4 sessions, and (v) children were aged between 2 weeks postpartum and 5 years at baseline. Results Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria. Of these, three interventions could possibly be implemented at scale within UCHS platforms: (1) a universal child behavioural intervention which did not affect its primary outcome of infant sleep but improved parental mental health, (2) a universal screening programme which improved maternal mental health, and (3) a targeted child behavioural intervention which improved parent-reported infant sleep problems and parental mental health. Key lessons learnt include: (1) Interventions should impart the maximal amount of information within an initial session with future sessions reinforcing key messages, (2) Interventions should see the family as a holistic unit by considering the needs of parents with an emphasis on identification, triage and referral, and (3) Brief interventions may be more acceptable for stigmatized topics, but still entail considerable barriers that deter the most vulnerable. Conclusions Delivery and evaluation of brief evidence-based interventions from a UCHS could lead to improved maternal and child health outcomes through a more responsive and equitable service. We recommend three interventions that meet our criteria of “best bet” interventions