Late-time interacting cosmologies and the Hubble constant tension

In this manuscript we reassess the potential of interacting dark matter–dark energy models in solving the Hubble constant tension. These models have been proposed but also questioned as possible solutions to the H0 problem. Here we examine several interacting scenarios against cosmological observations, focusing on the important role played by the calibration of supernovae data. In order to reassess the ability of interacting dark matter–dark energy scenarios in easing the Hubble constant tension, we systematically confront their theoretical predictions using a prior on the supernovae Ia absolute magnitude MB, which has been argued to be more robust and certainly less controversial than using a prior on the Hubble constant H0. While some data combinations do not show any preference for interacting dark sectors and in some of these scenarios the clustering σ8 tension worsens, interacting cosmologies with a dark energy equation of state w < −1 are preferred over the canonical ΛCDM picture even with cosmic microwave background data alone and also provide values of σ8 in perfect agreement with those from weak lensing surveys. Future cosmological surveys will test these exotic dark energy cosmologies by accurately measuring the dark energy equation of state and its putative redshift evolution

Late-time interacting cosmologies and the Hubble constant tension

In this manuscript we reassess the potential of interacting dark matter–dark energy models in solving the Hubble constant tension. These models have been proposed but also questioned as possible solutions to the H0 problem. Here we examine several interacting scenarios against cosmological observations, focusing on the important role played by the calibration of supernovae data. In order to reassess the ability of interacting dark matter–dark energy scenarios in easing the Hubble constant tension, we systematically confront their theoretical predictions using a prior on the supernovae Ia absolute magnitude MB, which has been argued to be more robust and certainly less controversial than using a prior on the Hubble constant H0. While some data combinations do not show any preference for interacting dark sectors and in some of these scenarios the clustering σ8 tension worsens, interacting cosmologies with a dark energy equation of state w < −1 are preferred over the canonical ΛCDM picture even with cosmic microwave background data alone and also provide values of σ8 in perfect agreement with those from weak lensing surveys. Future cosmological surveys will test these exotic dark energy cosmologies by accurately measuring the dark energy equation of state and its putative redshift evolution

Diagnóstico de propriedades agrícolas no município de Cristalina-GO, visando estabelecer um sistema de produção integrada de feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).

Está se conduzindo um projeto para subsidiar a implantação de um Modelo de Produção Integrada de Feijão. Realizou-se um diagnóstico dos sistemas de produção em uso e de algumas características das propriedades candidatas a sediarem essas Unidades. Esse diagnóstico norteou a elaboração do sistema de produção para feijão irrigado, que está sendo validado a campo com a participação dos produtores

Contributos para o estudo de gestão de conflitos entre os professores e os alunos do ISP: criação de um gabinete de mediação

A presente investigação, “Contributos para o Estudo de Gestão de Conflitos entre os professores e os alunos do ISP: Criação de um Gabinete de Mediação” foi desenvolvido num dos pólos da Universidade de São Tomé e Príncipe denominado, Instituto Superior Politécnico, (ISP). A mesma investigação teve como objetivo analisar a problemática de Conflitos entre os professores e os alunos com vistas à criação de um Gabinete de Mediação que contribua na melhoria da gestão de Conflito entre esses elementos imprescindíveis do processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Em termos metodológicos optamos por uma abordagem quantitativa, utilizando o inquérito por questionário. No âmbito desta investigação, a nossa população são os professores, e os alunos do ISP. A nossa amostra, foram trinta e seis professores do ISP e sessenta alunos de primeiro ao quarto ano, selecionados de forma aleatória. Acreditamos que ao abarcar todos os anos dos cursos do ISP, a opção por uma abordagem quantitativa nos vai permitir atingir o objetivo inicial. Realizamos um estudo analítico-descritivo, ancorado num estudo de caso de caracter exploratório. Consideramos a bibliografia mais recente bem como a revisão das documentações oficiais e normativas da Universidade. Desta forma, concluimos que existem Conflitos entre professores e alunos do ISP com origem em diversas causas espelhadas neste estudo, que poderiam ser dirigidos com a existência de um Gabinete de mediação; CONTRIBUTIONS FOR THE STUDY OF CONFLICTS MANAGEMENT BETWEEN TEACHERS AND STUDENTS OF ISP: CREATION OF A MEDIATION OFFICE. ABSTRACT: This research, “contributions to the study of conflicts management between teachers and students of ISP: creation of a Mediation Office” was carried out in one of the campuses of the University of São Tomé and Príncipe called, Higher Polytechnic Institute (ISP). The purpose of this same research was to analyse the issue of conflicts between teachers and students in order to create a Mediation Office that shall contribute for improving the management of conflict between these essential elements of the teaching-learning process. In methodological terms we opted for a quantitative approach using the questionnaire survey. Within the framework of this research, our population is the teachers, and the students of the ISP. Our sample consisted of thirty-six ISP teachers and sixty students, from first to fourth grades, selected at random. We believe that by covering every year of ISP courses, the choice of a quantitative approach will allow us to reach the initial goal. We performed an analytical-descriptive study, anchored in an exploratory case study. We consider the most recent bibliography as well as the revision of official and normative documentation of the University. We conclude thus, that there are conflicts between teachers and students of the ISP that originate from several causes mentioned in this study, which could be addressed with the existence of a Mediation Office

Human development and food (In)Security in Brazil: prioritisation of regions for policies targeting rice and bean production.

The objective of this study was to identify the main poverty areas in Brazil and check if they are important in growing rice and beans in order to be considered as priority areas for agricultural research and extension services

Prevention of Excessive Endothelin-1 Release in Sclerotherapy: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.

Abstract BACKGROUND The foam sclerotherapy technique has become one of the most commonly used treatments for superficial venous insufficiency. Despite excellent results, few visual/neurologic disturbances have been recently reported; their pathogenesis is still debated but a correlation with endothelin-1 (ET-1) release from the treated vein has been proposed. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this work was to evaluate the ET-1 release after sclerotherapy and to investigate the effects of the anti-endothelin drug aminaphtone. METHODS AND MATERIALS As in vitro sclerotherapy model, an endothelial cell culture, mimicking vascular endothelium, was pretreated with aminaphtone and exposed to detergents. Cell survival and ET-1 release were measured. In in vivo experiments, 45 rats, fed with different aminaphtone-rich diets, were subjected to sclerotherapy, and the systemic ET-1 was measured. RESULTS A minaphtone cell exposure caused a statistically significant reduction in ET-1 release, both before and after in vitro sclerotherapy. Rats fed with aminaphtone showed a trend toward reduced mortality and a significant decrease of ET-1 release after sclerotherapy. CONCLUSION This is the first study in which an anti-endothelin agent was able to cause a significant reduction of ET-1 release during sclerotherapy. Although clinical studies are required, these findings might advocate the use of anti-endothelin agents in prophylaxis of neurologic or visual disturbances after sclerotherapy

A Survey on Computational Propaganda Detection

Propaganda campaigns aim at influencing people's mindset with the purpose of advancing a specific agenda. They exploit the anonymity of the Internet, the micro-profiling ability of social networks, and the ease of automatically creating and managing coordinated networks of accounts, to reach millions of social network users with persuasive messages, specifically targeted to topics each individual user is sensitive to, and ultimately influencing the outcome on a targeted issue. In this survey, we review the state of the art on computational propaganda detection from the perspective of Natural Language Processing and Network Analysis, arguing about the need for combined efforts between these communities. We further discuss current challenges and future research directions.Comment: propaganda detection, disinformation, misinformation, fake news, media bia

Interventions to Decrease Carotid-Intima Media Thickness in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

INTRODUCTION Hyperglycemia is associated with a higher cardiovascular risk, as evidenced by increased carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT) in youth with diabetes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions on CIMT in children and adolescents with prediabetes or diabetes. METHODS We conducted systematic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL, together with supplementary searches in trial registers and other sources for studies completed up to September 2019. Interventional studies assessing ultrasound CIMT in children and adolescents with prediabetes or diabetes were considered for inclusion. Where appropriate, data were pooled across studies using random-effect meta-analysis. Quality was assessed using The Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of-bias tool and a CIMT reliability tool. RESULTS Six studies involving 644 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus were included. No study involved children with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the effects of metformin, quinapril, and atorvastatin. Three non-randomized studies, with a before-and-after design, evaluated the effects of physical exercise and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). The mean CIMT at baseline ranged from 0.40 to 0.51 mm. The pooled difference in CIMT was -0.01 mm (95% CI: -0.04 to 0.01) for metformin compared to placebo (2 studies; 135 participants; I2: 0%). The difference in CIMT was -0.01 mm (95% CI: -0.03 to 0.01) for quinapril compared to placebo (1 study; 406 participants). The mean change from baseline in CIMT was -0.03 mm (95% CI: -0.14 to 0.08) after physical exercise (1 study; 7 participants). Inconsistent results were reported for CSII or for atorvastatin. CIMT measurement was rated at a higher quality on all reliability domains in 3 (50%) studies. The confidence in results is limited by the low number of RCTs and their small sample sizes, as well as the high risk of bias in before-and-after studies. CONCLUSIONS Some pharmacological interventions may decrease CIMT in children with type 1 diabetes. However, there is great uncertainty with respect to their effects and no strong conclusions can be drawn. Further evidence from larger RCTs is required. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO, CRD42017075169

Study of the maxillary yaw on cone beam computed tomography: a preliminary report and comparison between two different dento‐skeletal malocclusions

Objectives: To assess the skeletal and dental maxillary transverse compensation (yaw) on the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) three-dimensional reconstructed image of the skull in two groups of patients, both clinically affected by a class III malocclusion with deviation of the lower midline.Materials and Methods: An observational retrospective study was designed to analyse differences in two groups of patients, the first one was composed by patients affected by horizontal condylar hyperplasia, the second one by patients affected by dento-skeletal asymmetric class III malocclusion. Each group was composed by 15 patients. Transverse analysis was performed by measuring five landmarks (three bilateral and two uneven) with respect to a mid-sagittal plane; sagittal analysis was performed by measuring the sagittal distance on the mid-sagittal plane between bilateral points. Means were compared through inferential analysis.Results: In the condylar hyperplasia group, all differences between the two sides were not statistically significant, nor for canines' difference (P = .0817), for molars (P = .1105) or for jugular points (.05871). In the class III group, the differences between the two sides were statistically significant for molars (P = .0019) and jugular points (P = .0031) but not for canines (P = .1158). Comparing the two groups, significant differences were found only for incisors' midline deviation (P = .0343) and canine (P = .0177).Conclusion: The study of the yaw on CBCT should be integrated into three-dimensional cephalometry and could help in differentiating the various malocclusion patterns