Multiwavelength L-band fiber laser with bismuth-oxide EDF and photonic crystal fiber.

A multiwavelength laser comb using a bismuth-based erbium-doped fiber and 50 m photonic crystal fiber is demonstrated in a ring cavity configuration. The fiber laser is solely pumped by a single 1455 nm Raman pump laser to exploit its higher power delivery compared to that of a single-mode laser diode pump. At 264 mW Raman pump power and 1 mW Brillouin pump power, 38 output channels in the L-band have been realized with an optical signal-to-noise ratio above 15 dB and a Stokes line spacing of 0.08 nm. The laser exhibits a tuning range of 12 nm and produces stable Stokes lines across the tuning range between Brillouin pump wavelengths of 1603 nm and 1615 nm

ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ АПРОБАЦИЯ КОМБИНИРОВАННОГО ОСТЕОСИНТЕЗА ПРИ УДЛИНЕНИИ БЕДРЕННОЙ КОСТИ

Elimination of congenital shortening of lower limb still remains a complex and unsolved orthopaedic task which requires an improved fixation technique as well as adjusted tactics of treatment and rehabilitation procedures.Purpose of the study — experimental approval of femur lengthening technique by external fixation with Ilizarov apparatus and internal fixation by plate.Materials and methods. Femur lengthening was performed in 6 mongrel dogs. Average animal age was 1,5±0,3 years, average weight — 20±5 kg, femur length — 22±2 sm. External apparatus with two supports and a titanium plate of an original design were applied under general anesthesia on the right femur of animals. Lengthening was performed manually at a rate of1 mm per day in 4 stages at a distance of 10% from initial segment length. External apparatus was removed on the last day of distraction after locking the plate. X-ray examination was done on the day of surgery, in 7, 14 and 25 days from the onset of distraction as well as in 14, 30, 60 and 90 days after completion of distraction and removal of external apparatus. Three animals were taken out of experiment in 30 days of fixation, remaining three animals — in 90 days. After euthanasia the authors performed autopsy of the organic femur complex and tissues contacting the plate.Results. The use of operated limb was not restricted during the whole distraction period. The authors observed first roentgenological signs of distraction osteogenesis on 7th day of lengthening. By the end of distraction period, at 25th day, shadows of regenerates demonstrated longitudinal striated structures in all cases. Median lucency area of 1–5 mm was located diagonally and across the regenerate or was intermittent. In 60 days of fixation X-rays demonstrated homogeneous regenerate. External fixation index was 13,9±1,5 days/sm (p≤0,05). The authors observed no cases of implants fracture or deformity during the experiment. Conclusion. Application of the developed plate in combination with external apparatus demonstrated high efficiency for femur lengthening in experiment study.Устранение врожденного укорочения нижней конечности по-прежнему остается сложной и далеко не решенной ортопедической задачей, требующей как совершенствования технологий остеосинтеза, так и внесения необходимых корректив в тактику лечебно-реабилитационных мероприятий.Цель исследования – экспериментально апробировать способ комбинированного остеосинтеза для удлинения бедра с применением аппарата внешней фиксации и накостной пластины. Материал и методы. Удлинение бедренной кости выполнено у 6 беспородных собак. Средний возраст животных составил 1,5±0,3 года, вес – 20±5 кг, длина бедренной кости – 22±2 см. Животным под общим наркозом на правую бедренную кость устанавливали аппарат внешней фиксации из двух опор и накостную пластину оригинального дизайна из титанового сплава. Удлинение осуществляли в ручном режиме с темпом1 мм в сутки за 4 приема на величину 10% от исходной длины сегмента. Аппарат внешней фиксации демонтировали в день окончания дистракции после блокирования пластины. Рентгенографические исследования выполняли в день операции, через 7, 14 и 25 суток с начала дистракции, а также через 14, 30, 60 и 90 суток после окончания дистракции и демонтажа аппарата. Три собаки были выведены из эксперимента на 30-е сутки. фиксации, остальные три собаки – через 90 суток. После эвтаназии были проведено патологоанатомическое исследование органокомплекса бедра и соприкасающихся с пластиной тканей.Результаты. Собаки пользовались оперированной конечностью в процессе всего периода удлинения. Первые рентгенологические признаки дистракционного остеогенеза визуализировали на 7-е сутки удлинения. К концу дистракции на 25-е сутки во всех наблюдениях тени костных регенератов имели продольно исчерченную структуру. Срединная зона просветления размером 1–5 мм располагалась как по диагонали, так и поперек регенерата либо была прерывистой. Через 60 суток после фиксации на рентгенограммах наблюдали регенерат с гомогенной структурой. Индекс внешнего остеосинтеза составил 13,9±1,5 дн/см (p≤0,05). Во время эксперимента мы не наблюдали ни одного случая поломки металлоконструкции, винта или их деформации.Вывод. Комбинированный остеосинтез, предполагающий использование спице-стержневого аппарата внешней фиксации и оригинальной накостной пластины при удлинении бедра, уменьшает травмирующий фактор элементов чрескостной наружной фиксации на смежные суставы и мышцы бедра, что позволяет снизить риски атрофии мышц и формирования стойких контрактур суставов, а также восстанавить функцию поврежденной конечности в более ранние сроки

The 8^{8}He and 10^{10}He spectra studied in the (t, p) reaction

JINR U-400M cyclotron, separator ACCULINNAThe low-lying spectra of 8He and 10He nuclei were studied in the 3H(6He, p)8He and 3H(8He, p)10He transfer reactions. The 0+ ground state (g.s.) of 8He and excited states, 2+ at 3.6–3.9 MeV and (1+) at 5.3–5.5 MeV, were populated with cross sections of 200, 100–250, and 90–125 μb/sr, respectively. Some evidence for a 8He state at about 7.5 MeV was obtained. We discuss a possible nature of the nearthreshold anomaly above 2.14 MeV in 8He and relate it to the population of a 1− continuum (soft dipole excitation) with a peak value at about 3 MeV. The lowest energy group of events in the 10He spectrum was observed at ∼ 3 MeV with a cross section of ∼ 140 μb/sr. We argue that this result is consistent with the previously reported observation of 10He providing the new 10He g.s. position at about 3 Me

The structure of interstitial lung diseases in children of the first two years of life

For the first time in Russia, the article provides data on interstitial lung diseases structure in children of the first two years of life, based on a series of observations of 68 patients with these rare diseases, as a part of multi-center ambispective study. Interstitial lung diseases in observed children included: Wilson-Mikity syndrome (23,4%), neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy (22%), bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (7,4%), primary pulmonary hypoplasia (1,5%), secondary pulmonary hypoplasia with Jeune syndrome (10,3%), secondary pulmonary hypoplasia with Edwards syndrome (2,9%), secondary pulmonary hypoplasia with other associated pathology (omphalocele - 1,5%, non-immune fetal hydrops - 1,5%), subpleural cysts in patients with Down syndrome (5,9%), congenital deficiency of surfactant protein B (1,5%), brain-lung- thyroid syndrome (2,9%), congenital alveolar-capillary dysplasia (1,5%), interstitial lung diseases with systemic diseases (Langerhans cell histiocytosis - 16,2%, Niemann-Pick disease - 1,5%). The article summarizes clinical features, the results of image diagnosis and disease outcomes. © 2015, Pediatria Ltd. All rights reserved

The structure of interstitial lung diseases in children of the first two years of life

For the first time in Russia, the article provides data on interstitial lung diseases structure in children of the first two years of life, based on a series of observations of 68 patients with these rare diseases, as a part of multi-center ambispective study. Interstitial lung diseases in observed children included: Wilson-Mikity syndrome (23,4%), neuroendocrine hyperplasia of infancy (22%), bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (7,4%), primary pulmonary hypoplasia (1,5%), secondary pulmonary hypoplasia with Jeune syndrome (10,3%), secondary pulmonary hypoplasia with Edwards syndrome (2,9%), secondary pulmonary hypoplasia with other associated pathology (omphalocele - 1,5%, non-immune fetal hydrops - 1,5%), subpleural cysts in patients with Down syndrome (5,9%), congenital deficiency of surfactant protein B (1,5%), brain-lung- thyroid syndrome (2,9%), congenital alveolar-capillary dysplasia (1,5%), interstitial lung diseases with systemic diseases (Langerhans cell histiocytosis - 16,2%, Niemann-Pick disease - 1,5%). The article summarizes clinical features, the results of image diagnosis and disease outcomes. © 2015, Pediatria Ltd. All rights reserved