ION-INDUCED K-SHELL IONIZATION IN ELEMENTS 19≤Z≤39

The relative transition probabilities of characteristic Kβ and Kα X-rays produced by ion-beam bombardment were measured systematically in thin targets for elements 19≤Z≤39. Results for proton and alpha particle induced Kβ / Kα; emission rate rations compare favourably with photon-induced data, while the deuteron-induced results deviate in certain Z regions. In the case of nitrogen-ion impact on Ti and V, the Kα and Kβ lines were found to be shifted approximately 45 eV and 90 eV, respectively, relative to the proton-induced spectra. Hartree-Fock calculations show that the observed shifts result from multivacancy production with two or more additional L-shell vacancies, while double K-shell ionization is totally ruled out