7 research outputs found
Subcutaneous abatacept in patients with polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis : results from a phase III open-label study
OBJECTIVE : To investigate the pharmacokinetics, effectiveness, and safety of subcutaneous (SC) abatacept treatment over 24 months in patients with polyarticularâcourse juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
METHODS: In this phase III, openâlabel, international, multicenter, singleâarm study, patients with polyarticular JIA (cohort 1, ages 6â17 years and cohort 2, ages 2â5 years) in whom treatment with â„1 diseaseâmodifying antirheumatic drug was unsuccessful received weightâtiered SC abatacept weekly: 10 to <25 kg (50 mg), 25 to <50 kg (87.5 mg), â„50 kg (125 mg). Patients who had met the JIAâAmerican College of Rheumatology 30% improvement criteria (achieved a JIAâACR 30 response) at month 4 were given the option to continue SC abatacept to month 24. The primary end point was the abatacept steadyâstate serum trough concentration (Cminss) in cohort 1 at month 4. Other outcome measures included JIAâACR 30, 50, 70, 90, 100, and inactive disease status, the median Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score in 71 joints using the Câreactive protein level (JADASâ71âCRP) over time, safety, and immunogenicity.
RESULTS : The median abatacept Cminss at month 4 (primary end point) and at month 24 was above the target therapeutic exposure (10 ÎŒg/ml) in both cohorts. The percentage of patients who had achieved JIAâACR 30, 50, 70, 90, or 100 responses or had inactive disease responses at month 4 (intentâtoâtreat population) was 83.2%, 72.8%, 52.6%, 28.3%, 14.5%, and 30.1%, respectively, in cohort 1 (n = 173) and 89.1%, 84.8%, 73.9%, 58.7%, 41.3%, and 50.0%, respectively, in cohort 2 (n = 46); the responses were maintained to month 24. The median (interquartile range) JADASâ71âCRP improved from baseline to month 4: cohort 1, from 21.0 (13.5, 30.3) to 4.6 (2.1, 9.4); cohort 2, from 18.1 (14.0, 23.1) to 2.1 (0.3, 4.4). Improvements were sustained to month 24, at which time 27 of 173 patients (cohort 1) and 11 of 22 patients (cohort 2) had achieved JADASâ71âCRP remission. No unexpected adverse events were reported; 4 of 172 patients (2.3%) in cohort 1 and 4 of 46 (8.7%) in cohort 2 developed antiâabatacept antibodies, with no clinical effects.
CONCLUSION : Weightâstratified SC abatacept yielded target therapeutic exposures across age and weight groups, was well tolerated, and improved polyarticular JIA symptoms over 24 months.Results From a Phase III OpenâLabel StudyWriting assistance was funded by BristolâMyers Squibb.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/23265205am2018Internal Medicin
Face recognition and retrieval in video
Abstract. Automatic face recognition has long been established as one of the most active research areas in computer vision. Face recognition in unconstrained environments remains challenging for most practical applications. In contrast to traditional still-image based approaches, recently the research focus has shifted towards videobased approaches. Video data provides rich and redundant information, which can be exploited to resolve the inherent ambiguities of image-based recognition like sensitivity to low resolution, pose variations and occlusion, leading to more accurate and robust recognition. Face recognition has also been considered in the content-based video retrieval setup, for example, character-based video search. In this chapter, we review existing research on face recognition and retrieval in video. The relevant techniques are comprehensively surveyed and discussed.
Understanding Factors Associated With Psychomotor Subtypes of Delirium in Older Inpatients With Dementia
Objectives: Few studies have analyzed factors associated with delirium subtypes. In this study, we investigate factors associated with subtypes of delirium only in patients with dementia to provide insights on the possible prevention and treatments. Design: This is a cross-sectional study nested in the \u201cDelirium Day\u201d study, a nationwide Italian point-prevalence study. Setting and Participants: Older patients admitted to 205 acute and 92 rehabilitation hospital wards. Measures: Delirium was evaluated with the 4-AT and the motor subtypes with the Delirium Motor Subtype Scale. Dementia was defined by the presence of a documented diagnosis in the medical records and/or prescription of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or memantine prior to admission. Results: Of the 1057 patients with dementia, 35% had delirium, with 25.6% hyperactive, 33.1% hypoactive, 34.5% mixed, and 6.7% nonmotor subtype. There were higher odds of having venous catheters in the hypoactive (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.18-2.81) and mixed type of delirium (OR 2.23, CI 1.43-3.46), whereas higher odds of urinary catheters in the hypoactive (OR 2.91, CI 1.92-4.39), hyperactive (OR 1.99, CI 1.23-3.21), and mixed types of delirium (OR 2.05, CI 1.36-3.07). We found higher odds of antipsychotics both in the hyperactive (OR 2.87, CI 1.81-4.54) and mixed subtype (OR 1.84, CI 1.24-2.75), whereas higher odds of antibiotics was present only in the mixed subtype (OR 1.91, CI 1.26-2.87). Conclusions and Implications: In patients with dementia, the mixed delirium subtype is the most prevalent followed by the hypoactive, hyperactive, and nonmotor subtype. Motor subtypes of delirium may be triggered by clinical factors, including the use of venous and urinary catheters, and the use of antipsychotics. Future studies are necessary to provide further insights on the possible pathophysiology of delirium in patients with dementia and to address the optimization of the management of potential risk factors