Solute nucleation and growth in supercritical fluid mixtures

This research effort is directed toward two primary scientific objectives: (1) to determine the gravitational effect on the measurement of nucleation and growth rates near a critical point and (2) to investigate the A nucleation process in supercritical fluids to aid in the evaluation and development of existing rheoretical models and practical applications. A nucleation pulse method will be employed for this investigation using a rapid expansion to a supersaturated state that is maintained for {approx}1 followed by a rapid recompression to a less supersaturated state that effectively terminates nucleation while permitting growth continue. Nucleation, which occurs during the initial supersaturated state, is decoupled from growth by producing rapid pressure changes. Thermodynamic analysis, condensation modeling, apparatus design, and optical diagnostic design necessary for the initiation of a theoretical and experimental investigation of naphthalene nucleation from supercritical CO{sub 2} have been completed

Closing in on the properties of antihydrogen

Conference review, with some speculation in the closing section

Identification of screwworm species by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in polymerase chain reaction amplified fragments (PCR-RFLP) of mitochondrial DNA were used to differentiate species of New World screwworms (Diptera : Calliphoridae) . Twenty-seven restriction enzymes were screened on five regions of mtDNA . Eleven restriction fragment length patterns differentiated New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), from secondary screwworm, Cochliomyia macellaria (F.) . Five restriction fragment length patterns were polymorphic in C. hominivorax while all fragment patterns were fixed in C. macellaria. Diagnostic restriction fragment length patterns were used for species diagnosis, whereas intraspecific variable patterns were used to characterize field samples and laboratory strains . The PCR-RFLP technique is flexible with regard to developmental stage of the sample and method of preservation . We were able to characterize specimens of all life stages from egg to adult including larvae preserved in alcohol and pinned adults . PCR-RFLP is rapid and inexpensive, enabling specimens to be characterized within 24 h for less than $2 .50

Search for multimessenger sources of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos with Advanced LIGO during its first observing run, ANTARES, and IceCube

Astrophysical sources of gravitational waves, such as binary neutron star and black hole mergers or core-collapse supernovae, can drive relativistic outflows, giving rise to non-thermal high-energy emission. High-energy neutrinos are signatures of such outflows. The detection of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos from common sources could help establish the connection between the dynamics of the progenitor and the properties of the outflow. We searched for associated emission of gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos from astrophysical transients with minimal assumptions using data from Advanced LIGO from its first observing run O1, and data from the Antares and IceCube neutrino observatories from the same time period. We focused on candidate events whose astrophysical origins could not be determined from a single messenger. We found no significant coincident candidate, which we used to constrain the rate density of astrophysical sources dependent on their gravitational-wave and neutrino emission processes