15,103 research outputs found
Collapse of Flexible Polyelectrolytes in Multivalent Salt Solutions
The collapse of flexible polyelectrolytes in a solution of multivalent
counterions is studied by means of a two state model. The states correspond to
rod-like and spherically collapsed conformations respectively. We focus on the
very dilute monomer concentration regime where the collapse transition is found
to occur when the charge of the multivalent salt is comparable (but smaller) to
that of the monomers. The main contribution to the free energy of the collapsed
conformation is linear in the number of monomers , since the internal state
of the collapsed polymer approaches that of an amorphous ionic solid. The free
energy of the rod-like state grows as , due to the electrostatic energy
associated with that shape. We show that practically all multivalent
counterions added to the system are condensed into the polymer chain, even
before the collapse.Comment: LaTeX-revtex, psfig file, 4 figure
Clinkering and hydration study of non-active and active Belite-Alite-Ye'elimite (BAY) cements
The aim of AIM is to promote industry-driven, interdisciplinary research in material science and engineering in order to provide leading-edge, sustainable solutions to the challenges facing engineers in today’s changing society and environment. http://www.ucl.ac.uk/aim/conference-info/37ccsThe manufacturing process of ye'elimite rich cements emit about 15-37% less CO2 to the atmosphere than OPC. Cements that contain belite, ye’elimite and ferrite, known as BYF cements, are promising eco-friendly binders. However, belite, their main phase, shows a slow hydrating behaviour; therefore the corresponding mortars present lower mechanical strengths than OPC at early ages. To solve this problem, BYF clinkers can be activated by: i) forming alite jointly with belite and ye’elimite during clinkering, known as BAY clinkers. The alite and ye’elimite reaction with water should develop high mechanical strengths at early ages, besides, belite contributes to later curing times. ii) A second activation is based on the stabilisation of alpha forms of belite by dopants. The objective of this work is to obtain two types of BAY clinkers (standard and active BAY) using CaF2 as mineraliser and borax as dopant agent to stabilize alpha forms of belite phase. After that, anhydrite was added as sulphate source to obtain the corresponding cements. The hydration behaviour of these cements has been studied through rheological and x-ray diffraction measurements, the latter combined with Rietveld quantitative phase analysis. In addition, mechanical and dimensional properties of BAY mortars are also presented and discussed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
Spin-Phonon Coupling in Iron Pnictide Superconductors
The magnetic moment in the parent phase of the iron-pnictide superconductors
varies with composition even when the nominal charge of iron is unchanged. We
propose the spin-lattice coupling due to the magneto-volume effect as the
primary origin of this effect, and formulate a Landau theory to describe the
dependence of the moment to the Fe-As layer separation. We then compare the
superconductive critical temperature of doped iron pnictides to the local
moment predicted by the theory, and suggest that the spin-phonon coupling may
play a role in the superconductivity of this compound
Comment on `Strong Vortex Liquid Correlation' from Multiterminal Measurements on Untwinned YBaCuO Single Crystals'
A.Rydh and \"O.Rapp [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 86}, 1873 (2001).] claim that the
vortex liquid in untwinned YBaCuO crystals is correlated
above the melting transition, in striking contrast to previous work [D.L\'opez
{\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 76}, 4034 (1996).]. In this Comment we
present new measurements using the same experimental technique on twinned and
untwinned YBaCuO crystals with similar overall
characteristics as those reported by Rydh and Rapp . The comparison of the
vortex correlation response in both cases indicates that the central conclusion
of their work is not correct. Our results reconfirm the work by L\'opez {\it et
al.} and points on the origin of the misinterpretation in the work of Rydh and
Rapp.Comment: comment on A.Rydh and \"O.Rapp, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 86}, 1873
(2001). accepted in Phys. Rev. Let
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