7,354 research outputs found
Low-temperature specific heat of real crystals: Possibility of leading contribution of optical and short-wavelength acoustical vibrations
We point out that the repeatedly reported glass-like properties of
crystalline materials are not necessarily associated with localized (or
quasilocalized) excitations. In real crystals, optical and short-wavelength
acoustical vibrations remain damped due to defects down to zero temperature. If
such a damping is frequency-independent, e.g. due to planar defects or charged
defects, these optical and short-wavelength acoustical vibrations yield a
linear-in- contribution to the low-temperature specific heat of the crystal
lattices. At low enough temperatures such a contribution will prevail over that
of the long-wavelength acoustical vibrations (Debye contribution). The
crossover between the linear and the Debye regime takes place at , where is the concentration of the defects responsible for the
damping. Estimates show that this crossover could be observable.Comment: 5 pages. v4: Error in Appendix corrected, which does not change the
main results of the pape
An asymptotic form of the reciprocity theorem with applications in x-ray scattering
The emission of electromagnetic waves from a source within or near a
non-trivial medium (with or without boundaries, crystalline or amorphous, with
inhomogeneities, absorption and so on) is sometimes studied using the
reciprocity principle. This is a variation of the method of Green's functions.
If one is only interested in the asymptotic radiation fields the generality of
these methods may actually be a shortcoming: obtaining expressions valid for
the uninteresting near fields is not just a wasted effort but may be
prohibitively difficult. In this work we obtain a modified form the reciprocity
principle which gives the asymptotic radiation field directly. The method may
be used to obtain the radiation from a prescribed source, and also to study
scattering problems. To illustrate the power of the method we study a few
pedagogical examples and then, as a more challenging application we tackle two
related problems. We calculate the specular reflection of x rays by a rough
surface and by a smoothly graded surface taking polarization effects into
account. In conventional treatments of reflection x rays are treated as scalar
waves, polarization effects are neglected. This is a good approximation at
grazing incidence but becomes increasingly questionable for soft x rays and UV
at higher incidence angles.
PACs: 61.10.Dp, 61.10.Kw, 03.50.DeComment: 19 pages, 4 figure
Organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of interethnic and interreligious tolerance of high school students in the process of teaching social science subjects
© 2017. revistaESPACIOS.com. Interethnic and interreligious tolerance are multifarious socio-psychological phenomena of interethnic and interreligious interaction. These types of tolerance serve as a characteristic feature of the social development of a multi-ethnic society. This situation is also typical for Russian society. Due to the processes of globalization, the ethnic diversity of specific countries is sure to grow. This expansion can hamper the processes of intergroup and interpersonal interaction of representatives of various ethnic groups and confessions and provoke conflict situations. Evidently, starting from school stage, it is important to form interethnic and interreligious tolerance in polyethnic societies, to which Russia belongs. The article presents the theoretical analysis of the concepts of "interethnic tolerance" and "interreligious tolerance", specifies the place of curricula of social science subjects in their formation, analyzes the results of the introduction of an elective social science course to the study of interethnic and interreligious tolerance, and determines the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the successful formation of interethnic and interreligious tolerance
Electromagnetic wave refraction at an interface of a double wire medium
Plane-wave reflection and refraction at an interface with a double wire
medium is considered. The problem of additional boundary conditions (ABC) in
application to wire media is discussed and an ABC-free approach, known in the
solid state physics, is used. Expressions for the fields and Poynting vectors
of the refracted waves are derived. Directions and values of the power density
flow of the refracted waves are found and the conservation of the power flow
through the interface is checked. The difference between the results, given by
the conventional model of wire media and the model, properly taking into
account spatial dispersion, is discussed.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figure
Discretized rotation has infinitely many periodic orbits
For a fixed k in (-2,2), the discretized rotation on Z^2 is defined by
(x,y)->(y,-[x+ky]). We prove that this dynamics has infinitely many periodic
orbits.Comment: Revised after referee reports, and added a quantitative statemen
Canonical transformations of the time for the Toda lattice and the Holt system
For the Toda lattice and the Holt system we consider properties of canonical
transformations of the extended phase space, which preserve integrability. The
separated variables are invariant under change of the time. On the other hand,
mapping of the time induces transformations of the action-angles variables and
a shift of the generating function of the B\"{a}cklund transformation.Comment: LaTeX2e, +amssymb.cls, 8
Channel spaser
We show that net amplification of surface plasmons is achieved in channel in
a metal plate due to nonradiative excitation by quantum dots. This makes
possible lossless plasmon transmission lines in the channel as well as the
amplification and generation of coherent surface plasmons. As an example, a
ring channel spaser is considered
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