PROFILOWANIE PRAWNO-JĘZYKOWE W OSADZENIU INSTYTUCJONALNYM – NA PRZYKŁADZIE PRACOWNICZYCH ORGANÓW PRZEDSTAWICIELSKICH W UE

This paper applies a structured legal-linguistic profiling approach to EU “staff representation bodies” as a way to access domains that lie behind the public face of EU institutions and their texts concerning translation, language and terminology. The study commences with a legal-linguistic analysis of EU texts for references to “staff”, “staff representation” and “employment” in order to identify specific texts and bodies of relevance to the study. This approach leads to two broad categories: staff committees and trade unions. Information is sought from EU institutions about these bodies and their translation and language arrangements, and a list is made of websites available to the general public. These sites are then examined as part of the legal-linguistic profiling approach.W niniejszym artykule zastosowano ustrukturyzowane podejście do profilowania prawno-językowego do „unijnych organów reprezentujących pracowników” jako sposobu dostępu do obszarów poza oficjalnym obliczem instytucji UE oraz ich tekstów dotyczących tłumaczeń, języka i terminologii. Badanie rozpoczyna się od analizy prawno-językowej tekstów UE pod kątem odniesień do „pracowników”, „reprezentacji pracowników” i „zatrudnienia” w celu zidentyfikowania konkretnych tekstów i organów mających znaczenie dla badania. Takie podejście prowadzi do dwóch kategorii, ujmowanych szeroko: komitetów pracowniczych i związków zawodowych. Instytucje UE poszukują informacji na temat tych organów oraz ich tłumaczeń i ustaleń językowych. Sporządzono także listę stron internetowych dostępnych dla ogółu społeczeństwa, które następnie są badane w ramach profilowania prawno-językowego

Direct Manipulation-like Tools for Designing Intelligent Virtual Agents

If intelligent virtual agents are to become widely adopted it is vital that they can be designed using the user friendly graphical tools that are used in other areas of graphics. However, extending this sort of tool to autonomous, interactive behaviour, an area with more in common with artificial intelligence, is not trivial. This paper discusses the issues involved in creating user-friendly design tools for IVAs and proposes an extension of the direct manipulation methodology to IVAs. It also presents an initial implementation of this methodology

Language models and probability of relevance

this document; the equation then represents the probability that the document that the user had in mind was in fact this one. Hiemstra [1] gives the same equation a slightly di#erent justification. The basic assumption is the same (the user is assumed to have a specific document in mind and to generate the query on the basis of this document), but instead of smoothing, the user is assumed to assign a binary importance value to each term position in the query. An important term-position is filled with a term from the document; a non-important one is filled with a general language term. If we define # i = P(term position i is important), then we get P (D, T 1 , T 2 , . . . , T n ) = P (D) n # i=1 ((1 - # i )P (T i ) +&lt

Two approaches to a portable color-measuring system

Descriptions of portable spectrophotometer and reflectometer for color measuremen

The predictive space or if x predicts y, what does y tell us about x?

A predictive regression for yt and a time series representation of the predictors, xt, together imply a univariate reduced form for yt. In this paper we work backwards, and ask: if we observe yt, what do its univariate properties tell us about any xt in the "predictive space" consistent with those properties? We provide a mathematical characterisation of the predictive space and certain of its derived properties. We derive both a lower and an upper bound for the R2 for any predictive regression for yt. We also show that for some empirically relevant univariate properties of yt, the entire predictive space can be very tightly constrained. We illustrate using Stock and Watson's (2007) univariate representation of inflation