The role of machine learning in identification of early gestational diabetes mellitus prediction models

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) is a condition in which carbohydrate intolerance develops during pregnancy. The estimated prevalence of GDM ranges from less than 1% to 28% and is commonly diagnosed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. Untreated GDM represents a severe threat to the affected women and their offspring. Machine learning (ML) is a computer science discipline focused on algorithms that improve automatically through experience to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed to do so

Locomotor system of pigs as a health problem in sows and boars

The problems with the musculoskeletal system in all categories of pigs are common at industrial swine farms representing one of the major issues leading to exclusion of sows and boars from the production process. Topographic-anatomic relationships of bone and joint system of pigs make the diagnosis diffi cult in cases of illness affecting the upper parts of the limbs, pelvis and spine. In most cases, the presenting clinical sign is lameness, the cause of which can be determined only by a careful clinical examination. Lameness is a multifactorial problem that includes nutrition, poor horn quality, trauma, infection scale of housing and walking surface. At two industrial swine farms, presence of disease of locomotor systems was monitored in sows and boars. Occurrence of mechanical lesions in distal parts of limbs that are probably incurred as a result of inadequate storage space was established. Occurrence of arthritis in large number of animals was also established. The appearance of aseptic pododermatitis was also represented. Disorders of the locomotion system in the boars imported from the European Union were also followed at the farm. Of the 40 imported boars, annually between 6 and 7 boars develop acropodial problems. Over a year 3-4 boars are excluded from the reproduction due to the above problems. In most of boars problems occur after the fi rst jump as result of weak cartilage ossifi cation of the femoral bone, as a condition resulting from disturbed calcium, phosphorous and vitamin D ratio. Locomotion system diseases in sows and boars cause economic losses at pig farms.Proceeding

Size-segregated concentration of heavy metals in an urban aerosol of the Balkans region (Belgrade)

This work focuses on the heavy metals contents of the size-segregated urban aerosol of the continental area of Balkans. The distribution of nano/micron heavy metals in the size-segregated urban aerosol of Belgrade center was studied during the summer–autumn of 2008. The particle size distribution in the size ranges Dp ≤ 0.49 μm, 0.49 ≤ Dp ≤ 0.95 μm, 0.95 ≤ Dp ≤ 1.5 μm, 1.5 ≤ Dp ≤ 3.0 μm, 3.0 ≤ Dp ≤ 7.2 μm and Dp ≥ 7.2 μm was measured. The aerosol samples were submitted to gravimetric and chemical analyses. The obtained mean mass concentration of the PM fractions was in accordance with an urban aerosol distribution. The aerosol mass concentrations were determined by gravimetric measurements (mGM) and, for heavy metals analyzed by ICP/MS

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARASTERISTIC OF URBAN AEROSOL OF CENTRAL BALKANS (BELGRADE)

Size-segregated urban aerosol of Belgrade center (44049'14''N, 20027'44''E) was studied during the summer-autumn 2008. The representative location in traffic area Studentski trg was chosen for investigating physical and chemical characteristics of collected particles. Particle size distribution in the size range Dp £ 0.49 µm, 0.49 £ Dp £ 0.95 µm, 0.95 £ Dp £ 1.5 µm, 1.5 £ Dp £ 3.0 µm, 3.0 £ Dp £ 7.2 µm and Dp ³ 7.2 µm were measured. Aerosol samples were submitted to gravimetric SEM analysis. The shape, size and chemical composition of the fine and coarse particles were analyzed. The imaging was carried out by SEM (Nova NanoSEM 230, FEI, USA). The same SEM was also used for the EDX measurements performed. The particles collected on fiber filters for SEM imaging were further on coated with 4 nm Pt layer to improve conductivity of the samples. The morphological and chemical composition suggested that the most abundant particles were carbonaceous soot but also microbes and natural and anthropogenic inorganic mineral materials. The chemical characterization was performed on a semi-quantitative level. The contents of the carbon were up to 70% or higher. In the samples were dominating next others elements: O, Mo, Si, Fe, Ca, Al, K, Mg

Evaluation of heavy metal removal efficiency from aqueous solutions and industrial wastewater using sunflower seed husk as a biosorbent

U ovom radu korišćena je ljuska suncokreta za procenu efikasnosti uklanjanja teških metala iz vodenih rastvora. Na samom početku optimizovani su uslovi maksimalne adsorpcije teških metala u funkciji pH rastvora i vremena kontakta. Nakon toga, određena je efikasnost uklanjanja Ni iz uzorka otpadne vode korišćenjem suncokretove ljuske kao biosorbenta spektroskopijom laserski indukovane plazme (LIBS) i standardnom spektrohemijskom ICP-OES metodom. Rezultati su upoređeni, a dobijene vrednosti su u opsegu granica nesigurnosti LIBS metode.In this work, the sunflower husk was used to evaluate the removal efficiency of heavy metals from an aqueous solution. Firstly, the condition for maximum adsorption of heavy metals is optimized as a function of pH and contact time. Тhereafter, the removal efficiency of Ni from the industrial wastewater by the usage of the sunflower husk as a biosorbent was evaluated by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and by the standard spectrochemical ICP-OES method. The values obtained by these two methods were compared and the results are within the uncertainty of the LIBS method.58th Meeting of the Serbian Chemical Society; June 9-10, 2022, Belgrade, Serbia

To Professor Petar Pfendt, In calidum, et plurium retributivus memoriae: FTIR-ATR analysis of post stamps of the Principality of Serbia issued in 1866 and 1868 and their forgeries

In order to further define the potential use of FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, as a non-destructive and reliable technique, for the analysis of the characteristics of post stamps, certified originals of the Principality of Serbia stamps (“Prince Michael issues”) issued in 1866 and 1868 as well as their forgeries were ana­lyzed. Spectra enabling the comparison of the paper, dye and glue of stamps of so-called “Vienna issues”, having denominations of 10 (orange-yellow), 20 (pink) and 40 para (blue) and “Belgrade issues” (1 para-green and 2 para-reddish brown), as well as 24 expert-certified forgeries, were taken. It was shown that the applied technology was, in most of the cases, a fast and suitable technique for establishing clear differences between the spectral characteristics of the paper and dye used for the original stamps, and forgeries that were most probably made decades after the printing of the genuine stamps. The differences between print­ings of the same issues of the genuine stamps were also elaborated. It is pro­posed, for the first time in philatelic history, the possibility that “Vienna issues” stamps may have been printed on two different papers, and, having in mind the technology of printing in the 19th century, potentially, not even at the same time or in the same printing house

Trace elements in size-segregated urban aerosol in relation to the anthropogenic emission sources and the resuspension

Size segregated particulate samples of atmospheric aerosols in urban site of continental part of Balkans were collected during 6 months in 2008. Six stages impactor in the size ranges: Dp ≤ 0.49 μm, 0.49 < Dp ≤ 0.95 μm, 0.95 < Dp ≤ 1.5 μm, 1.5 < Dp ≤ 3.0 μm, 3.0 < Dp ≤ 7.2 μm, and 7.2 < Dp ≤ 10.0 μm was applied for sampling. ICP-MS was used to quantify elements: Al, As, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, K, Li, Na, Ni, Mg, Mn, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn. Two main groups of elements were investigated: (1) K, V, Ni, Zn, Pb, As, and Cd with high domination in nuclei mode indicating the combustion processes as a dominant sources and (2) Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na, Cr, Ga, Co, and Li in coarse mode indicating mechanical processes as their main origin. The strictly crustal origin is for Mg, Fe, Ca, and Co while for As, Cd, K, V, Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn dominates the anthropogenic influence. The PCA analysis has shown that main contribution is of resuspension (PC1, σ2 ≈ 30 %) followed by traffic (PC2, σ2 ≈ 20 %) that are together contributing around 50 % of elements in the investigated urban aerosol. The EF model shows that major origin of Cd, K, V, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in the fine mode is from the anthropogenic sources while increase of their contents in the coarse particles indicates their deposition from the atmosphere and soil contamination. This approach is useful for the assessment of the local resuspension influence on element’s contents in the aerosol and also for the evaluation of the historical pollution of soil caused by deposition of metals from the atmosphere