135 research outputs found
Microscopic origin of diagonal stripe phases in doped nickelates
We investigate the electron density distribution and the stability of stripe
phases in the realistic two-band model with hopping elements between e_g
orbitals at Ni sites on the square lattice, and compare these results with
those obtained for the doubly degenerate Hubbard model with two equivalent
orbitals and diagonal hopping. For both models we determine the stability
regions of filled and half-filled stripe phases for increasing hole doping
x=2-n in the range of x<0.4, using Hartree-Fock approximation for large
clusters. In the parameter range relevant to the nickelates, we obtain the most
stable diagonal stripe structures with filling of nearly one hole per atom, as
observed experimentally. In contrast, for the doubly degenerate Hubbard model
the most stable stripes are somewhat reminiscent of the cuprates, with
half-filled atoms at the domain wall sites. This difference elucidates the
crucial role of the off-diagonal e_g hopping terms for the stripe formation in
La_2-xSr_xNiO_4. The influence of crystal field is discussed as well.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figure
Precompact noncompact reflexive abelian groups
We present a series of examples of precompact, noncompact, reflexive
topological Abelian groups. Some of them are pseudocompact or even countably
compact, but we show that there exist precompact non-pseudocompact reflexive
groups as well. It is also proved that every pseudocompact Abelian group is a
quotient of a reflexive pseudocompact group with respect to a closed reflexive
pseudocompact subgroup
The Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice: from static and dynamical mean-field theories to lattice quantum Monte Carlo simulations
We study the one-band Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice using a
combination of quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations and static as well as
dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). This model is known to show a quantum phase
transition between a Dirac semi-metal and the antiferromagnetic insulator. The
aim of this article is to provide a detailed comparison between these
approaches by computing static properties, notably ground-state energy,
single-particle gap, double occupancy, and staggered magnetization, as well as
dynamical quantities such as the single-particle spectral function. At the
static mean-field level local moments cannot be generated without breaking the
SU(2) spin symmetry. The DMFT approximation accounts for temporal fluctuations,
thus captures both the evolution of the double occupancy and the resulting
local moment formation in the paramagnetic phase. As a consequence, the DMFT
approximation is found to be very accurate in the Dirac semi-metallic phase
where local moment formation is present and the spin correlation length small.
However, in the vicinity of the fermion quantum critical point the spin
correlation length diverges and the spontaneous SU(2) symmetry breaking leads
to low-lying Goldstone modes in the magnetically ordered phase. The impact of
these spin fluctuations on the single-particle spectral function --
\textit{waterfall} features and narrow spin-polaron bands -- is only visible in
the lattice QMC approach.Comment: 10 pages + appendix on the structure of the self energy; 5 figure
Model study of adsorbed metallic quantum dots: Na on Cu(111)
We model electronic properties of the second monolayer Na adatom islands
(quantum dots) on the Cu(111) surface covered homogeneously by the first Na
monolayer. An axially-symmetric three-dimensional jellium model, taking into
account the effects due to the first Na monolayer and the Cu substrate, has
been developed. The electronic structure is solved within the local-density
approximation of the density-functional theory using a real-space multigrid
method. The model enables the study of systems consisting of thousands of
Na-atoms. The results for the local density of states are compared with
differential conductance () spectra and constant current topographs from
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures. For better quality figures, download
http://www.fyslab.hut.fi/~tto/cylart1.pd
Electronic resonance states in metallic nanowires during the breaking process simulated with the ultimate jellium model
We investigate the elongation and breaking process of metallic nanowires
using the ultimate jellium model in self-consistent density-functional
calculations of the electron structure. In this model the positive background
charge deforms to follow the electron density and the energy minimization
determines the shape of the system. However, we restrict the shape of the wires
by assuming rotational invariance about the wire axis. First we study the
stability of infinite wires and show that the quantum mechanical
shell-structure stabilizes the uniform cylindrical geometry at given magic
radii. Next, we focus on finite nanowires supported by leads modeled by
freezing the shape of a uniform wire outside the constriction volume. We
calculate the conductance during the elongation process using the adiabatic
approximation and the WKB transmission formula. We also observe the correlated
oscillations of the elongation force. In different stages of the elongation
process two kinds of electronic structures appear: one with extended states
throughout the wire and one with an atom-cluster like unit in the constriction
and with well localized states. We discuss the origin of these structures.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure
First test of a partial Siberian snake for acceleration of polarized protons
We recently studied the first acceleration of a spin‐polarized proton beam through a depolarizing resonance using a partial Siberian snake. We accelerated polarized protons from 95 to 140 MeV with a constant 10% partial Siberian snake obtained using rampable solenoids. The 10% partial snake suppressed all observable depolarization during acceleration due to the Gγ=2 imperfection depolarizing resonance which occurred near 108 MeV. However, 20% and 30% partial Siberian snakes apparently moved an intrinsic depolarizing resonance, normally near 177 MeV, into our energy range; this caused some interesting, although not‐yet‐fully understood, depolarization. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87483/2/85_1.pd
Analysis of Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering in Stripe-Ordered Nickelate
We analyze theoretically the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) at
the Ni K edge in the stripe-ordered state of La_{2-x}Sr_xNiO_4 at x=1/3. In the
calculation of RIXS spectra, the stripe-ordered ground state is described
within the Hartree-Fock approximation by using a realistic tight-binding model
for Ni3d\gamma and O2p_{x, y} orbitals, and the electron correlations in the
electronic excitation processes are taken into account within the random-phase
approximation. The calculated RIXS spectrum shows a tail toward the low-energy
region when the momentum transfer of photons equals the stripe vector Q, being
consistent with a recent experimental result. The origin of this anomalous
momentum dependence of RIXS spectra is discussed microscopically.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures. Published version in J. Phys. Soc. Jp
Dislocations and vortices in pair density wave superconductors
With the ground breaking work of the Fulde, Ferell, Larkin, and Ovchinnikov
(FFLO), it was realized that superconducting order can also break translational
invariance; leading to a phase in which the Cooper pairs develop a coherent
periodic spatially oscillating structure. Such pair density wave (PDW)
superconductivity has become relevant in a diverse range of systems, including
cuprates, organic superconductors, heavy fermion superconductors, cold atoms,
and high density quark matter. Here we show that, in addition to charge density
wave (CDW) order, there are PDW ground states that induce spin density wave
(SDW) order when there is no applied magnetic field. Furthermore, we show that
PDW phases support topological defects that combine dislocations in the induced
CDW/SDW order with a fractional vortex in the usual superconducting order.
These defects provide a mechanism for fluctuation driven non-superconducting
CDW/SDW phases and conventional vortices with CDW/SDW order in the core.Comment: 6 pages,1 figure, 1 tabl
Offline Memory Reprocessing: Involvement of the Brain's Default Network in Spontaneous Thought Processes
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous thought processes (STPs), also called daydreaming or mind-wandering, occur ubiquitously in daily life. However, the functional significance of STPs remains largely unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we first identified an STPs-network whose activity was positively correlated with the subjects' tendency of having STPs during a task-free state. The STPs-network was then found to be strongly associated with the default network, which has previously been established as being active during the task-free state. Interestingly, we found that offline reprocessing of previously memorized information further increased the activity of the STPs-network regions, although during a state with less STPs. In addition, we found that the STPs-network kept a dynamic balance between functional integration and functional separation among its component regions to execute offline memory reprocessing in STPs. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: These findings strengthen a view that offline memory reprocessing and STPs share the brain's default network, and thus implicate that offline memory reprocessing may be a predetermined function of STPs. This supports the perspective that memory can be consolidated and modified during STPs, and thus gives rise to a dynamic behavior dependent on both previous external and internal experiences
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