6,532 research outputs found
Modeling of "groove" rolling defect on internal surface of pipes at lengthwise rolling
The research has been conducted in pipe forming at rolling off by lengthwise rolling mill with stub mandrel; the patterns of change in dimensionless parameters were determined, which characterize deformation in side angle depending on http://www.multitran.ru/c/m.exe?t=424995_2_1elongation ratio. The model of formation of lengthwise groove on internal surface of pipes has been proposed
Landau quantization and neutron emissions by nuclei in the crust of a magnetar
Magnetars are neutron stars endowed with surface magnetic fields of the order
of ~G, and with presumably much stronger fields in their
interior. As a result of Landau quantization of electron motion, the
neutron-drip transition in the crust of a magnetar is shifted to either higher
or lower densities depending on the magnetic field strength. The impact of
nuclear uncertainties is explored considering the recent series of
Brussels-Montreal microscopic nuclear mass models. All these models are based
on the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method with generalized Skyrme functionals. They
differ in their predictions for the symmetry energy coefficient at saturation,
and for the stiffness of the neutron-matter equation of state. For comparison,
we have also considered the very accurate but more phenomenological model of
Duflo and Zuker. Although the equilibrium composition of the crust of a
magnetar and the onset of neutron emission are found to be model dependent, the
quantum oscillations of the threshold density are essentially universal.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
Space-Time Description of Scalar Particle Creation by a Homogeneous Isotropic Gravitational Field
We give the generalization of the method of the space-time description of
particle creation by a gravitational field for a scalar field with nonconformal
coupling to the curvature. The space-time correlation function is obtained for
a created pair of the quasi-particles, corresponding to a diagonal form of the
instantaneous Hamiltonian. The case of an adiabatic change of the metric of
homogeneous isotropic space is analyzed. We show that the created pairs of
quasi-particles in de Sitter space should be interpreted as pairs of virtual
particles.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure
Polarization of Thermal X-rays from Isolated Neutron Stars
Since the opacity of a magnetized plasma depends on polarization of
radiation, the radiation emergent from atmospheres of neutron stars with strong
magnetic fields is expected to be strongly polarized. The degree of linear
polarization, typically ~10-30%, depends on photon energy, effective
temperature and magnetic field. The spectrum of polarization is more sensitive
to the magnetic field than the spectrum of intensity. Both the degree of
polarization and the position angle vary with the neutron star rotation period
so that the shape of polarization pulse profiles depends on the orientation of
the rotational and magnetic axes. Moreover, as the polarization is
substantially modified by the general relativistic effects, observations of
polarization of X-ray radiation from isolated neutron stars provide a new
method for evaluating the mass-to-radius ratio of these objects, which is
particularly important for elucidating the properties of the superdense matter
in the neutron star interiors.Comment: 7 figures, to be published in Ap
EAS spectrum in the primary energy region above 10 to the 15th power eV by the Akeno and Yakutsk array data
The extensive air showers spectrum on scintillation desity Rko in primary energy region E sub approx. 10 to the 15th power - 10 to the 20th power eV on the Yakutsk array data and recent results of the Akeno is given
Spin-Kick Correlation in Neutron Stars: Alignment Conditions and Implications
Recent observations of pulsar wind nebulae and radio polarization profiles
revealed a tendency of the alignment between the spin and velocity directions
in neutron stars. We study the condition for spin-kick alignment using a toy
model, in which the kick consists of many off-centered, randomly-oriented
thrusts. Both analytical considerations and numerical simulations indicate that
spin-kick alignment cannot be easily achieved if the proto-neutron star does
not possess some initial angular momentum, contrary to some previous claims. To
obtain the observed spin-kick misalignment angle distribution, the initial spin
period of the neutron star must be smaller than the kick timescale. Typically,
an initial period of a hundred milliseconds or less is required.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures. Accepted by Ap
Fluctuations of development maximum depth and nuclear composition of primary cosmic radiation
The extensive air showers (EAS) cascade curves from the Cerenkov light lateral distribution measurements are recovered and the maximum depth fluctuations of the shower development theta x sub m both on the Cerenkov and charged EAS components are defined. At E sub 0 approximates 10 to the 18th power eV the mean content of protons is greater than 85%, and p-air cross section theta sub 0 p-air 750mb
Game On? Smoking Cessation Through the Gamification of mHealth: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study
BACKGROUND: Finding ways to increase and sustain engagement with mHealth interventions has become a challenge during application development. While gamification shows promise and has proven effective in many fields, critical questions remain concerning how to use gamification to modify health behavior. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate how the gamification of mHealth interventions leads to a change in health behavior, specifically with respect to smoking cessation. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative longitudinal study using a sample of 16 smokers divided into 2 cohorts (one used a gamified intervention and the other used a nongamified intervention). Each participant underwent 4 semistructured interviews over a period of 5 weeks. Semistructured interviews were also conducted with 4 experts in gamification, mHealth, and smoking cessation. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis undertaken. RESULTS: Results indicated perceived behavioral control and intrinsic motivation acted as positive drivers to game engagement and consequently positive health behavior. Importantly, external social influences exerted a negative effect. We identified 3 critical factors, whose presence was necessary for game engagement: purpose (explicit purpose known by the user), user alignment (congruency of game and user objectives), and functional utility (a well-designed game). We summarize these findings in a framework to guide the future development of gamified mHealth interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Gamification holds the potential for a low-cost, highly effective mHealth solution that may replace or supplement the behavioral support component found in current smoking cessation programs. The framework reported here has been built on evidence specific to smoking cessation, however it can be adapted to health interventions in other disease categories. Future research is required to evaluate the generalizability and effectiveness of the framework, directly against current behavioral support therapy interventions in smoking cessation and beyond
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