7 research outputs found
Effect of different levels of customized fertilizer on soil nutrient availability, yield and economics of onion
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of customized fertilizer (CF) on soil nutrient availability, yield and economics of onion. The results revealed that the significantly highest plant height (57.77cm), stem diameter (6.03cm) and bulb diameter (15.13cm) at the time of harvest, fertilizer use efficiency,bulb yield (22.34 t ha-1) and benefit:cost ratio (2.56) of onion were recorded in 100 % recommended dose of NPK through CF in three equal split doses. The significantly highest available nitrogen (213 kg ha-1), phosphorus (14.42 kg ha-1) were recorded in 125 % recommended dose of NPK through CF in two equal split doses and available K (804 kg ha-1) in 100 % recommended dose of NPK through CF in three equal split doses over the rest of the other treatments. The application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (100:50:50 N:P2O5:K20 kg ha-1) either two or three splits through CF to onion appears to be improving soil fertility, yield and yield contributing character of onion and getting higher net monetary returns
G × E interactions in QTL introgression lines of Spanish-type groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Multi-environment testing at five locations
for rust and late leaf spot (LLS) resistance with
41 introgressed lines (ILs) bred using marker-assisted
backcross breeding in the genetic background Spanish-
type groundnut varieties identified significant
genotype, and genotype 9 environment interactions
(GEI) for LLS disease resistance and yield parameters.
Significant GEI effects suggest the need to identify location specific breeding lines to achieve gains in pod
yield and LLS resistance. The observed variable LLS
disease reaction among the ILs in part suggests
influence of background genotype on the level of
resistance. A breeding scheme with early generation
selection using molecular markers followed by phenotyping
for LLS, and multi-location testing of fixed
breeding lines was optimized to enhance selection
intensity and accuracy in groundnut breeding. The ILs,
ICGVs 14431, 14436 and 14438 with pooled LLS
score at 90 DAS of 3.5–3.7 were superior to respective
recurrent parent for pod yield, with early maturing
similar to recurrent parents. The pod yield advantage in ILs is attributed by more number of pods, besides
resistance to LLS that contributes to better filling
Molecular breeding tools improved drought tolerant groundnut variety for resistance to foliar fungal diseases
A largely rainfed crop in India, drought tolerance, particularly
mid- and end-season tolerance, is a key trait in groundnut
varieties. A combination of both empirical and trait-based
approaches was used in breeding programs of ICAR and ICRISAT,
resulting in release of few tolerant varieties that have
superior pod yield under drought stress and/or have enhanced
water-use-efficiency. There is a need to breed varieties with
drought tolerance, disease resistance and quality traits that suit
different production ecologies as well as meet the needs of the
farmers, consumers and industries. ICRISAT has released an
early-maturing (90-95 d) and drought- tolerant variety ICGV
91114 for the drought-prone Ananthapur district of Andhra
Pradesh, India, where about 0.7 m ha area is under groundnut
cultivation and has low (300 mm) and erratic (30-40 rainy
days) rainfall. On-farm studies conducted with ICGV 91114
during 2008-10 showed 30% reduction in yield variability over
the years. Following screening in hot-spots of both rust and LLS
disease during 2014 rainy season, a total of 27 introgression
lines derived from ICGV 91114 were selected and advanced for
evaluation in multi-location trials at six locations in 2015 under
rainfed conditions. Based on the pod yield under rainfed conditions
and disease resistance, three superior introgression lines
(ICGV 14410, ICGV 13189, ICGV 14421) were proposed for the
first-ever NILs trial (near-isogenic lines trial) along with eight
others conducted under All India Coordinated Research Project
on Groundnut (AICRP-G) at national level
Not Available
Success Story of Scientific Technological Interventions made under Tribal Sub Plan ProjectSuccess Story of Scientific Technological Interventions made under Tribal Sub Plan ProjectNot Availabl
Not Available
Not AvailableLong-term field experiments were conducted at Agra, Solapur and Hisar from 2000 to 2008 to identify
efficient tillage and nutrient management practices and to develop predictive models that would describe
the relationship between crop yields and monthly rainfall for rainfed pearl millet grown on arid and
semi-aridInceptisol, Vertisol and Aridisol soils. Nine treatments comprising a factorial combination of
three tillage practices, viz., conventional tillage (CT), low tillage + interculture (LT1) and low tillage +
herbicide (LT2) and three fertilizer treatments viz., 100% N from an organic source (F1), 50% organic N +
50% inorganic N (F2) and 100% inorganic N (F3) were tested in a split-plot design at the three locations.
Studies revealed that tillage and fertilizer treatments, and their interactions, significantly influenced pearl
millet grain yields at the three locations. Prediction models describing the relation between grain yield
and monthly rainfall indicated that rainfall occurring in June, July and August at Agra; June and July at
Solapur; and June and August at Hisar significantly influenced pearl millet grain yield attained by different
treatments. The R2 values of the model ranged from 0.64 to 0.81 at Agra; 0.63 to 0.92 at Solapur, and
0.75 to 0.89 at Hisar. When averaged over all the treatment combinations, mean pearl millet grain yields
varied from 1590 to 1744 kg ha−1 at Agra; 1424 to 1786 kg ha−1 at Solapur; and 1675 to 1766 kg ha−1
atHisar while their corresponding sustainability yield indice (SYI) varied from 35.4 to 42.2%, 19.9 to
45.6% and 64.1 to 68.3%, respectively. At Agra (Inceptisol), CTF3 resulted in significantly higher mean
net returns (Rs 11 439 ha−1), benefit-cost ratio (2.33), rainwater use efficiency (RWUE) (3.52 kg ha−1
mm−1) and the second best SYI (39.9%). At Solapur (Vertisol), the LT1F3 resulted in significantly higher
net returns (Rs 12 818 ha−1), benefit-cost ratio (3.52), RWUE (3.89 kg ha−1 mm−1) and the fourth best
SYI (42.6%). At Hisar (Aridisol), the LT1F3 treatment gave higher net returns (Rs 3866 ha−1), benefit-cost
ratio (1.26), RWUE (5.05 kg ha−1 mm−1) and the fourth best SYI (67.8%). These treatment combinations
can be recommended for their respective locations to achieve maximum RWUE, productivity and
profitability.Not Availabl
Not Available
Not AvailableMulti-environment testing at five locations for rust and late leaf spot (LLS) resistance with 41 introgressed lines (ILs) bred using marker-assisted backcross breeding in the genetic background Spanish-type groundnut varieties identified significant genotype, and genotype 9 environment interactions (GEI) for LLS disease resistance and yield parameters. Significant GEI effects suggest the need to identify location specific breeding lines to achieve gains in pod yield and LLS resistance. The observed variable LLS disease reaction among the ILs in part suggests influence of background genotype on the level of resistance. A breeding scheme with early generation selection using molecular markers followed by phenotyping for LLS, and multi-location testing of fixed breeding lines was optimized to enhance selection intensity and accuracy in groundnut breeding. The ILs,
ICGVs 14431, 14436 and 14438 with pooled LLS score at 90 DAS of 3.5–3.7 were superior to respective
recurrent parent for pod yield, with early maturing similar to recurrent parents. The pod yield advantage in ILs is attributed by more number of pods, besides resistance to LLS that contributes to better filling.Springe