Unconventional superconductivity in the cage type compound Sc5_5Rh6_6Sn18_{18}

We have examined the superconducting ground state properties of the caged type compound Sc$_5$Rh$_6$Sn$_{18}$ using magnetization, heat capacity, and muon-spin relaxation or rotation ($\mu$SR) measurements. Magnetization measurements indicate type-II superconductivity with an upper critical field $\mu_0H_{c2}(0)$ = 7.24 T. The zero-field cooled and field cooled susceptibility measurements unveil an onset of diamagnetic signal below $T_{\bf c}$ = 4.4 K. The interpretation of the heat capacity results below $T_{\bf c}$ using the $\alpha-$BCS model unveils the value of $\alpha$ = 2.65, which gives the dimensionless ratio 2$\Delta(0)/k_B T_{\bf c}$ = 5.3, intimating that Sc$_5$Rh$_6$Sn$_{18}$ is a strong-coupling BCS superconductor. The zero-field $\mu$SR measurements in the longitudinal geometry exhibit a signature of a spontaneous appearance of the internal magnetic field below the superconducting transition temperature, indicating that the superconducting state is characterized by the broken time-reversal symmetry (TRS). We have compared the results of broken TRS in Sc$_5$Rh$_6$Sn$_{18}$ with that observed in R$_5$Rh$_6$Sn$_{18}$ (R = Lu and Y).Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1411.687

Partial Rupture of the Distal Biceps Tendon in a Collegiate Football Player

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a 20-year-old collegiate football player who presented to the athletic training staff with pain in his left arm near his elbow. He states that he was attempting to make a tackle and that his arm was pushed into hyperextension by another player. He reported discomfort, pain, and numbness in his arm. He attempted to continue to play after completing arm flexion and extension in between plays. His pain levels increased as his range of motion activity continued. The patient could no longer continue during practice and was taken to the medical tent for further evaluation PHYSICAL EXAM: He had point tenderness around the distal end of his biceps brachii muscle and had limited range of motion. The patient presented with a deformity the cubital region of his left arm when compared bilaterally. The patient was referred to the team physician for further evaluation and diagnostic imaging. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES: Strained biceps muscle, strained brachioradialis muscle, strained triceps muscle, ruptured biceps tendon. TESTS & RESULTS: The patient underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which revealed a partial rupture of the biceps tendon. FINAL DIAGNOSIS: Partial rupture of the distal biceps tendon. DISCUSSION: Ruptures of the distal biceps tendon are commonly seen in men over the age of 40, usually the result of overuse. The mechanism of injury in this case was an eccentric load placed on the arm as the arm moved from flexion into extension. The patient is young, collegiate football player, and the injury is not commonly seen in collegiate level athletes. OUTCOME OF THE CASE: After consulting with the patient’s family and the sports medicine staff, it was decided that surgery was the best option for the patient. He underwent a successful surgery to repair his partially ruptured tendon. The operating physician utilized a dual incision technique to reattach the ruptured tendon. The patient was placed in an immobilizing brace for two weeks, and then began his rehabilitation. RETURN TO ACTIVITY AND FURTHER FOLLOW-UP: The rehabilitation plan currently consists of active, passive, and resisted range of motion. He is able to lift a dumbbell for arm flexion and extension, and he is working on grip strength and forearm supination as well. He continues to work with the athletic training staff, and will follow up with the team physician if necessary

Crystal field states of Kondo lattice heavy fermions CeRuSn3 and CeRhSn3

Inelastic neutron scattering experiments have been carried out to determine the crystal field states of the Kondo lattice heavy fermions CeRuSn3 and CeRhSn3. Both the compounds crystallize in LaRuSn3-type cubic structure (space group Pm-3n) in which the Ce atoms occupy two distinct crystallographic sites with cubic (m-3) and tetragonal (-4m.2) point symmetries. The INS data of CeRuSn3 reveal the presence of a broad excitation centered around 6-8 meV which is accounted by a model based on crystal electric field (CEF) excitations. On the other hand, the INS data of isostructural CeRhSn3 reveal three CEF excitations around 7.0, 12.2 and 37.2 meV. The neutron intensity sum rule indicates that the Ce ions at both cubic and tetragonal Ce sites are in Ce3+ state in both CeRuSn3 and CeRhSn3. The CEF level schemes for both the compounds are deduced. We estimate the Kondo temperature T_K = 3.1(2) K for CeRuSn3 from neutron quasielastic linewidth in excellent agreement with that determined from the scaling of magnetoresistance which gives T_K = 3.2(1) K. For CeRhSn3 the neutron quasielastic linewidth gives T_K = 4.6 K. For both CeRuSn3 and CeRhSn3, the ground state of Ce3+ turns out to be a quartet for the cubic site and a doublet for the tetragonal site.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Broken time-reversal symmetry probed by muon spin relaxation in the caged type superconductor Lu5Rh6Sn18

The superconducting state of the caged type compound Lu5Rh6Sn18 has been investigated by using magnetization, heat capacity, and muon spin relaxation or rotation (?SR) measurements, and the results interpreted on the basis of the group theoretical classifications of the possible pairing symmetries and a simple model of the resulting quasiparticle spectra. Our zero-field ?SR measurements clearly reveal the spontaneous appearance of an internal magnetic field below the transition temperature, which indicates that the superconducting state in this material is characterized by broken time-reversal symmetry. Further, the analysis of the temperature dependence of the magnetic penetration depth measured using the transverse-field ?SR measurements suggests an isotropic s?wave character for the superconducting gap. This is in agreement with the heat capacity behavior, and we show that it can be interpreted in terms of a nonunitary triplet state with point nodes and an open Fermi surface

Die psigo-maatskaplike aspekte van homoseksualiteit:'n veld-en dokumentêre studie met spesiale verwysing na psigiatriese maatskaplike werk in Suid-Afrika

Vol. 2, Case studies, confidential.Die benadering wat in hierdie studie toegepas is, is dié van die psigiatriese maatskaplike werker. Dit beteken dat die fokus hoofsaaklik op die psigo-maatskaplike aspekte van homoseksualiteit, sowel as die maatskaplike funksionering van die homoseksuele persone, gerig is. Die basiese kennis van die psigiatriese maatskaplike werker is geleë in persoonlikheidsontwikkeling wat ten nouste met die psigo-seksuele ontwikkelingstadia saamval. Gesinsdinamika sowel as persoonlikheidsdinamika is dus faktore wat as essensiële studiemateriaal deur die psigiatriese maatskaplike werker beskou word. Die studie moes egter uitgebrei word om ander aspekte ook te behels, veral weens die hoogs-gekompliseerde en menigvuldige aard van hornoseksualiteit as verskynsel. Sosiologiese faktore wat die sosiale milieu van die mens grotendeels bepaal, moes ingesluit word, asook die toepassing van sosiale sanksies wat ten nouste saamhang met verskynsels soos stigma, konflikte en baie ander veranderlikes. Regsaspekte kon allermins oor die hoof gesien word - hulle bepaal die raamwerk waarin homoseksueles lee£ en weerspieël in belangrike wyses die houdings van die gemeenskap. Terapie moes ook bespreek word, beide om die bydrae van maatskaplike werk te bestudeer en om die bydraes van ander beroepe in verband te sien