Overiew of existing solutions excitation H₀₁ wave in the circular waveguide

В данной работе рассмотрены осесимметричная магнитная волна H₀₁ в круглом волноводе, особенности структуры ее поля, возможности применения аномальных свойств волны H₀₁ на практике, кратко рассмотрены существующие способы возбуждения волны Н₀₁ в круглом волноводе такие как: возбуждение с помощью противофазных элементов связи, возбуждение с помощью торцевых щелей связи между прямоугольным и круглым волноводами, преобразование типов волн посредством плавных переходов между волноводами с разными типами волн, возбуждение с помощью цилиндрической щелевой антенны, возбуждение за счет подключения прямоугольного волновода узкой стенкой на закороченный торец круглого волновода. Также рассмотрены пути для получения максимального коэффициента передачи и расширения рабочей полосы устройства возбуждения.In the article axisymmetric magnetic wave H₀₁ in the circular waveguide, features of its field structure, possible implementation of its anomalous characteristics in practical systems are considered. Also existent excitation devices, such as: excitation with antiphased coupling elements, excitation with the frontal slots between rectangular and circular waveguides, modes transformation using taper between waveguides with different modes, excitation using the cylindrical slot antenna, excitation with the rectangular waveguides narrow side on the short-circuited end of the circular waveguide are described. The ways of deriving a maximal coefficient of transmission and widening of the frequency band of the excitation device are proposed

Age-related changes of the vitreous body

Innovative advances in recent years in the study of pathological changes of the posterior segment of the eye including the use of optical coherence tomography which is considered the gold standard for diagnosing vitreoretinal interface pathology, not only significantly expanded the idea of the most prevalent lesions of the structure of posterior eye segment but also discovered absolutely new aspects of their pathology. The review emphasizes the spreading understanding of vitreous body, its age-related changes in the pathology of the posterior eye segment. Two main interrelated processes occurring in the vitreous body - synchysis and syneresis, gradually increasing with age, are considered. Synchysis process begins at the early age and by the age of 70 reaches 50% of the volume of the vitreous body in 70% of the population. Parallelly, syneresis provides strength and plasticity of the entire vitreous volume due to collagen involved in formation of fibrillar frame. An important role in maintaining a stable and viscoelastic structure of the vitreous body, belonging to hyaluronic acid, is discussed, the level of which remains relatively stable at any age due to its constant synthesis. The accumulated data on the structure of age-related and pathological biodegradation of the vitreous body demonstrates inevitable progression of this process leading to age-related posterior vitreous detachment, which is a detachment of the posterior cortical layers of the vitreous body from subjacent retina. Posterior detachment under the influence of age-related changes in the vitreous body has certain stages - from incomplete juxtafoveolar detachment to complete posterior vitreous detachment with clinical retinal changes corresponding to each stage (idiopathic macular holes, lamellar macular tears, macular fibrosis, vitreomacular traction syndrome, myopic foveoschisis). Complete posterior vitreous detachment usually does not cause anatomical retinal disorders and any clinical forms of its diseases, thus, it can be considered as a natural favorable outcome

Influence of Rotation on Pulsar Radiation Characteristics

We present a relativistic model for pulsar radio emission by including the effect of rotation on coherent curvature radiation by bunches. We find that rotation broadens the width of leading component compared to the width of trailing component. We estimate the component widths in the average pulse profiles of about 24 pulsars, and find that 19 of them have a broader leading component. We explain this difference in the component widths by using the nested cone emission geometry. We estimate the effect of pulsar spin on the Stokes parameters, and find that the inclination between the rotation and magnetic axes can introduce an asymmetry in the circular polarization of the conal components. We analyze the single pulse polarization data of PSR B0329+54 at 606 MHz, and find that in its conal components, one sense of circular polarization dominates in the leading component while the other sense dominates in the trailing component. Our simulation shows that changing the sign of the impact parameter changes the sense of circular polarization as well as the swing of polarization angle.Comment: 20 pages, 4 Postscript figures, uses aastex.cls. Accepted for Publication in ApJ 200

Relativistic Heavy--Ion Collisions in the Dynamical String--Parton Model

We develop and extend the dynamical string parton model. This model, which is based on the salient features of QCD, uses classical Nambu-Got\=o strings with the endpoints identified as partons, an invariant string breaking model of the hadronization process, and interactions described as quark-quark interactions. In this work, the original model is extended to include a phenomenological quantization of the mass of the strings, an analytical technique for treating the incident nucleons as a distribution of string configurations determined by the experimentally measured structure function, the inclusion of the gluonic content of the nucleon through the introduction of purely gluonic strings, and the use of a hard parton-parton interaction taken from perturbative QCD combined with a phenomenological soft interaction. The limited number of parameters in the model are adjusted to $e^+e^-$ and $p$--$p$ data. Utilizing these parameters, the first calculations of the model for $p$--$A$ and $A$--$A$ collisions are presented and found to be in reasonable agreement with a broad set of data.Comment: 26 pages of text with 23 Postscript figures placed in tex

Optimization of neuropsychological rehabilitation of higher mental functions in junior schoolchildren with mild intellectual disability

The article studies the effectiveness of complex neuropsychological rehabilitative impact on the nonverbal and verbal higher mental functions (HMFs) in junior schoolchildren with mild intellectual disability (ID) in comparison with the impact exclusively on the verbal HMFs in the same category of children.В статье рассматривается эффективность нейропсихологического коррекционного воздействия на невербальные и вербальные высшие психические функции детей младшего школьного возраста с легкой степенью умственной отсталости

Nuclear Scissors Mode with Pairing

The coupled dynamics of the scissors mode and the isovector giant quadrupole resonance are studied using a generalized Wigner function moments method taking into account pair correlations. Equations of motion for angular momentum, quadrupole moment and other relevant collective variables are derived on the basis of the time dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov equations. Analytical expressions for energy centroids and transitions probabilities are found for the harmonic oscillator model with the quadrupole-quadrupole residual interaction and monopole pairing force. Deformation dependences of energies and $B(M1)$ values are correctly reproduced. The inclusion of pair correlations leads to a drastic improvement in the description of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the scissors mode.Comment: 36 pages, 5 figures, the results of calculation by another method and the section concerning currents are adde

HCV Infection in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Its Role of Genotypes in Clinical Outcomes of the Disease

Aim of the research. To study the epidemic manifestations of HCV infection in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in order to develop recommendations for improving the effectiveness and quality of treatment and prevention measures. Materials and methods. The paper uses materials from the official statistics of the Territorial Department of Rospotrebnadzor of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 1994–2018, and data from the electronic register «Chronic viral hepatitis in the RS (Ya)» (2019). Molecular and biological studies of the genotype of the hepatitis C virus were performed jointly on the basis of the Federal state budgetary Institution «Central research Institute of epidemiology» of Rospotrebnadzor (2007–2011, n = 75). To assess the epidemiological situation, the rate of increase in morbidity is calculated on the basis of data equalized by the method of least squares. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS 17 program. The critical significance level is assumed to be 0.05. Results. Thus, the study of long-term dynamics of the incidence of viral hepatitis shows that in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) a consistently high level of incidence of HCV with adverse trends in the development of the epidemic process remains. Analysis of the distribution of different variants of HCV genotypes allowed us to establish the prevalence of genotype 1b, which can determine the high frequency of cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. The current situation in the Republic regarding the incidence of viral hepatitis requires detailed monitoring, improvement of epidemiological surveillance and introduction of modern treatment methods. It is also necessary to improve the quality of health education among the population of the Republic

PARENTERAL VIRAL HEPATITISES IN THE IRKUTSK REGION

From all group of infectious pathology viral hepatitises, from which the most priority are the parenteral hepatitises B and С, are essential for health of mankind, also the Irkutsk region isn’t an exception. The aim of the study: to assess an epidemiological situation in sharp and chronic forms of the viral hepatitises B and С in the territory of the Irkutsk region for the long-term period. Materials and methods. The retrospective analysis of an epidemiological situation on viral hepatitises B and C in Russia, Siberian Federal District and in the Irkutsk region for 2008–2016 is carried out. Results. The expressed decrease in incidence of acute viral hepatitis B is noted, at a chronic form of this disease rates of decrease had less expressed character that can be connected with carrying out by mass vaccinal prevention. The carried-out ranged distribution of territories for all forms of viral hepatitis B and viral hepatitis C in the Irkutsk region has allowed to reveal territories of risk. Conclusion. Parenteral viral hepatitises (sharp and chronic forms) are widespread in the territory of the Irkutsk region. From 43 administrative territories of the area, 24 belong to unsuccessful on incidences from which five are to territories of high epidemiological risk: cities of Irkutsk, Angarsk and Ust-Ilimsk and also Katangsky and Shelekhovsky districts

Review of scientific topics for Millimetron space observatory

This paper describes outstanding issues in astrophysics and cosmology that can be solved by astronomical observations in a broad spectral range from far infrared to millimeter wavelengths. The discussed problems related to the formation of stars and planets, galaxies and the interstellar medium, studies of black holes and the development of the cosmological model can be addressed by the planned space observatory Millimetron (the "Spectr-M" project) equipped with a cooled 10-m mirror. Millimetron can operate both as a single-dish telescope and as a part of a space-ground interferometer with very long baseline.Comment: The translation of the original article in Physics Uspekhi http://ufn.ru/ru/articles/2014/12/c

Reversals of radio emission direction in PSR B1822-09

The pulse profile of pulsar B1822-09 exhibits a very peculiar kind of mode changing: a "precursor" appearing just in front of the Main-Pulse (MP) exhibits periods of nulling, during which an interpulse (IP) becomes detectable at rotation phase separated by roughly 180 deg from the precursor. We propose that this bizarre phenomenon, which requires an information transfer between the two components, occurs by means of reversal of a direction of coherent radio emission generated in the same emission region. This interpretation naturally explains the lack of weak radio emission in the off-pulse regions, as well as the problem of information transfer between emission regions associated with the MP precursor and the IP. The reversals also imply nulling. The model has profound physical implications: (i) the mechanism of coherent radio emission must allow radiation into two, opposite, intermittently changing directions; (ii) the radio waves must be able to propagate through inner regions of the neutron star magnetosphere with strong magnetic field. Most importantly, the model implies inward radio emission in pulsar magnetosphere.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures, submitted to ApJ Letter