Effect of perennial grasses on nutrient supplies of Southern black soil and subsequent crop yield

oai:ojs.european-science.com:article/4The present paper gives the comprehensive analysis of the effect of traditional and nontraditional grasses on soil nutrition status and subsequent crop yield. Substantial contribution of perennial grasses to soil organic matter accumulating is assessed. It has been observed that humus content and nutrition components changed throughout grass cultivation. Phytomelioration impact of five leguminous species and three nonleguminous on Southern black soil fecundity is overviewed. Among spring wheat yield components, the significance of influence of different grasses is underlined. The study evaluates the benefits of legume grasses in comparison to nonlegumes

Novel quantum NMR magnetometer non-contact defectoscopy and monitoring technique for the safe exploitation of gas pipelines

Pipeline transportation has already proved to be a high-performance tool of resources transportation for the efficient functioning of modern society. However, an aggressive environment, the modernization of existing pipelines and the building of new pipelines pose a number of problems to be solved for secure exploitation. Such problems include mapping, systems certification, technical inspection and monitoring. Recently much attention has being paid to the effective solution of these problems, with no interference into the functioning of the existing systems (non-contact methods), and the magnetometric technique is one such method. The method presented in this paper is based on the interpretation of the absolute value of the magnetic field of an object, which allows us to carry out measurements more accurately compared to other approaches. This paper presents the preliminary results of the usage of high-precision absolute quantum Overhauser “POS” (proton Overhauser sensor) magnetometers in the oil-and-gas field. The field work conducted in the summer of 2013 showed that this equipment has great potential for safe exploitation of oil-and-gas pipelines. The efficiency of the geophysical equipment for gas pipelines of a large diameter (1400 mm) was also confirmed under actual operating conditions. © 2014 WIT Press.International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning;WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environmen

Detecting a decline in serial homicide : have we banished the devil from the details?

The current research provides perspective regarding the true prevalence of serial murderers in modern society and addresses the conflict between the evidenced decline in serial homicide and the viewpoint that the phenomenon is increasing. The likelihood that serial murderers are responsible for most unresolved homicides and missing persons is examined in the context of a declining prevalence. A mixed methods approach was used, consisting of a review of a sample of unresolved homicides, a comparative analysis of the frequency of known serial homicide series and unresolved serial homicide series, and semi-structured interviews of experts. In failing to become serial killers, aspiring and probable serial killers and spree killers have impacted the rate of serial murder by not reaching their potential. The past decade contained almost half the cases (13%) that existed at the 1980s peak of serial homicide (27%). Only 282 (1.3%) strangled females made up the 22,444 unresolved homicides reviewed. Most expert respondents thought it unreasonable that any meaningful proportion of missing persons cases are victims of serial homicide. Technology, shifts in offending behavior, proactive law enforcement action, and vigilance of society have transformed serial killing and aids in viewing offenders as people impacted by societal shifts and cultural norms. The absence of narrative details inhibited some aspects of the review. An exhaustive list of known unresolved serial homicide series remained elusive as some missing persons are never reported. Future research should incorporate those intending to murder serially, but whose efforts were stalled by arrest, imprisonment, or death

Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Hadronic Decay of Long-Lived Massive Particles

We study the big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) with the long-lived exotic particle, called X. If the lifetime of X is longer than \sim 0.1 sec, its decay may cause non-thermal nuclear reactions during or after the BBN, altering the predictions of the standard BBN scenario. We pay particular attention to its hadronic decay modes and calculate the primordial abundances of the light elements. Using the result, we derive constraints on the primordial abundance of X. Compared to the previous studies, we have improved the following points in our analysis: The JETSET 7.4 Monte Carlo event generator is used to calculate the spectrum of hadrons produced by the decay of X; The evolution of the hadronic shower is studied taking account of the details of the energy-loss processes of the nuclei in the thermal bath; We have used the most recent observational constraints on the primordial abundances of the light elements; In order to estimate the uncertainties, we have performed the Monte Carlo simulation which includes the experimental errors of the cross sections and transfered energies. We will see that the non-thermal productions of D, He3, He4 and Li6 provide stringent upper bounds on the primordial abundance of late-decaying particle, in particular when the hadronic branching ratio of X is sizable. We apply our results to the gravitino problem, and obtain upper bound on the reheating temperature after inflation.Comment: 94 pages, 49 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D. This is a full length paper of the preprint astro-ph/040249

Onset of dendritic flux avalanches in superconducting films

We report a detailed comparison of experimental data and theoretical predictions for the dendritic flux instability, believed to be a generic behavior of type-II superconducting films. It is shown that a thermo-magnetic model published very recently [Phys. Rev. B 73, 014512 (2006)] gives an excellent quantitative description of key features like the instability onset (first dendrite appearance) magnetic field, and how the onset field depends on both temperature and sample size. The measurements were made using magneto-optical imaging on a series of different strip-shaped samples of MgB2. Excellent agreement is also obtained by reanalyzing data previously published for Nb.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Two-body Photodisintegration of 4^{4}He with Full Final State Interaction

The cross sections of the processes $^4$He($\gamma,p$)$^3$H and $^4$He($\gamma,n$)$^3$He are calculated taking into account the full final state interaction via the Lorentz integral transform (LIT) method. This is the first consistent microscopic calculation beyond the three--body breakup threshold. The results are obtained with a semirealistic central NN potential including also the Coulomb force. The cross sections show a pronounced dipole peak at 27 MeV which lies within the rather broad experimental band. At higher energies, where experimental uncertainties are considerably smaller, one finds a good agreement between theory and experiment. The calculated sum of three-- and four--body photodisintegration cross sections is also listed and is in fair agreement with the data.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure

Study of timing characteristics of a 3 m long plastic scintillator counter using waveform digitizers

A plastic scintillator bar with dimensions 300 cm x 2.5 cm x 11 cm was exposed to a focused muon beam to study its light yield and timing characteristics as a function of position and angle of incidence. The scintillating light was read out at both ends by photomultiplier tubes whose pulse shapes were recorded by waveform digitizers. Results obtained with the WAVECATCHER and SAMPIC digitizers are analyzed and compared. A discussion of the various factors affecting the timing resolution is presented. Prospects for applications of plastic scintillator technology in large-scale particle physics detectors with timing resolution around 100 ps are provided in light of the results

Helicity detection of the astrophysical magnetic fields from radio emission statistics

We discuss inverse problem of detection turbulence magnetic field helical properties using radio survey observations statistics. In this paper, we present principal solution which connects magnetic helicity and correlation between Faraday rotation measure and polarization degree of radio synchrotron emission. The effect of depolarization plays the main role in this problem and allows to detect magnetic helicity for certain frequency range of observable radio emission. We show that the proposed method is mainly sensitive to a large-scale magnetic field component.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure