Validación de la versión en español de la Escala de remoralización

The Remoralization Scale (RS) was developed in order to measure an individual's state in terms of how the person perceives him or herself in relation to his/her self-concept, self-value, hope, empowerment and positive anticipation. However, there is no data on the psychometric properties of the instrument in a non-clinical population. The aim of this study was to validate a Spanish version of the Remoralization Scale (RS) in a non-clinical sample with a prevention objective and/or the promotion of mental health. The original version of the RS was translated into Spanish and it was applied to a non-clinical sample of 1443 university students in Argentina (18–25 years old). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to study the factorial structure and the validity of the construct. Results suggest that a two factor-model (self-satisfaction and self-concept) results in the best fit for this non-clinical population. The reliability of the total scale and for both sub-scales was moderate to high. Discriminant analysis and contrasting groups analysis showed significant results: the clinical sample and the depression-symptoms sample showed less “remoralization” than the non-clinical sample and a group without depression symptoms, respectively. Results are discussed taking into account previous conceptualizations and studies. In conclusion, the RS was validated for its use in a non-clinical Argentinean population. Regarding its construct validity, a two-factor model with high reliability was obtained.La Escala de Remoralización (RS) fue desarrollada para medir el estado de un individuo en términos de cómo se percibe a sí mismo con relación a su autoconcepto, autovaloración, esperanza, empoderamiento y anticipación positiva. Sin embargo, no hay datos de propiedades psicométricas en la población no clínica. El objetivo de este estudio fue validar una versión española de la RS en una muestra no clínica con un objetivo de prevención y/o promoción de la salud mental. La versión original de la RS fue traducida al español y se aplicó a una muestra no clínica de 1.443 estudiantes universitarios en Argentina (de 18 a 25 años). Se realizaron estudios de análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio para estudiar la estructura factorial y la validez del constructo. Los resultados indican que un modelo de 2 factores (autosatisfacción y autoconcepto) presenta un mejor ajuste para esta población no clínica. La consistencia interna de la escala total y de ambas subescalas fue de moderada a alta. Los análisis discriminantes y análisis de grupos contrastados fueron significativos: la muestra clínica y sujetos con síntomas de depresión mostraron menos «remoralización» que la muestra no clínica y sujetos sin síntomas depresivos. Los resultados se discutieron teniendo en cuenta conceptualizaciones y estudios previos. En conclusión, la RS fue validada para su uso en una población no clínica de Argentina. Respecto a su validez de constructo, se obtuvo un modelo de 2 factores con una alta confiabilidad

Gravest Empirical Mode to be used by Inverted Echo Sounders in order to determine the zonal flows in the South Atlantic

Four Pressure-equipped Inverted Echo Sounders (PIES) were deployed at about 10°W, between 19 and 35°S, the South Atlantic Gateway (SAGA), in order to determine the zonal flows in the South Atlantic. Those PIES will allow to observe the circulation of two water masses, the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) and the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW), that flow in opposite directions across the South Atlantic, between Cape town and Brazil, through the SAGA. The measurements from the PIES, together with historical hydrographic data, permit to estimate the profiles of temperature and salinity of the water column, and therefore the density. Besides, using the thermal-wind equation, it is possible to retrieve the geostrophic velocity from an array of PIES. In order to get those estimations of temperature and salinity, it is necessary to determine the Gravest Empirical Mode (GEM), a relationship between the acoustic travel time observed by the PIES and the historical observations of salinity and temperature in the study area. In this work, we will show the GEM estimated for the SAGA, calculated using historical hydrographic data from CTDs and Argo Float, as well as, the estimations of the error in the geostrophic transport