3,725 research outputs found

    Nucleation for one-dimensional long-range Ising models

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    In this note we study metastability phenomena for a class of long-range Ising models in one-dimension. We prove that, under suitable general conditions, the configuration -1 is the only metastable state and we estimate the mean exit time. Moreover, we illustrate the theory with two examples (exponentially and polynomially decaying interaction) and we show that the critical droplet can be macroscopic or mesoscopic, according to the value of the external magnetic field.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure

    The importance of circulating tumor products as „liquid biopsies” in colorectal cancer

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    Liquid biopsies represent an array of plasma analysis tests that are studied to evaluate and identify circulating tumor products, especially circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Examining such biomarkers in the plasma of colorectal cancer patients has attracted attention due to its clinical significance in the treatment of malignant diseases. Given that tissue samples are sometimes challenging to procure or unsatisfactory for genomic profiling from patients with colorectal cancer, trustworthy biomarkers are mandatory for guiding treatment, monitoring therapeutic response, and detecting recurrence. This review considers the relevance of flowing tumor products like circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating messenger RNA (mRNA), circulating micro RNA (miRNA), circulating exosomes, and tumor educated platelets (TEPs) for patients with colorectal cancer

    Interaction Flip Identities for non Centered Spin Glasses

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    We consider spin glass models with non-centered interactions and investigate the effect, on the random free energies, of flipping the interaction in a subregion of the entire volume. A fluctuation bound obtained by martingale methods produces, with the help of integration by parts technique, a family of polynomial identities involving overlaps and magnetizations

    Accumulation horizons and period-adding in optically injected semiconductor lasers

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    We study the hierarchical structuring of islands of stable periodic oscillations inside chaotic regions in phase diagrams of single-mode semiconductor lasers with optical injection. Phase diagrams display remarkable {\it accumulation horizons}: boundaries formed by the accumulation of infinite cascades of self-similar islands of periodic solutions of ever-increasing period. Each cascade follows a specific period-adding route. The riddling of chaotic laser phases by such networks of periodic solutions may compromise applications operating with chaotic signals such as e.g. secure communications.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, laser phase diagrams, to appear in Phys. Rev. E, vol. 7

    QCDOC: A 10-teraflops scale computer for lattice QCD

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    The architecture of a new class of computers, optimized for lattice QCD calculations, is described. An individual node is based on a single integrated circuit containing a PowerPC 32-bit integer processor with a 1 Gflops 64-bit IEEE floating point unit, 4 Mbyte of memory, 8 Gbit/sec nearest-neighbor communications and additional control and diagnostic circuitry. The machine's name, QCDOC, derives from ``QCD On a Chip''.Comment: Lattice 2000 (machines) 8 pages, 4 figure

    Reconstruction of thermally-symmetrized quantum autocorrelation functions from imaginary-time data

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    In this paper, I propose a technique for recovering quantum dynamical information from imaginary-time data via the resolution of a one-dimensional Hamburger moment problem. It is shown that the quantum autocorrelation functions are uniquely determined by and can be reconstructed from their sequence of derivatives at origin. A general class of reconstruction algorithms is then identified, according to Theorem 3. The technique is advocated as especially effective for a certain class of quantum problems in continuum space, for which only a few moments are necessary. For such problems, it is argued that the derivatives at origin can be evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations via estimators of finite variances in the limit of an infinite number of path variables. Finally, a maximum entropy inversion algorithm for the Hamburger moment problem is utilized to compute the quantum rate of reaction for a one-dimensional symmetric Eckart barrier.Comment: 15 pages, no figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
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