15,543 research outputs found
Patient's breath controls comfort devices
Patient assist system for totally disabled persons was developed which permits a person, so paralyzed as to be unable to move, to activate by breathing, a call system to summon assistance, turn the page of a book, ajust his bed, or do any one of a number of other things. System consists of patient assist control and breath actuated switch
Grid Cells Form a Global Representation of Connected Environments.
The firing patterns of grid cells in medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) and associated brain areas form triangular arrays that tessellate the environment [1, 2] and maintain constant spatial offsets to each other between environments [3, 4]. These cells are thought to provide an efficient metric for navigation in large-scale space [5-8]. However, an accurate and universal metric requires grid cell firing patterns to uniformly cover the space to be navigated, in contrast to recent demonstrations that environmental features such asĀ boundaries can distort [9-11] and fragment [12] gridĀ patterns. To establish whether grid firing is determined by local environmental cues, or provides a coherent global representation, we recorded mEC grid cells in rats foraging in an environment containing two perceptually identical compartments connected via a corridor. During initial exposures to the multicompartment environment, grid firing patterns were dominated by local environmental cues, replicating between the two compartments. However, with prolonged experience, grid cell firing patterns formed a single, continuous representation that spanned both compartments. Thus, we provide the first evidence that in a complex environment, grid cell firing can form the coherent global pattern necessary for them to act as a metric capable of supporting large-scale spatial navigation
The AdHOC study of older adultsā adherence to medication in 11 countries
BACKGROUND: Compared with the resources expended developing, evaluating
and making clinical decisions about prescribing medication, we know little about
what determines whether people take it. Older adults are prescribed more
medication than any other group. Poor adherence is a common reason for nonresponse
to medication.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate cross-nationally the impact of demographic,
psychiatric (including cognitive), physical health, behavioural and medication factors
on adherence to medication in older adults.
METHODS: Researchers interviewed 3881 people over 65 who receive home
care services using a structured interview at participantsā places of residence in
eleven countries. The main outcome measure was the percentage participants not
adherent to medication.
RESULTS: 12.5% (n= 456) of people reported they were not fully adherent to
medication. Non-adherence was predicted by problem drinking (OR=3.6), not having
a doctor review medication (OR=3.3), dementia (OR=1.4 for every one point
increase in impairment), good physical health (OR=1.2), resisting care (OR=2.1)
being married (OR=2.3) and living in the Czech Republic (OR=4.7) or Germany
(OR=1.4).
CONCLUSION: People, who screen positive for problem drinking and with
dementia, often undiagnosed are less likely to adhere to medication. Therefore
doctors should consider dementia and problem drinking when prescribing for older
adults. Interventions to improve adherence in older adults might be more effective if
4
targeted at these groups. It is possible that medication review enhances adherence,
by improving the patient-doctor relationship, or by emphasising the relevance of
medications
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Iron Oxide Grains in Stardust Track 121 Grains as Evidence of Comet Wild 2 Hydrothermal Alteration
Stardust Track 121 terminal grains contain Fe-oxide. These are consistent with the presence of hydrothermal alteration on the Comet Wild 2 parent body
Dynamical Structure of the Molecular Interstellar Medium in an Extremely Bright, Multiply Lensed z ā 3 Submillimeter Galaxy Discovered with Herschel
We report the detection of CO(J = 5 ā 4), CO(J = 3 ā 2), and CO(J = 1 ā 0) emission in the strongly lensed, Herschel/SPIRE-selected submillimeter galaxy (SMG) HERMES J105751.1+573027 at z = 2.9574 Ā± 0.0001, using the Plateau de Bure Interferometer, the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy, and the Green Bank Telescope. The observations spatially resolve the molecular gas into four lensed images with a maximum separation of ~9" and reveal the internal gas dynamics in this system. We derive lensing-corrected CO line luminosities of L'_(CO(1-0)) = (4.17 Ā± 0.41), L'_(CO(3-2)) = (3.96 Ā± 0.20), and L'_(CO(5-4)) = (3.45 Ā± 0.20) Ć 10^(10) (Ī¼L/10.9)^(ā1) K km s^(ā1) pc^2, corresponding to luminosity ratios of r_(31) = 0.95 Ā± 0.10, r_(53) = 0.87 Ā± 0.06, and r_(51) = 0.83 Ā± 0.09. This suggests a total molecular gas mass of M_(gas) = 3.3Ć10^(10) (Ī±_(CO)/0.8) (Ī¼_L/10.9)^(ā1) M_ā. The gas mass, gas mass fraction, gas depletion timescale, star formation efficiency, and specific star formation rate are typical for an SMG. The velocity structure of the gas reservoir suggests that the brightest two lensed images are dynamically resolved projections of the same dust-obscured region in the galaxy that are kinematically offset from the unresolved fainter images. The resolved kinematics appear consistent with the complex velocity structure observed in major, "wet" (i.e., gas-rich) mergers. Major mergers are commonly observed in SMGs and are likely to be responsible for fueling their intense starbursts at high gas consumption rates. This study demonstrates the level of detail to which galaxies in the early universe can be studied by utilizing the increase in effective spatial resolution and sensitivity provided by gravitational lensing
Technology utilization in a non-urban region - A measurement of the impact of the Technology Use Studies Center Final report
Technology utilization in agricultural areas and measurement of impact of technology use studies cente
Globally Optimal Crowdsourcing Quality Management
We study crowdsourcing quality management, that is, given worker responses to
a set of tasks, our goal is to jointly estimate the true answers for the tasks,
as well as the quality of the workers. Prior work on this problem relies
primarily on applying Expectation-Maximization (EM) on the underlying maximum
likelihood problem to estimate true answers as well as worker quality.
Unfortunately, EM only provides a locally optimal solution rather than a
globally optimal one. Other solutions to the problem (that do not leverage EM)
fail to provide global optimality guarantees as well. In this paper, we focus
on filtering, where tasks require the evaluation of a yes/no predicate, and
rating, where tasks elicit integer scores from a finite domain. We design
algorithms for finding the global optimal estimates of correct task answers and
worker quality for the underlying maximum likelihood problem, and characterize
the complexity of these algorithms. Our algorithms conceptually consider all
mappings from tasks to true answers (typically a very large number), leveraging
two key ideas to reduce, by several orders of magnitude, the number of mappings
under consideration, while preserving optimality. We also demonstrate that
these algorithms often find more accurate estimates than EM-based algorithms.
This paper makes an important contribution towards understanding the inherent
complexity of globally optimal crowdsourcing quality management
The synthesis of 15 mu infrared horizon radiance profiles from meteorological data inputs
Computational computer program for modeling infrared horizon radiance profile using pressure and temperature profile input
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