No Free Pass for Employees: Missouri Says Yes to Individual Liability under the Missouri Human Rights Act

For over a decade, Missouri federal courts have debated the interpretation of the term employer provided in the Missouri Human Rights Act ( MHRA ), offering two distinct interpretations. Some have held that the MHRA\u27s definition of employer allows for individual liability for managers and supervisors along with the employing entity. However, recent Missouri federal opinions have reluctantly followed Eighth Circuit precedent in holding that the MHRA does not impose individual liability. Amid the conflicting federal judicial decisions, one thing has remained constant: every Missouri federal court has tried to predict how the Missouri Supreme Court would decide the issue. As a result of binding precedent on recent Missouri federal court decisions, Missouri federal courts have ruled against the more logical and just interpretation of employer within the MHRA. Consequently, the underlying purpose of the MHRA has been undermined by failing to provide victims of employment discrimination with sufficient compensation and personal vindication for their injuries. However, a recent decision by the Missouri Court of Appeals for the Eastern District rejecting the established federal law may end the inconsistency within the Missouri federal courts and may finally lead to justice for victims of employment discrimination. Missouri state and federal courts will no longer be forced under the doctrine of stare decisis to allow individual wrongdoers a free pass to discriminate, thus depriving victims of employment discrimination of their right to just compensation and personal redress during a time in which employee discrimination is of widespread concern throughout Missouri and nationwide

2nd Applied Positive Psychology Symposium

The MSc Applied Positive Psychology (MAPP) at Buckinghamshire New University is a part-time two-year programme, and is now in its fourth year. This Proceedings represents the contributions to our 2nd Applied Positive Psychology Symposium held on Saturday 21st May 2016. The symposium was first held in May 2015 as an opportunity for our first cohort of MAPP graduates to present their completed dissertation work to a wider audience, and prepare papers for the symposium’s Proceedings that were based on their dissertation projects. The intention is that, for some, this may be an important first step in looking to publish work in an academic journal or in other ways as appropriate. We are delighted to be able to return with a second symposium which, again, provides this opportunity for our students. We are further encouraged that this year, alongside students presenting dissertation work, we also have contributions from current MAPP students who are presenting work based on, or inspired by, work they have undertaken as part of their assignment work on the course. We hope this may set the precedent that future students will also want to engage with the symposium this way, and develop their ideas further as part of the process. We are also very happy to welcome a contribution from a researcher who is not involved with the MAPP at Bucks New University (Cal Cooper, p. 98). It is our intention that we may further build upon this as part of future symposia by inviting contributions from other researchers and students on other MAPP or related programmes. We trust you will find the papers in the Proceedings to be an engaging and uplifting insight into some of the latest work being conducted by the next generation of positive psychology researchers and practitioners

The Rules of Human T Cell Fate in vivo.

The processes governing lymphocyte fate (division, differentiation, and death), are typically assumed to be independent of cell age. This assumption has been challenged by a series of elegant studies which clearly show that, for murine cells in vitro, lymphocyte fate is age-dependent and that younger cells (i.e., cells which have recently divided) are less likely to divide or die. Here we investigate whether the same rules determine human T cell fate in vivo. We combined data from in vivo stable isotope labeling in healthy humans with stochastic, agent-based mathematical modeling. We show firstly that the choice of model paradigm has a large impact on parameter estimates obtained using stable isotope labeling i.e., different models fitted to the same data can yield very different estimates of T cell lifespan. Secondly, we found no evidence in humans in vivo to support the model in which younger T cells are less likely to divide or die. This age-dependent model never provided the best description of isotope labeling; this was true for naïve and memory, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, this age-dependent model also failed to predict an independent data set in which the link between division and death was explored using Annexin V and deuterated glucose. In contrast, the age-independent model provided the best description of both naïve and memory T cell dynamics and was also able to predict the independent dataset

The kinematic and thermohaline zonation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current at Drake Passage

The waters of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current at Drake Passage show mesoscale horizontal zonation into four water mass regimes horizontally separated by three fronts. Vertical profiles of T, S and O2 on opposite sides of each front are described and compared. Although the surface waters are significantly different across fronts, the vertical profiles from the same side of a specific front are remarkably uniform from year to year and from cruise to cruise...

The Physics of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current

A region of transition of surface water characteristics from subantarctic to Antarctic and an associated eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) have long been recognized to exist as a band around Antarctica. In this review we summarize the most important observational and theoretical findings of the past decade regarding the ACC, identify gaps in our knowledge, and recommend studies to address these. The nature of the meridional zonation of the ACC is only now being revealed. The ACC seems to exist as multiple narrow jets imbedded in, or associated with, density fronts (the Subantarctic and Polar fronts) which appear to be circumpolar in extent. These fronts meander, and current rings form from them; lateral frontal shifts of as much as 100km in 10 days have been observed. The volume transport of the ACC has been estimated many times with disparate results

Neural Dynamics in Parkinsonian Brain:The Boundary Between Synchronized and Nonsynchronized Dynamics

Synchronous oscillatory dynamics is frequently observed in the human brain. We analyze the fine temporal structure of phase-locking in a realistic network model and match it with the experimental data from parkinsonian patients. We show that the experimentally observed intermittent synchrony can be generated just by moderately increased coupling strength in the basal ganglia circuits due to the lack of dopamine. Comparison of the experimental and modeling data suggest that brain activity in Parkinson's disease resides in the large boundary region between synchronized and nonsynchronized dynamics. Being on the edge of synchrony may allow for easy formation of transient neuronal assemblies

Rapid turnover of effector-memory CD4(+) T cells in healthy humans

Memory T cells can be divided into central-memory (T(CM)) and effector-memory (T(EM)) cells, which differ in their functional properties. Although both subpopulations can persist long term, it is not known whether they are maintained by similar mechanisms. We used in vivo labeling with deuterated glucose to measure the turnover of CD4(+) T cells in healthy humans. The CD45R0(+)CCR7(-) T(EM) subpopulation was shown to have a rapid proliferation rate of 4.7% per day compared with 1.5% per day for CD45R0(+)CCR7(+) T(CM) cells; these values are equivalent to average intermitotic (doubling) times of 15 and 48 d, respectively. In contrast, the CD45RA(+)CCR7(+) naive CD4(+) T cell population was found to be much longer lived, being labeled at a rate of only 0.2% per day (corresponding to an intermitotic time of approximately 1 yr). These data indicate that human CD4(+) T(EM) cells constitute a short-lived cell population that requires continuous replenishment in vivo

Repeated nutrient, oxygen, and density sections through the Loop Current

Based on observations made in May, 1972, the nutrient and dissolved-oxygen concentrations in the offshore waters of the eastern Gulf of Mexico are described and related to the Loop Current and anticyclonic current rings, which are the principal circulation features of this region. The characteristic relationships of oxygen and nutrients to density parameters are presented..

Binding between two-component bosons in one dimension

We investigate the ground state of one-dimensional few-atom Bose-Bose mixtures under harmonic confinement throughout the crossover from weak to strong inter-species attraction. The calculations are based on the numerically exact multi-configurational time-dependent Hartree method. For repulsive components we detail the condition for the formation of a molecular Tonks-Girardeau gas in the regime of intermediate inter-species interactions, and the formation of a molecular condensate for stronger coupling. Beyond a critical inter-species attraction, the system collapses to an overall bound state. Different pathways emerge for unequal particle numbers and intra-species interactions. In particular, for mixtures with one attractive component, this species can be viewed as an effective potential dimple in the trap center for the other, repulsive component.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure

Supporting disabled students in practice: a tripartite approach, Nurse Education in Practice. Vol. 10 (3) pp. 132-137, 2010

Universities are required to make reasonable adjustments for disabled students. For providers of professional courses, in this case pre-registration nursing, this requirement is perceived to pose significant challenges. In part this is due to the nature of the course, where practice learning is a central component and therefore clinical hands-on experience of the care of patients/clients is an absolute requirement. Concerns around the ability of disabled students’ to meet the programme requirements have been expressed. This article describes the co-development of a six-phase tripartite model that provides a supportive framework for disabled student nurses in the practice environment. A brief overview of the literature will be given and a single case study will be used to demonstrate the model in action. The development of broad partnership working between the Practice Learning Team, The Disability Service and the Student Placement Facilitator, taking a student centric approach, is outlined. Finally, the process by which a critical knowledge base, on which decisions around reasonable adjustment can be made is discussed