31 research outputs found
Magnetic field induced control of breather dynamics in a single plaquette of Josephson junctions
We present a theoretical study of inhomogeneous dynamic (resistive) states in
a single plaquette consisting of three Josephson junctions. Resonant
interactions of such a breather state with electromagnetic oscillations
manifest themselves by resonant current steps and voltage jumps in the
current-voltage characteristics. An externally applied magnetic field leads to
a variation of the relative shift between the Josephson current oscillations of
two resistive junctions. By making use of the rotation wave approximation
analysis and direct numerical simulations we show that this effect allows to
effectively control the breather instabilities, e. g. to increase (decrease)
the height of the resonant steps and to suppress the voltage jumps in the
current-voltage characteristics.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Spontaneous creation of discrete breathers in Josephson arrays
We report on the experimental generation of discrete breather states
(intrinsic localized modes) in frustrated Josephson arrays. Our experiments
indicate the formation of discrete breathers during the transition from the
static to the dynamic (whirling) system state, induced by a uniform external
current. Moreover, spatially extended resonant states, driven by a uniform
current, are observed to evolve into localized breather states. Experiments
were performed on single Josephson plaquettes as well as open-ended Josephson
ladders with 10 and 20 cells. We interpret the breather formation as the result
of the penetration of vortices into the system.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Instabilities in Josephson Ladders with Current Induced Magnetic Fields
We report on a theoretical analysis, consisting of both numerical and
analytic work, of the stability of synchronization of a ladder array of
Josephson junctions under the influence of current induced magnetic fields.
Surprisingly, we find that as the ratio of the mutual to self inductance of the
cells of the array is increased a region of unstable behavior occurs followed
by reentrant stable synchronization. Analytic work tells us that in order to
understand fully the cause of the observed instabilities the behavior of the
vertical junctions, sometimes ignored in analytic analyses of ladder arrays,
must be taken into account.Comment: RevTeX, 4 pages, 3 figure
Discrete breathers in dissipative lattices
We study the properties of discrete breathers, also known as intrinsic
localized modes, in the one-dimensional Frenkel-Kontorova lattice of
oscillators subject to damping and external force. The system is studied in the
whole range of values of the coupling parameter, from C=0 (uncoupled limit) up
to values close to the continuum limit (forced and damped sine-Gordon model).
As this parameter is varied, the existence of different bifurcations is
investigated numerically. Using Floquet spectral analysis, we give a complete
characterization of the most relevant bifurcations, and we find (spatial)
symmetry-breaking bifurcations which are linked to breather mobility, just as
it was found in Hamiltonian systems by other authors. In this way moving
breathers are shown to exist even at remarkably high levels of discreteness. We
study mobile breathers and characterize them in terms of the phonon radiation
they emit, which explains successfully the way in which they interact. For
instance, it is possible to form ``bound states'' of moving breathers, through
the interaction of their phonon tails. Over all, both stationary and moving
breathers are found to be generic localized states over large values of ,
and they are shown to be robust against low temperature fluctuations.Comment: To be published in Physical Review
Row-switched states in two-dimensional underdamped Josephson junction arrays
When magnetic flux moves across layered or granular superconductor
structures, the passage of vortices can take place along channels which develop
finite voltage, while the rest of the material remains in the zero-voltage
state. We present analytical studies of an example of such mixed dynamics: the
row-switched (RS) states in underdamped two-dimensional Josephson arrays,
driven by a uniform DC current under external magnetic field but neglecting
self-fields. The governing equations are cast into a compact
differential-algebraic system which describes the dynamics of an assembly of
Josephson oscillators coupled through the mesh current. We carry out a formal
perturbation expansion, and obtain the DC and AC spatial distributions of the
junction phases and induced circulating currents. We also estimate the interval
of the driving current in which a given RS state is stable. All these
analytical predictions compare well with our numerics. We then combine these
results to deduce the parameter region (in the damping coefficient versus
magnetic field plane) where RS states can exist.Comment: latex, 48 pages, 15 figs using psfi
Nonlinear Localization in Metamaterials
Metamaterials, i.e., artificially structured ("synthetic") media comprising
weakly coupled discrete elements, exhibit extraordinary properties and they
hold a great promise for novel applications including super-resolution imaging,
cloaking, hyperlensing, and optical transformation. Nonlinearity adds a new
degree of freedom for metamaterial design that allows for tuneability and
multistability, properties that may offer altogether new functionalities and
electromagnetic characteristics. The combination of discreteness and
nonlinearity may lead to intrinsic localization of the type of discrete
breather in metallic, SQUID-based, and symmetric metamaterials. We
review recent results demonstrating the generic appearance of breather
excitations in these systems resulting from power-balance between intrinsic
losses and input power, either by proper initialization or by purely dynamical
procedures. Breather properties peculiar to each particular system are
identified and discussed. Recent progress in the fabrication of low-loss,
active and superconducting metamaterials, makes the experimental observation of
breathers in principle possible with the proposed dynamical procedures.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, Invited (Review) Chapte
The qualification of collective absolutes and the individuality of persons and events in mid-nineteenth-century Spain
This article argues, on the basis of intellectual, literary, and art history, against the view that mid-nineteenth-century notions of individuality in Spain were products of a social structure based around a bourgeoisie, or, in other accounts, based around a failed effort to establish a bourgeoisie. Instead, it argues that an emphasis on individuality could take radically different forms, that there was no core shared idea of 'individuality'. The article argues that the key motivating factor in these varying notions of individuality was a conflict between and concerning different factions within an oligarchic elite over the future of that elite
Discrete breathers in and related models
We touch upon the wide topic of discrete breather formation with a special
emphasis on the the model. We start by introducing the model and
discussing some of the application areas/motivational aspects of exploring time
periodic, spatially localized structures, such as the discrete breathers. Our
main emphasis is on the existence, and especially on the stability features of
such solutions. We explore their spectral stability numerically, as well as in
special limits (such as the vicinity of the so-called anti-continuum limit of
vanishing coupling) analytically. We also provide and explore a simple, yet
powerful stability criterion involving the sign of the derivative of the energy
vs. frequency dependence of such solutions. We then turn our attention to
nonlinear stability, bringing forth the importance of a topological notion,
namely the Krein signature. Furthermore, we briefly touch upon linearly and
nonlinearly unstable dynamics of such states. Some special aspects/extensions
of such structures are only touched upon, including moving breathers and
dissipative variations of the model and some possibilities for future work are
highlighted
Evaluación del Nivel Lector.: Manual Técnico del Tests de Eficacia Lectora (TECLE)
Comentario a cargo de la Prof. Dra. Lilian R. DasetDepartamento de Ciencias Cognitivas y de la Salud.Facultad de Psicología.Universidad Católica del Urugua