Neugezüchtete flugbrandresistente Gerste aus Bulgarien

Our study presents a part of the long-term program for resistance breeding to smuts in barley in Bulgaria. 56 dihaploid lines were derived from F1-hybrids of two barley crosses between resistant and susceptible Bulgarian and foreign cultivars bearing the resistant genes Run12 and Run13. The DH progenies were tested in 3 generations for loose smut resistance on the field and in the lab with the embryotest. 10 resistant DH-progenies with gene Run12 and 16 resistant DH-progenies with Run13 were selected and agronomically characterised for new cultivar development

Mapping of health technology assessment in selected countries

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and apply an instrument to map the level of health technology assessment (HTA) development at country level in selected countries. We examined middle-income countries (Argentina, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, and Russia) and countries well-known for their comprehensive HTA programs (Australia, Canada, and United Kingdom). Methods: A review of relevant key documents regarding the HTA process was performed to develop the instrument which was then reviewed by selected HTAi members and revised. We identified and collected relevant information to map the level of HTA in the selected countries. This was supplemented by information from a structured survey among HTA experts in the selected countries (response rate: 65/385). Results: Mapping of HTA in a country can be done by focusing on the level of institutionalization and the HTA process (identification, priority setting, assessment, appraisal, reporting, dissemination, and implementation in policy and practice). Although HTA is most advanced in industrialized countries, there is a growing community in middle-income countries that uses HTA. For example, Brazil is rapidly developing effective HTA programs. India and Russia are at the very beginning of introducing HTA. The other middle-income countries show intermediate levels of HTA development compared with the reference countries. Conclusions: This study presents a set of indicators for documenting the current level and trends in HTA at country level. The findings can be used as a baseline measurement for future monitoring and evaluation. This will allow a variety of stakeholders to assess the development of HTA in their country, help inform strategies, and justify expenditure for HTA

The 22-year cycle in the geomagnetic 27-day recurrences reflecting on the F2-layer ionization

Solar cycle variations of the amplitudes of the 27-day solar rotation period reflected in the geomagnetic activity index <i>A<sub>p</sub></i>, solar radio flux F10.7cm and critical frequency <i>fo</i>F2 for mid-latitude ionosonde station Moscow from the maximum of sunspot cycle 18 to the maximum of cycle 23 are examined. The analysis shows that there are distinct enhancements of the 27-day amplitudes for <i>fo</i>F2 and <i>A<sub>p</sub></i> in the late declining phase of each solar cycle while the amplitudes for F10.7cm decrease gradually, and the <i> fo</i>F2 and <i>A<sub>p</sub></i> amplitude peaks are much larger for even-numbered solar cycles than for the odd ones. Additionally, we found the same even-high and odd-low pattern of <i>fo</i>F2 for other mid-latitude ionosonde stations in Northern and Southern Hemispheres. This property suggests that there exists a 22-year cycle in the F2-layer variability coupled with the 22-year cycle in the 27-day recurrence of geomagnetic activity.<br><br> <b>Key words.</b> Ionosphere (mid-latitude ionosphere; ionosphere- magnetosphere interactions) – Magnetospheric physics (solar wind-magnetosphere interactions

Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana isolates toward Leptinotarsa decemlineata [Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae], Myzus persicae [Homoptera : Aphididae] and their predator Coleomegilla maculata lengi [Coleoptera : Coccinellidae]

L'effet pathogène de dix isolats de Beauveria bassiana de différentes sources et provenances géographiques a été évalué au laboratoire à une concentration de 107 conidies ml-1 sur deux insectes ravageurs, le doryphore de la pomme de terre ( Leptinotarsa decemlineata) et le puceron vert du pêcher ( Myzus persicae), et leur prédateur, la coccinelle maculée ( Coleomegilla maculata lengi). Six isolats ont provoqué une mortalité élevée sur les trois espèces d'insectes. Les quatre autres ont démontré un différent degré de spécificité pour les insectes visés. Les isolats 49, 233 et 210087 se sont avérés les plus intéressants comme agents de lutte biologique parce qu'ils ont démontré une forte virulence pour les insectes nuisibles mais ne causant qu'une faible mortalité pour la coccinelle.Ten isolates of Beauveria bassiana from different sources and geographical sites were evaluated under laboratory conditions at a concentration of 107 conidia ml-1 for their pathogenicity against two insect pests, the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), and their predator, the spotted ladybird beetle (Coleomegilla maculata lengi). Six isolates were highly virulent to all three insect species. Four others showed different degrees of specificity. The isolates 49, 233 and 210087 were the most interesting for their potential development as biological control agents because they were highly virulent for the two insect pests and caused low mortality in the coccinellid

Everyday cosmopolitanism in representations of Europe among young Romanians in Britain

The paper presents an analysis of everyday cosmopolitanism in constructions of Europe among young Romanian nationals living in Britain. Adopting a social representations approach, cosmopolitanism is understood as a cultural symbolic resource that is part of everyday knowledge. Through a discursively-oriented analysis of focus group data, we explore the ways in which notions of cosmopolitanism intersect with images of Europeanness in the accounts of participants. We show that, for our participants, representations of Europe are anchored in an Orientalist schema of West-vs.-East, whereby the West is seen as epitomising European values of modernity and progress, while the East is seen as backward and traditional. Our findings further show that representations of cosmopolitanism reinforce this East/West dichotomy, within a discourse of ‘Occidental cosmopolitanism’. The paper concludes with a critical discussion of the diverse and complex ideological foundations of these constructions of European cosmopolitanism and their implications

Refitting of combined inner detector and muon spectrometer tracks from Monte Carlo samples by using the Kalman fitter and the STEP algorithm in the ATLAS experiment

In this paper we refit combined muon tracks using the Kalman fitter and the simultaneous track and error propagation (STEP) algorithm of the ATLAS tracking software. The muon tracks are simulated by GEANT4 in the full detector description, reconstructed by MUID, and refitted by the Kalman fitter in the ATLAS TrackingGeometry. The relative transverse momentum resolution of the refitted tracks is compared to the resolution of the refits done by the global chi-square track fitter, along with the resolution found by the MUID and STACO muon combination algorithms. Reconstructed invariant masses are compared in a similar way