Sales and Production Management System and Reporting using Centralized Database System

In the industry, one of the most extensively utilized systems is the Sales and Production management system. Since there were numerous departments inside the company, building up a shared sales and production management system enabled timely and effective control of the company's stocks, order management, and efficient use. If you do the accounting using manual methods for the administration, as mentioned above, chores will also take a lot of paperwork and workforce. This study suggests a system

Antibacterial activity of leaves and flowers of <em>Clitoria ternatea</em> (butterfly pea plant) in Sri Lanka by using different solvent extracts

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Personal and professional challenges in the management of deliberate self-poisoning patients in rural Sri Lanka: a qualitative study of rural hospital doctors' experiences and perceptions

Background. Deliberate self-poisoning is a major public heath issue in developing countries. In rural Sri Lanka deliberate self-poisoning is one of the leading causes of hospital death. The majority of patients with poisoning present to rural hospitals for initial treatment that are staffed by non-specialist and often relatively junior doctors. The treatment of self-poisoning patients poses numerous clinical challenges and further difficulties are experienced if patients are uncooperative and aggressive, intoxicated with alcohol or suffering mental illness. Previous research in developed countries has examined self-poisoning patients and their treatment but little is know about self-poisoning patient care in the context of rural health provision in developing countries. This study provides the first focused exploration of the experiences and perceptions of primary care rural hospital doctors in Sri Lanka toward the treatment of self-poisoning patients. Methods. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen doctors from rural hospitals in the North Central Province, Sri Lanka. All interviews were recorded and transcribed and subject to thematic analysis. Results. Participating doctors did perceive that treating self-poisoning patients in a primary care rural hospital as potentially confidence-building. However, resource issues such as the lack of medication, equipment and staffing were seen as important challenges to treating self-poisoning patients. Other challenges identified included disparity with community and other staff members regarding expectations of care, a sense of professional isolation and a lack of continuing education programs. Conclusion. Addressing professional isolation through educational and trainee programs for doctors and reducing the variance in expectations between professional groups and the community has the potential to improve delivery of care for self-poisoning patients

Acute Human Lethal Toxicity of Agricultural Pesticides: A Prospective Cohort Study

In a prospective cohort study of patients presenting with pesticide self-poisoning, Andrew Dawson and colleagues investigate the relative human toxicity of agricultural pesticides and contrast it with WHO toxicity classifications, which are based on toxicity in rats

A cost effectiveness analysis of the preferred antidotes for acute paracetamol poisoning patients in Sri Lanka

Background: Acute paracetamol poisoning is a rapidly increasing problem in Sri Lanka. The antidotes are expensive and yet no health economic evaluation has been done on the therapy for acute paracetamol poisoning in the developing world. The aim of this study is to determine the cost effectiveness of using N-acetylcysteine over methionine in the management of acute paracetamol poisoning in Sri Lanka. Methods:Economic analysis was applied using public healthcare system payer perspective. Costs were obtained from a series of patients admitted to the National Hospital of Sri Lanka with a history of acute paracetamol overdose. Evidence on effectiveness was obtained from a systematic review of the literature. Death due to hepatotoxicity was used as the primary outcome of interest. Analysis and development of decision tree models was done using Tree Age Pro 2008. Results: An affordable treatment threshold of Sri Lankan rupees 1,537,120/death prevented was set from the expected years of productive life gained and the average contribution to GDP. A cost-minimisation analysis was appropriate for patients presenting within 10 hours and methionine was the least costly antidote. For patients presenting 10-24 hours after poisoning, n-acetylcysteine was more effective and the incremental cost effectiveness ratio of Sri Lankan rupees 316,182/life saved was well under the threshold. One-way and multi-way sensitivity analysis also supported methionine for patients treated within 10 hours and n-acetylcysteine for patients treated within 10-24 hours as preferred antidotes.Conclusions: Post ingestion time is an important determinant of preferred antidotal therapy for acute paracetamol poisoning patients in Sri Lanka. Using n-acetylcysteine in all patients is not cost effective. On economic grounds, methionine should become the preferred antidote for Sri Lankan patients treated within 10 hours of the acute ingestion and n-acetylcysteine should continue to be given to patients treated within 10-24 hours

Spectral analysis approach for assessing the accuracy of low-cost air quality sensor network data

Extensive monitoring of particulate matter (PM) smaller than 2.5 µm, i.e., PM2.5, is critical for understanding changes in local air quality due to policy measures. With the emergence of low-cost air quality sensor networks, high spatiotemporal measurements of air quality are now possible. However, the sensitivity, noise, and accuracy of field data from such networks are not fully understood. In this study, we use spectral analysis of a 2-year data record of PM2.5 from both the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and PurpleAir (PA), a low-cost sensor network, to identify the contributions of individual periodic sources to local air quality in Chicago. We find that sources with time periods of 4, 8, 12, and 24 h have significant but varying relative contributions to the data for both networks. Further analysis reveals that the 8 and 12 h sources are traffic-related and photochemistry-driven, respectively, and that the contributions of both these sources are significantly lower in the PA data than in the EPA data. The presence of distinct peaks in the power spectrum analysis highlights recurring patterns in the air quality data; however, the underlying factors contributing to these peaks require further investigation and validation. We also use a correction model that accounts for the contribution of relative humidity and temperature, and we observe that the PA temporal components can be made to match those of the EPA over the medium and long term but not over the short term. Thus, standard approaches to improve the accuracy of low-cost sensor network data will not result in unbiased measurements. The strong source dependence of low-cost sensor network measurements demands exceptional care in the analysis of ambient data from these networks, particularly when used to evaluate and drive air quality policies.</p

Human–Elephant Conflict in Sri Lanka: A Critical Review of Causal Explanations

Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kasse

Knowledge and awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among female students aged 18 – 20 in selected Schools in Kaluthara District, Sri Lanka

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the world. Cervical carcinoma is one of the most recurrent and dangerous female cancer types, and HPV is the main cause of that condition. This study aimed to determine the knowledge and awareness of HPV infection among female students aged 18-20 in selected schools in Kalutara District, Sri Lanka. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a random cluster sampling method. Data was collected through pre-tested, validated, and self-administrated questionnaires. Statistical analysis of collected data was done using SPSS 28, and the data was graded according to Bloom’s cut-off point. The association between students’ Advanced-level subject streams and their knowledge and awareness of HPV was analyzed based on the Chi Square test while considering the P value less than 0.05 as statistically significant. Among the 440 students who participated in this study, 142(32.2%) were from biology stream, 88(20%) were from physical science stream, 156(35.4%) were from commerce, and 56(12%) were from art stream. Out of all respondents, 212(48.1%) respondents had heard about HPV infection, but only 22(5%) respondents knew about the causes of HPV infection. Furthermore, according to the Bloom's cut off point, participants who gained marks 80-100% were considered as having high knowledge and awareness, those who scored 50-70% were categorized as having moderate knowledge and awareness, and those who scored less than 50% were considered as having low knowledge and awareness regarding HPV infection. Based on that, only 71(16.1%) of the participants had a high level of knowledge. The majority, comprising 369 (83.9%) individuals had a moderate level of knowledge about HPV. Moreover, 372(84.5%) had a moderate level of awareness about HPV, while 68 (15.4%) of the students had a low level of awareness of HPV infection. A significant association was found between participants’ subject streams and their knowledge (P value - 0.001) and awareness (P value - 0.005) regarding HPV infection. Findings of the study highlight that most female students aged 18-20 in selected schools in Kalutara District, Sri Lanka had a moderate level of knowledge and awareness regarding HPV infection. Therefore, findings suggest a need for comprehensive HPV education and awareness programs at school level to enhance the knowledge and awareness of school students on HPV infection

Factors driving human–elephant conflict: statistical assessment of vulnerability and implications for wildlife conflict management in Sri Lanka

Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEA