Medullary thyroid cancer in a 9-week-old infant with familial MEN 2B: Implications for timing of prophylactic thyroidectomy

BACKGROUND: Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) are at high risk of developing aggressive medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in childhood, with the highest risk in those with MEN type 2B (of whom >95% have an M918T RET proto-oncogene mutation). Metastatic MTC has been reported as young as 3 months of age. Current guidelines recommend prophylactic thyroidectomy within the first year of life for MEN 2B. PATIENT FINDINGS: We report a 9-week-old infant with MTC due to familial MEN 2B. A full-term male infant, born to a mother with known MEN 2B and metastatic MTC, had an M918T RET proto-oncogene mutation confirmed at 4 weeks of age. He underwent prophylactic total thyroidectomy at 9 weeks of age. Pathology showed a focal calcitonin-positive nodule (2.5 mm), consistent with microscopic MTC. SUMMARY: This case highlights the importance of early prophylactic thyroidectomy in MEN 2B. Although current guidelines recommend surgery up to a year of life, MTC may occur in the first few weeks of life, raising the question of how early we should intervene. In this report, we discuss the risks, benefits and barriers to performing earlier thyroidectomy, soon after the first month of life, and make suggestions to facilitate timely intervention. Prenatal anticipatory surgical scheduling could be considered in familial MEN 2B. Multidisciplinary collaboration between adult and pediatric specialists is key to the optimal management of the infant at risk

Tumor antigens for cancer immunotherapy: therapeutic potential of xenogeneic DNA vaccines

Preclinical animal studies have convincingly demonstrated that tumor immunity to self antigens can be actively induced and can translate into an effective anti-tumor response. Several of these observations are being tested in clinical trials. Immunization with xenogeneic DNA is an attractive approach to treat cancer since it generates T cell and antibody responses. When working in concert, these mechanisms may improve the efficacy of vaccines. The use of xenogeneic DNA in overcoming immune tolerance has been promising not only in inbred mice with transplanted tumors but also in outbred canines, which present with spontaneous tumors, as in the case of human. Use of this strategy also overcomes limitations seen in other types of cancer vaccines. Immunization against defined tumor antigens using a xenogeneic DNA vaccine is currently being tested in early phase clinical trials for the treatment of melanoma and prostate cancers, with proposed trials for breast cancer and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Proofs for Integrity of Data in Cloud Storage

data is moved to a remotely located cloud server in cloud computing. The cloud stores the data and return back to the owner whenever it is needed. But there is no guarantee that data stored in the cloud is secured and not altered by the cloud or Third Party. In order to overcome the problem of integrity of data, the user must be able to use the assist of a third party. The third party has experience in checking integrity of data, that cloud users does not have, and that is difficult for the owner to check. The data in the cloud should be correct, consistent, accessible and high quality. The aim of this research is to ensure the integrity of data and provides the proof that data is in secured manner and to provide cryptographic key to secure the data in the cloud. The proposed approach has been implemented

Ayurvedic management of Karnanaada w.s.r. to Tinnitus - A Case Report

Shalakya Tantra is one of the branches among Astanga Ayurveda. Karnanada is one of the Karnagata Roga explained in Shalakya Tantra. It is the most common complaint encountered in clinical practice of Shalakya. Vata dominant Tridosha along with Rakta presents as the chief pathological factors in the case of Karnanada. Karnanada can be correlated with tinnitus. It is the condition in which there is a perception of sound that appears to originate in the head in the absence of external stimuli. Epidemiologically this disease is present in 38% population below the age of 40 years and 68% population above the age of 40 years. This is a case study of patient aged about 19 year female came to Shalakya Tantra OPD with complaints of ringing sound in right ear for the last 1 year which was mild in nature. Since 15 days symptom is increased and she also complained of disturbed sleep and irritation. The patient was treated with Nirgundi Taila Karnapoorana, Ksheerabala Taila Nasya along with oral administration of Sarivadi Vati for one week. The patient showed marked relief in symptoms of tinnitus. There was no recurrence during a follow-up of four weeks. The treatment reveals that Ayurvedic interventions are effective in the management of tinnitus quite efficiently

Low Power EMC Optimized Wireless Sensor Network for Air Pollution Monitoring System

Air pollution has significant repercussion on the concentrations of constituents in atmosphere leading to consequences like global warming and acid rain. Traditional air polluting monitoring methods are expensive and bulky, to overcome this disadvantage WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) has come into existence which has advantage of being small, easy to setup, inexpensive and provide real time monitoring of data. In this paper, modular wireless sensor architecture for pollution monitoring system that measures the level of carbon monoxide, particulate Matter, nitrogen-di-oxide and sulphur-di-oxide in environment and sends the measured data to server is proposed. The proposed system is designed for extremely low power operation which monitors the pollutants level and sends the data to server via GPRS and can be used in secured places like military and defence. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15061

COMPARISON STUDY OF VITAMIN-B12 FOR ITS EFFICACY AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS FORMULATIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF PERNICIOUS ANEMIA

VitaminB12 helps your body to use fat and carbohydrates for energy and makes new protein. It is also important for normal blood, cells, and nerves. Most people get enough vitaminB12 in their diet, but a deficiency may occur in certain health conditions (e. g., poor nutrition, stomach/intestinal problems, infection, cancer). Serious VitaminB12 deficiency results in anemia and nerve damage if left untreated. VitaminB12 deficiency usually treated by parenteral and oral dosage forms, but these routes of administration is associated with absorption and compliance issue. More recently, it has been demonstrated that the function of this missing intrinsic factor is to aid the absorption of Vitamin B12 and deficiency termed as pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia may be satisfactorily treated by parenteral administration of the extrinsic factor, Vitamin B12is only slightly absorbed when given by mouth to patients with pernicious anemia, but a hematological response may be obtained if relatively large doses are given by this route. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety profile of appropriate vitamin B12formulation in the treatment of pernicious anemia.Â

Brahmi herbal drink mitigates aluminium chloride induced cognitive impairments

Aluminium chloride (AlCl3) is neurotoxic and has been proposed to be one of the environmental factors responsible for neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disorders. It also causes learning and memory deficit. Bacopa monniera is well known for its memory enhancing property in traditional Indian system of medicine. In the present investigation we aim to evaluate cognitive-enhancing and neuromodulatory property of brahmi herbal drink (BHD), a nutraceutical product from Bacopa monniera extract. BHD was evaluated for physicochemical, sensory attributes and stability studies. Overall acceptability of BHD was good according to hedonic scale/ratings. Stability of the drink is for 6 months without losing its activity. Further, cognitive enhancing and neuromodulatory propensity of BHD was evaluated against AlCl3 treatment in rats. Administration of AlCl3 (100 mg/kg) daily for 23 days significantly increased cognitive impairment as evaluated in elevated plus maze (EPM) and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. BHD supplementation improved cognitive ability by decreasing the transfer and escape latency of EPM and MWM tests respectively. Our results further elucidate that BHD supplementation decreased acetylcholine esterase activity and nitric oxide levels by down-regulating AChE and iNOS expression respectively. BHD supplementation showed it neuroprotective efficacy by up-regulating BDNF expression. AlCl3 induced lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species generation was significantly alleviated by BHD and restored antioxidant status levels. All these results demonstrated the cognitive-enhancing and neuromodulatory potential of BHD in counteracting the damage inflicted by AlCl3 on rat brain

HETEROSIS STUDIES USING DIALLEL ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND COMPONENT CHARACTERS IN MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA L. WILCZEK)

Twenty one hybrids of mungbean along with their seven parental lines in diallel fashion excluding reciprocal were studied to assess the extent of standard heterosis over standard check i.e. Samrat for yield and seven component characters. Out of 21 F1 hybrids, two crosses SML382 x WGG37 and PUSA9871 x WGG37 exhibited highly significant positive standard heterosis for number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. The hybrid SML382 X WGG37 was excelled for number of primary branches per plant. The crosses SML382 x WGG37 and PUSA9871 x WGG37 exhibited high standard heterosis for seed yield per plant which could be an excellent source for developing high yielding mungbean genotypes

HETEROSIS STUDIES USING DIALLEL ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND COMPONENT CHARACTERS IN MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA L. WILCZEK)

Twenty one hybrids of mungbean along with their seven parental lines in diallel fashion excluding reciprocal were studied to assess the extent of standard heterosis over standard check i.e. Samrat for yield and seven component characters. Out of 21 F1 hybrids, two crosses SML382 x WGG37 and PUSA9871 x WGG37 exhibited highly significant positive standard heterosis for number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. The hybrid SML382 X WGG37 was excelled for number of primary branches per plant. The crosses SML382 x WGG37 and PUSA9871 x WGG37 exhibited high standard heterosis for seed yield per plant which could be an excellent source for developing high yielding mungbean genotypes