Redefining Legitimate Authority: Just War in the Era of Terrorism

Recent attempts by political philosophers to determine if terrorism can be morally justified have analyzed terrorist groups from a just-war perspective; however, many times, these philosophers have subordinated the principle of legitimate authority to the other just-war principles or have neglected legitimate authority outright. Thus, the issue of who decides when, under what circumstances, and how to make war has been relegated to a secondary interest behind the issue of how war is made. This article fills the resulting hole in contemporary just-war literature by reevaluating the principle of legitimate authority. A proper, up-to-date definition of legitimate authority is here established which includes the right of non-state political communities to have agents with legitimate authority and the necessity for those agents to have consent. Although this updated definition opens up the possibility for terrorist groups to be considered legitimate authorities, it also places new restrictions on those groups because neither authority that is not exercised over a political community nor authority exercised without the consent of that community is to be considered legitimate—such authority is illegitimate. Illegitimate authorities are morally unjustified both in their existence and their actions; their wars are unjust

Local Governance: A Correlational Study of Administrative Capability and Performance

This study explored the level and correlation of administrative capability and performance of local governments in northern Philippines, particularly in the Cordillera Region. This inquiry utilized the descriptive-co-relational design involving respondents from selected provinces of the region. The results revealed that the respondents gave a low assessment of the different dimensions of administrative capability. The results also showed dissatisfaction of the performance of the local governments. The tests conducted manifested that there is a significant relationship between administrative capability and performance. Social responsibility appeared to be the most dominant dimension that is linked to performance while organization structure emerged to be the least relevant. Generally, the results imply that as administrative capability improves, performance becomes more effective. On the whole, the findings of this investigation connote that with a strong sense of social responsibility, local governments can deliver services regardless of their organization structure. Keywords: Administrative capability, Performance, Local governments DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/11-3-02 Publication date: April 30th 2021

Detection of Musical Notes Using a Polyphonic Pitch Tracking Embedded System

Detection of polyphonic notes using embedded systems is a field that has not been explored. This article describes a polyphonic tracking embedded system that can detect on real time single and multiple musical notes, as well as their time duration. The solution was designed on an embedded system with a Cortex M-7 core as processor. This was achieved with an algorithm using fast Fourier transform iterating on two buffers in coordination with the direct memory access peripheral. The proposed embedded system was able to detect multiple musical notes on real time. Future works could use the results of this design and export them to a real music editing format.ITESO, A. C

An easy to control all-metal in-line-series ohmic RF MEMS switch

Copyright @ 2010 Springer-VerlagThe analysis, design and simulation of a novel easy to control all-metal in-line-series ohmic RF MEMS switch is presented, for applications where the operating frequency ranges from DC to 4 GHz. The proposed switch, due to its unique shape and size, assures high isolation and great linearity fulfilling the necessary requirements as concerns loss, power handling and power consumption. Simplicity has been set as the key success factor implying robustness and high fabrication yield. On the other hand, the specially designed cantilever-shape (hammerhead) allows distributed actuation force ensuring high controllability as well as reliability making the presented RF MEMS switch one of its kind

Optically induced birefringence in a azopolymer based on the phenomenon of photo-isomerization

The following article is a study of optically induced birefringence in an azopolymer Hema-HDR13. Generating anisotropy in the material through the photo-isomerization process for azo-compounds, chromophores are reoriented in the material through an external electric field, from an Nd: YAG laser, emitting with a wavelength of 532.8nm Based on an absorption spectrum on an azopolímero samples was determined that the wavelength at which the phenomenon is given. Measurements were obtained for samples birefringence how efficient are able to observe the samples so that they can be used as raw material for optical storage devices. Varying the excitation laser power (Nd: YAG) were observed variations in signal strength, making observe a maximum saturation power chromophores which are reoriented in the sample. Also analyzed the theoretical models of photo-molecular orientation, and succeeded in identifying which of them corresponds to the results and establishing the characteristic times appearing in each for Hema-DR13