37 research outputs found
PRISM (Program of Resources, Information and Support for Mothers): a community-randomised trial to reduce depression and improve women's physical health six months after birth [ISRCTN03464021]
BACKGROUND: In the year after birth one in six women has a depressive illness, 94% experience at least one major health problem (e.g. back pain, perineal pain, mastitis, urinary or faecal incontinence), 26% experience sexual problems and almost 20% have relationship problems with partners. Women with depression report less practical and emotional support from partners, less social support, more negative life events, and poorer physical health and see factors contributing to depression as lack of support, isolation, exhaustion and physical health problems. Fewer than one in three seek help in primary care despite frequent health care contacts. METHODS: Primary care and community-based strategies embedded in existing services were implemented in a cluster-randomised trial involving 16 rural and metropolitan communities, pair-matched, within the State of Victoria, Australia. Intervention areas were also provided with a community development officer for two years. The primary aim was to reduce the relative risk of depression by 20% in mothers six months after birth and to improve their physical health. Primary outcomes were obtained by postal questionnaires. The analysis was by intention-to-treat, unmatched, adjusting for the correlated nature of the data. RESULTS: 6,248 of 10,144 women (61.6%) in the intervention arm and 5057/ 8,411 (60.1%) in the comparison arm responded at six months, and there was no imbalance in major covariates between the two arms. Women's mental health scores were not significantly different in the intervention arm and the comparison arm (MCS mean score 45.98 and 46.30, mean EPDS score 6.91 and 6.82, EPDS ≥ 13 ('probable depression') 15.7% vs. 14.9%, Odds ratio(adj )1.06 (95%CI 0.91–1.24). Women's physical health scores were not significantly different in intervention and comparison arms (PCS mean scores 52.86 and 52.88). CONCLUSION: The combined community and primary care interventions were not effective in reducing depression, or in improving the physical health of mothers six months after birth
Perspectives of Deuteron Field-Cycling NMR Relaxometry for Probing Molecular Dynamics in Soft Matter
Fluxing of mantle carbon as a physical agent for metallogenic fertilization of the crust
Magmatic systems play a crucial role in enriching the crust with volatiles and elements that
reside primarily within the Earth’s mantle, including economically important metals like nickel,
copper and platinum-group elements. However, transport of these metals within silicate
magmas primarily occurs within dense sulfide liquids, which tend to coalesce, settle and not
be efficiently transported in ascending magmas. Here we show textural observations, backed
up with carbon and oxygen isotope data, which indicate an intimate association between
mantle-derived carbonates and sulfides in some mafic-ultramafic magmatic systems
emplaced at the base of the continental crust. We propose that carbon, as a buoyant
supercritical CO2 fluid, might be a covert agent aiding and promoting the physical transport of
sulfides across the mantle-crust transition. This may be a common but cryptic mechanism
that facilitates cycling of volatiles and metals from the mantle to the lower-to-mid continental
crust, which leaves little footprint behind by the time magmas reach the Earth’s surface.NERC Minerals Security of Supply (SOS)
NE/M010848/1Australian Research Council
CE11E0070Consolidated Nickel MinesUniversity of Leiceste