Weak and monthly variable self-recruitment in the coral reef damselfish Dascyllus aruanus in New Caledonia

International audienc

Comparative patterns of connectivity among the different lineages of the giant clam Tridacna maxima found over the Indo-Pacific

International audienc

Comparative patterns of connectivity among the different lineages of the giant clam Tridacna maxima found over the Indo-Pacific

International audienc

Comparative patterns of connectivity among the different lineages of the giant clam Tridacna maxima found over the Indo-Pacific

International audienc

Phylogeography of Noah's giant clam

Noah's giant clam (Tridacna noae), recently resurrected from synonymy with T. maxima, occurs from Christmas Island to the Northern Line Islands and from the Ryukyu Islands to New Caledonia. We used mitochondrial and microsatellite markers to investigate the phylogeographic structure and demographic history of T. noae over most of its geographical range. Results from the two types of markers reveal a consistent population structure, partitioning T. noae into three distinct lineages: (1) eastern half of the Indo-Malay archipelago and Western Australia, (2) Melanesia and Micronesia, and (3) Central Polynesia. Demographic expansion initiated between 300,000 and 400,000years ago, as was detected for each haplogroup. This pattern, which is congruent with other co-occurring Tridacna species, indicates a shared evolutionary history with expansion from past refuges following late-Pleistocene sea-level changes

Stockage des bois par aspersion : aspects réglementaires, techniques et économiques

[Notes_IRSTEA]disquette [Departement_IRSTEA]EEE [TR1_IRSTEA]22 - IRRISAGE / IRRIPERFAfter the storms that occurred in France in December 99, the amount of windthrown wood was estimated at 138 millions of m3 (accounting for 3 harvesting years in France). Various means were used in order to face with this huge incoming wood amounts before wood gets degrade. Harvesting means and rate of sawmills productions were increased, sawings were stored, round logs were exported and logs were stored under water sprinklers. The aim of this document is to describe in concrete terms the storage of logs under water sprinklers. The first part screens the different storage methods (storage in the forest, at road side, under low oxygen atmosphere, underwater laying, under water sprinklers) and take stock for each method of the expected wood quality. In the second part, the storage under water sprinklers is then specifically approached and developed through technical and regulations aspects whose knowledge is essential to set up a storage place. The technical study of the storage (size of the water sprinkler system, ducts kinds, logs layout) is also approached through four concrete examples. In the end of the document, a calculation methods of the storage costs and profitability analysis is presented. Spreadsheets files are available on the enclosed floppydisk.Suite aux tempêtes de décembre 1999 en France, le volume de bois renversé, toutes essences confondues, peut-être estimé à 138 millions de m3, représentant plus de 3 années de récolte. Plusieurs moyens ont été mis en oeuvre pour faire face à cet afflux massif de bois avant sa dégradation : augmentation des moyens d'exploitation, accélération des cadences des scieries, stockage de sciage, exportation de bois et stockage de grumes sous aspersion. Ce document a pour objectif de répondre concrètement aux questions des opérateurs souhaitant stocker du bois. Les différentes techniques de conservation des bois (conservation en l'état sur coupe, bord de route, sous atmosphère pauvre en oxygène, par immersion et par aspersion) sont évoquées, l'évolution prévisible de la qualité du bois stocké pour chacune de ces techniques est aussi analysée. L'aspect du stockage par aspersion est spécifiquement abordé au travers des aspects réglementaires et techniques dont la connaissance est indispensable à sa mise en oeuvre. L'étude technique du stockage (dimmensionnement du circuit, type de buse à utiliser, disposition des bois) est ensuite développée au travers de quatre exemples concrets. Enfin, une méthode de calcul des coûts du stockage et d'analyse de sa rentabilité est présentée. Son utilisation est facilitée par la présence de feuilles de calcul au format tableur disponibles sur une disquette jointe

Cryptic species and phylogeography among Red Sea and Western Indian Ocean giant clams

International audienc

Cryptic species and phylogeography among Red Sea and Western Indian Ocean giant clams

International audienc

Genetic evidence for a role of IL33 in nasal polyposis.

Background: Little is known about the genetic factors that contribute to nasal polyposis (NP). A genome-wide association study identified 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with eosinophilia. As eosinophils play a key role in the pathogenesis of NP, we assessed if any of these SNPs contribute to genetic susceptibility of NP. Methods: We recruited 284 patients with NP in four participating hospitals in Belgium and 427 healthy controls, and genotyped 10 SNPs affecting eosinophilia (rs1420101 in IL1RL1, rs12619285 in IKZF2, rs4431128 in GATA2, rs4143832 in IL5, rs3184504 in SH2B3, rs2416257 in WDR36, rs2269426 in MHC, rs9494145 in MYB, rs748065 in GFRA2, and rs3939286 in IL33) using MALDI-TOF. A two-stage design was used while correcting for multiple testing. Results: First stage analysis, involving 150 NP patients and 250 controls, identified rs3939286 nearby IL33 as a susceptibility factor for NP. Per at-risk A-allele, rs3939286 increased the risk for NP with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.60 (95% CI = 1.16-2.22; P = 0.0041). Second stage replication analysis in another 123 NP patients and 165 controls confirmed this association (OR = 1.43; CI = 1.00-2.06; P = 0.046). The combined analysis of both stages revealed an OR of 1.53 (CI = 1.21-1.96; P = 0.00041). Given the association of IL33 with NP, we also investigated rs1420101 in IL1RL1, which is the receptor for IL33. Although rs1420101 itself failed to associate with NP, a combined risk assessment of rs3939286 and rs1420101 further increased the risk for NP. Conclusion: We provide unprecedented genetic evidence suggesting a role for the IL33 pathway in the pathogenesis of NP