Managing academic personnel flow at universities.

Universities experience increasing difficulty in staffing their academic positions. Attracting and retaining highly qualified employees in a general problem that has received much attention in recent HRM literature. But several authors have claimed that the academic career has lost much of its attractiveness. This paper presents seven levers that universities may use to enhance their recruitment and retention power on a difficult job market. Suggestions are based on experience from innovative organizations, both universities and business organizations. Special attention is given to the creation of multiple and flexible career paths within academia. We contend that a successful application of these suggestions will require major cultural and institutional change at universities.Retention; Market;

Magnetic and luminescent coordination networks based on imidazolium salts and lanthanides for sensitive ratiometric thermometry

The synthesis and characterization of six new lanthanide networks [Ln(L)(ox)(H2O)] with Ln = Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+ , Dy3+ , Ho3+ and Yb3+ is reported. They were synthesized by solvo-ionothermal reaction of lanthanide nitrate Ln(NO3)(3)center dot xH(2)O with the 1,3-bis(carboxymethyl)imidazolium [HE] ligand and oxalic acid (H(2)ox) in a water/ethanol solution. The crystal structure of these compounds has been solved on single crystals and the magnetic and luminescent properties have been investigated relying on intrinsic properties of the lanthanide ions. The synthetic strategy has been extended to mixed lanthanide networks leading to four isostructural networks of formula [Tb1-xEux(L)(ox)(H2O)] with x = 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.10. These materials were assessed as luminescent ratiometric thermometers based on the emission intensities of ligand, Tb3+ and Eu3+ . The best sensitivities were obtained using the ratio between the emission intensities of Eu3+ (D-5(0) -> F-7(2) transition) and of the ligand as the thermometric parameter. [Tb0.97Eu0.03 (L)(ox)(H2O)] was found to be one of the best thermometers among lanthanide-bearing coordination polymers and metal-organic frameworks, operative in the physiological range with a maximum sensitivity of 1.38%.K-1 at 340 K

Managing academic personnel flow at universities

Universities experience increasing difficulty in staffing their academic positions. Attracting and retaining highly qualified employees in a general problem that has received much attention in recent HRM literature. But several authors have claimed that the academic career has lost much of its attractiveness. This paper presents seven levers that universities may use to enhance their recruitment and retention power on a difficult job market. Suggestions are based on experience from innovative organizations, both universities and business organizations. Special attention is given to the creation of multiple and flexible career paths within academia. We contend that a successful application of these suggestions will require major cultural and institutional change at universities.status: publishe

Optical nonlinearities of Gallium Nitride

Luminescence, induced absorption and degenerate four-wave mixing experiments are perform on GaN epilayers grown on a sapphire substrate by MOCVD.We measure the nonlinear behavior of the luminescence spectra near the excitonic resonance, by using an excitation at 4.026 eV from an excimer laser. At low intensities of excitation, spectra show a saturation of the I2 line due to the finite donor density in the sample. Higher intensities of excitation induce collision processes between photo-created quasi-particles.Using a dye laser as a pump beam, we measure the induced variation of absorption of a probe beam as a function of the intensity and of the wavelength of the excitation. With increasing intensities of the pump beam, transmission spectra show a red-shift of the absorption edge and of the excitonic resonance.Pulsed degenerate four-wave mixing experiments were performed using the third harmonic of a picosecond Nd-YAG laser at 3.492 eV. A characteristic time constant of 16 ps has been measured, which is independent of the temperature, spacing of the interference fringe and of the intensity of the pump beams.</jats:p

Prédiction d'une carte de rendement d'une culture de blé en utilisant des données radiométriques après floraison

[Departement_IRSTEA]GEAPA [TR1_IRSTEA]41 - PRECITECH / COPAINBecause yield maps provide only synthetic information on the whole crop cycle, it appears necessary to supplement them with more analytical tools enabling to explain the spatial variations in measured yield and to make diagnosis. Here we tested two candidate methods: simulation modelling and radiometric mapping of green leaf area index (GLAI) after anthesis, on a 15-ha wheat-cropped field with marked soil and topographic heterogeneity under a temperate climate. When aggregated over the major soil units within the field, GLAI maps and modelling could mimic their overall effects on yield. However, they both were poor predictor of short-range (10 m) yield variability, even when the model was forced with GLAI data. Possible reasons include sampling and spatial joint biases, and that GLAI should be taken several times during grain filling.Parce que les cartes de rendement fournissent seulement des informations synthétiques sur le cycle complet de la culture, il apparaît nécessaire de les compléter avec plus d'outils analytiques permettant d'expliquer les variations spatiales des rendements mesurés et de faire un diagnostique. Ici nous avons testés deux méthodes possibles : simulation modélisation et cartographie radiométrique du niveau de l'indice foliaire (GLAI) après floraison, sur une parcelle de 15 ha cultivée en blé avec un sol marqué et une hétérogénéité topographique sous un climat tempéré.Associés sur les principales unités de sol dans la parcelle, les cartes du niveau de l'indice foliaire (GLAI) et la modélisation ont pu simuler leur effets combinés sur le rendement. Cependant, les deux étaient des indicateurs limités pour la petite échelle de variabilité du rendement (10 m), même quand le modèle était ré-initialisé avec les données de l'indice foliaire mesuré (GLAI) après floraison. Les raisons possibles incluent l'échantillonnage et les biais d'intersection spatiales, aussi l'indice foliaire (GLAI) devrait être pris plusieurs fois durant le remplissage du grain