Cendawan Penyebab Abortus Dalam Alat Reproduksi Sapi Betina [Fungi Causing Abortion in Reproductive Track of Cow]

The study on cases of abortion in cow caused by fungi have never been reported so far in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to get prevalence of cows have not and have aborted, both have reproductive disorder, and health cattles associated with percentage of fungi isolated.The study included both field survey and laboratory examination of samples. The samples of vaginal fluid were collected by using cotton swabs in cow which had suffered abortion or cow had repeated breeding, as well as freeze dried semen for artificial insemination (AI), and also examining the occurrence of abortion in cattle. The samples were collected in Sukabumi and Bandung, and then cultured in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar by stretch method, followed by incubation at 37oC. Number of samples collected consisted of 56 samples of cattle which had suffered from abortion and cow that had reproductive problems; 38 samples as control; five samples of freeze dried semen. There were no cases of abortion observed when field survey was conducted, therefore organ samples were not available for pathological and histophathological examination. Further examination on growth rate of yeast showed 20% of yeast presented in cows with abortion, 17% in cows with reproductive problem and 14% in normal cattle. On the other hand,there were samples that did not show any growth of yeast recorded f rom cows with abortion (15%)cattle with reproductive problem (7%) and normal cows (27%). Meanwhile, only twowith 2 yeast growth observed in semen samples. It was concluded that samples from cattles with reproductive problems (with and without aborted experiences) showed higher number of growth of yeasts compared with normal cow (P0,05)

Kaempferia galanga L.Zingiberaceae

Alpinia sessilis J. Koenig; Kaempferia humilis Salisb.; Kaempferia latifolia Donn ex Hornem.; Kaempferia plantaginifolia Salisb.; Kaempferia procumbens Noronha; Kaempferia rotunda Blanco (POWO 2019

UJI DAYA HAMBAT DAUN SENGGANI (Melastoma Malabathricum L.) TERHADAP Trichophyton Mentagrophytees DAN Candida Albicans [ Inhibition Potential of Melastoma Malabathricum L.) Leaves Against Trichophyton Mentagrophytees and Candida Albicans]

The in vitro study of" inhibition effect of senggani leaves (Melastoma malabathricum L.) ethanol extract on Trichophyton mentagrophytees and Candida albicans was conducted by diffusion and dilution method. The extract was diluted into 5%, 10%,15% and 20% for diffusion test, and 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% for dilution test on T. mentagrophytees, and 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% on C. albicans. The results showed that the extract inhibited fungal growth. Agar diffusion test (agar wheel) was observed by diameter of inhibition zone around the wheel. At 20% extract dilution, the diameter mean was estimated 30 mm on T. mentagrophytees, and 21 mm on C. albicans. In dilution test, the result showed Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of the extract was 3% on T. mentagrophytees, and 6% on C. albicans. It is concluded that the extract effect of inhibition on T. mentagrophytees is greater than that on C. albicans

5. Important Mycotic Diseases in Animal Livestock Caused by Some Agriculture Fungi in Indonesia

One of contribution for Indonesian state from Agriculture sector is livestock animals. This livestock animals in Indonesia is divided to large and small ruminant, poultry, and other commercial animals. All these animals can be infected by some agriculture fungi which causes mycosis. The disease cause economic loss by morbidity and mortality. In chicken (poultry), aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus sp can be very important among mycotic diseases. In ruminant ringworm (dermatofitosis) caused by dermatofit fungi which infected skin, and mastitis caused by fungi in Dairy cattle causes decrease milk production. Histoplasmosis caused by fungi such as Histoplasma farciminosum is called Selakarang, infect horse. This paper discribes these mycotic diseases and control and to give more information of fungal disease caused by some agriculture fungi