3,419 research outputs found
Learning Agility: In Search of Conceptual Clarity and Theoretical Grounding
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92376/1/j.1754-9434.2012.01444.x.pd
RETROCAM: A Versatile Optical Imager for Synoptic Studies
We present RETROCAM, an auxiliary CCD camera that can be rapidly inserted
into the optical beam of the MDM 2.4m telescope. The speed and ease of
reconfiguring the telescope to use the imager and a straightforward user
interface permit the camera to be used during the course of other observing
programs. This in turn encourages RETROCAM's use for a variety of monitoring
projects.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, Accepted by A
Learning Agility: Many Questions, a Few Answers, and a Path Forward
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92383/1/j.1754-9434.2012.01465.x.pd
Personality Similarity in Negotiations: Testing the Dyadic Effects of Similarity in Interpersonal Traits and the Use of Emotional Displays on Negotiation Outcomes.
We build on the small but growing literature documenting personality influences on negotiation by examining how the joint disposition of both negotiators with respect to the interpersonal traits of agreeableness and extraversion influences important negotiation processes and outcomes. Building on similarity-attraction theory, we articulate and demonstrate how being similarly high or similarly low on agreeableness and extraversion leads dyad members to express more positive emotional displays during negotiation. Moreover, because of increased positive emotional displays, we show that dyads with such compositions also tend to reach agreements faster, perceive less relationship conflict, and have more positive impressions of their negotiation partner. Interestingly, these results hold regardless of whether negotiating dyads are similar in normatively positive (i.e., similarly agreeable and similarly extraverted) or normatively negative (i.e., similarly disagreeable and similarly introverted) ways. Overall, these findings demonstrate the importance of considering the dyad\u27s personality configuration when attempting to understand the affective experience as well as the downstream outcomes of a negotiation
Illuminating the ‘Face’ of Justice: A Meta‐Analytic Examination of Leadership and Organizational Justice
A significant body of research has described effective leader behaviours and has connected these behaviours to positive employee outcomes. However, this research has yet to be systematically integrated with organizational justice research to describe how leader behaviours inform justice perceptions. Therefore, we conduct a meta‐analysis (k = 166, N = 46,034) to investigate how three types of leader behaviours (task, relational, and change) inform four dimensions of organizational justice (procedural, distributive, interpersonal, and informational) referenced to the leader and to the organization. Further, we examine the joint impact of leader behaviours and justice perceptions on social exchange quality (i.e., leader–member exchange), task performance, and job satisfaction. Our results suggest that leader behaviours differentially inform leader‐ and organization‐focused justice perceptions, and the joint effect of leader behaviours and justice perceptions offer more nuanced explanations for outcomes.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147024/1/joms12402_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147024/2/joms12402.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147024/3/joms12402-sup-0001-TableS1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147024/4/joms12402-sup-0002-TableS2.pd
MACHO 96-LMC-2: Lensing of a Binary Source in the LMC and Constraints on the Lensing Object
We present photometry and analysis of the microlensing alert MACHO 96-LMC-2.
The ~3% photometry provided by the Global Microlensing Alert Network follow--up
effort reveals a periodic modulation in the lightcurve. We attribute this to
binarity of the lensed source. Microlensing fits to a rotating binary source
magnified by a single lens converge on two minima, separated by delta chi^2 ~
1. The most significant fit X1 predicts a primary which contributes ~100% of
the light, a dark secondary, and an orbital period (T) of 9.2 days. The second
fit X2 yields a binary source with two stars of roughly equal mass and
luminosity, and T = 21.2 days.
The lensed object appears to lie on the upper LMC main sequence. We estimate
the mass of the primary component of the binary system, M ~2 M_sun. For the
preferred model X1, we explore the range of dark companions by assuming 0.1
M_sun and 1.4 M_sun objects in models X1a and X1b, respectively. We find lens
velocities projected to the LMC in these models of v^hat_X1a = 18.3 +/- 3.1
km/s and v^hat_X1b = 188 +/- 32 k/ms. In both these cases, a likelihood
analysis suggests an LMC lens is preferred over a Galactic halo lens, although
only marginally so in model X1b. We also find v^hat_X2 = 39.6 +/- 6.1 k/ms,
where the likelihood for the lens location is strongly dominated by the LMC
disk. In all cases, the lens mass is consistent with that of an M-dwarf. The
LMC self-lensing rate contributed by 96-LMC-2 is consistent with model
self-lensing rates. (Abridged)Comment: 23 pages, including 3 tables and 6 figures; Accepted for publication
in The Astrophysical Journa
The MACHO project: Microlensing Optical Depth towards the Galactic Bulge from Difference Image Analysis
We present the microlensing optical depth towards the Galactic bulge based on
the detection of 99 events found in our Difference Image Analysis (DIA) survey.
This analysis encompasses three years of data, covering ~ 17 million stars in ~
4 deg^2, to a source star baseline magnitude limit of V = 23. The DIA technique
improves the quality of photometry in crowded fields, and allows us to detect
more microlensing events with faint source stars. We find this method increases
the number of detection events by 85% compared with the standard analysis
technique. DIA light curves of the events are presented and the microlensing
fit parameters are given. The total microlensing optical depth is estimated to
be tau_(total)= 2.43^(+0.39/-0.38) x 10^(-6) averaged over 8 fields centered at
l=2.68 and b=-3.35. For the bulge component we find
tau_(bulge)=3.23^(+0.52/-0.50) x 10^(-6) assuming a 25% stellar contribution
from disk sources. These optical depths are in good agreement with the past
determinations of the MACHO Alcock et al. (1997) and OGLE Udalski et al. (1994)
groups, and are higher than predicted by contemporary Galactic models. We show
that our observed event timescale distribution is consistent with the
distribution expected from normal mass stars, if we adopt the stellar mass
function of Scalo (1986) as our lens mass function. However, we note that as
there is still disagreement about the exact form of the stellar mass function,
there is uncertainty in this conclusion. Based on our event timescale
distribution we find no evidence for the existence of a large population of
brown dwarfs in the direction of the Galactic bulge.Comment: Updated references and corrected optical depth values. tau_tot=
[2.91(+0.47/-0.45) -> 2.43^(+0.39/-0.38)] x 10^(-6) tau_bul =
[3.88(+0.63/-0.60) -> 3.23^(+0.52/-0.50)] x 10^(-6
Microlensing Neutron Stars
We investigate the chances that neutron stars act as the lense in a
gravitational microlensing event towards the galactic bulge or a spiral arm.
The observation of neutron stars by means of gravitational microlensing would
allow the estimation of neutron star masses independently of the property of
being a pulsar in a binary system. We estimate the contribution of neutron
stars to the optical depth and the lensing rate based on two different models
of the pulsar distribution in the galaxy. Since only a small fraction of all
neutron stars are pulsars, it is unlikely to find a pulsar that acts as a
microlense by chance. A position comparison of known radio pulsars with
observed microlensing candidates towards the galactic bulge and spiral arms
shows no candidate pair, which is consistent with the theoretical expectation.
To improve the probability of microlensing a pulsar, we suggest to search for
gravitational microlensing events of known nearby high proper motion pulsars.
The pulsar PSR J1932+1059 is a good candidate for an astrometric detection of
gravitational lensing.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, includes note added in proof, A&A in pres
When Can Employees Have a Family Life? The Effects of Daily Workload and Affect on Work-Family Conflict and Social Behaviors at Home
This article presents a longitudinal examination of antecedents and outcomes of work-to-family conflict. A total of 106 employees participating in an experience-sampling study were asked to respond to daily surveys both at work and at home, and their spouses were interviewed daily via telephone for a period of 2 weeks. Intraindividual analyses revealed that employees ’ perceptions of workload predicted work-to-family conflict over time, even when controlling for the number of hours spent at work. Workload also influenced affect at work, which in turn influenced affect at home. Finally, perhaps the most interesting finding in this study was that employees ’ behaviors in the family domain (reported by spouses) were predicted by the employees ’ perceptions of work-to-family conflict and their positive affect at home
Improving the Prospects for Detecting Extrasolar Planets in Gravitational Microlensing in 2002
Gravitational microlensing events of high magnification have been shown to be
promising targets for detecting extrasolar planets. However, only a few events
of high magnification have been found using conventional survey techniques.
Here we demonstrate that high magnification events can be readily found in
microlensing surveys using a strategy that combines high frequency sampling of
target fields with online difference imaging analysis. We present 10
microlensing events with peak magnifications greater than 40 that were detected
in real-time towards the Galactic Bulge during 2001 by MOA. We show that Earth
mass planets can be detected in future events such as these through intensive
follow-up observations around the event peaks. We report this result with
urgency as a similar number of such events are expected in 2002.Comment: 11 pages, 3 embedded ps figures including 2 colour, revised version
accepted by MNRA
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