Смешанная тугоухость у детей с экссудативными отитами

Catedra Otorinolaringologie, USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”, Conferinţa naţională ştiinţifico-practică în domeniul otorinolaringologiei pediatrice, 30 octombrie 2009, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaMixed hearing loss developed in 5% of the cases in a study of 36 children who suffered from otitis media with effusion. The work up included detailed anamnesis, otoscopy, pneumatic otoscopy, otomicroscopy, tympanometry, registration of the acoustic reflex, conventional audiometry and surgical findings. The effectiveness of treatment depends on the duration of the disease and the patient’s medical and personal background.Представлены результаты обследования 36 детей с экссудативными отитами, у которых при аудиологическом обследовании была обнаружена смешанная форма тугоухости. Исследование включает детальный анамнез, отоскопию, пневмоотоскопию, тимпанометрию, определение акустического рефлекса, тональную и поведенческую аудиометрию, функциональные результаты в динамике. Смешанная форма тугоухости была обнаружена у 5% детей с экссудативными отитами, находящихся под наблюдением авторов. Результаты лечения зависят от длительности заболевания и наличия сопутствующей патологии у пациента

Глухота у детей

Catedra Otorinolaringologie, USMF «Nicolae Testemiţanu», Conferinţa naţională ştiinţifico-practică în domeniul otorinolaringologiei pediatrice, 30 octombrie 2009, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaThe authors present data about children with hearing impairments which can exist at various places in the hearing chain. If located in the ear canal or in middle ear the impairment is called a conductive loss. If the condition is due to problems in the sensory cells in cochlea or in fibers of the neural pathways it is called a sensoroneural loss which is usually congenital or may be due to other prenatal or postnatal factors. For successful rehabilitation of patients with sensoroneural hearing loss the collaboration of many specialists is necessary.В работе отражены самые важные аспекты проблемы тугоухости у детей, необходимость ранней диагностики данной патологии с целью последующей реабилитации. Рассмотрены современные классификации тугоухости, этиологические факторы, механизмы развития и методы реабилитации

Combined Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (clinical effectiveness)

Catedra Medicină Internă 1, FR şi SC USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”Our study consists of 60 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were randomized into two groups I and II. Group I was treated with metotrexate in mono-therapy and group II wa treated with metotrexate in association with Wobenzym. All patients have been assessed at the beginning of study, after 6 and after 12 months. Group II has shown better results of joint indexes, activity index, functional index and a better life quality at the end of the study. Group II has also registered less cases of side effects especially severe side effects. Studiul clinic a inclus 60 pacienţi cu diagnosticul de artrită reumatoidă randomizaţi în două loturi. Lotul I a administrat metotrexat şi antiinflamatoare nesteroidiene iar lotul II a administrat terapie asociată metotrexat cu wobenzym şi antiinflamatoare nesteroidiene. Pacienţii au fost evaluaţi la iniţierea tratamentului şi ulterior la 6 şi 12 luni. În lotul cu terapie asociată dintre metotrexat şi wobenzym s-a evidenţiat o ameliorare mai sporită a indicelor articulari, indicelor de activitate a bolii, indicelor funcţionali şi îmbunătăţirea calităţii vieţii. Totodată la subiecţii din lotul II de studiu rata reacţiilor adverse a fost mult mai scăzută, fără a impune întreruperea tratamentului

Relationship between paraclinick manifestation in patients with bone renal disease

Catedra Medicină Internă Nr.1 FP SCMetabolic bone disease develops often in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Effective clinical management includes measures to control phosphorus retention and prevent hyperphosphataemia, to maintain serum calcium concentration within the normal range and to prevent excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion by the judicious use of vitamin D sterols. Hyperphosphataemia thereby contributes to the pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism and its skeletal expression, namely osteitis fibrosa, also promotes, together with calcium, the deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in soft tissues, in particular in the vessel wall and in periarticular regions, with potentially dramatic consequeces. The occurrence of such extraskeletal calcifications is favoured by age, exessive intake of calcium, phosphate (protein) and vitamin D. Soft-tissue calcium deposits are now observed with increasing frequency in uraemic patients heaving low to normal serum PTH levels, in the sitting of adinamic bon disease. Tulburările metabolismului mineral şi osos în Insuficienţa Renală Cronică (IRC) ocupă unul din locurile de frunte printre patologiile pacientului dializat. În asociere cu un şir de factori favorizanţi: vârsta, durata aflării la tratament prin hemodializă (HD), patologia de bază ce a dus la dezvoltarea IRC, hiperparatiroidismul secundar, excesul de calciu, fosfaţi (proteină), conţinutul de vitamină D, determină pronosticul maladiei şi caliatea vieţii pacienţilor (4, 5). Toate aceste schimbări provoacă depunerea de cristale de pirofosfat de calciu în ţesuturile moi şi calcificare a pereţilor arteriolelor la pacienţii cu IRC, care în consecinţă duc la sporirea morbidităţii cardiovasculare. Unele metode de tratament al tulburărilor metabolismului fosforului şi calciului au fost reevaluate prin prizma descoperirii complicaţiilor tardive ale tratamentului de lungă durată, în efortul de a reduce şi a preântâmpina efectele nedorite posibile (6). Controlul retenţiei de fosfaţi şi prevenirea hiperfosfatemiei la pacienţii cu IRC este una din punctele strategice al managementului contemporan al dereglărilor metabolismului fosfaţilor, dar uneori insuficientă, în particular restricţiile de fosfaţi obţinută prin dietă hipoproteică (7). Boala renală osoasă (BRO) reprezintă termenul ce defineşte o multitudine de sindroame printre care sunt: osteoporoza, osteomalacia, boala renală aplastică, osteoartropatia amiloidică

Personality, personnel selection, and job performance

Job Performance: The term job performance can either refer to the objective or subjective outcomes one achieves in a specific job (e.g., the profit of a sales persons, the number of publications of a scientist, the number of successful operations of a surgeon) or to work-related activities (e.g., writing an article, conducting specific surgical acts). In the majority of research on this topic, job performance as an outcome is used. Personnel selection: Personnel selection refers to the process of selecting the best employees for specific jobs. Introduction One major application of personality research is in the area of personnel selection. The key question in this area is to which extent personality can predict how well a candidate will perform on the job he or she is applying for. Most scholars in this area acknowledge that personality has predictive validity for job performance. In line with this, personality assessment is part of the selection procedure in many organizations

Farmer attitudes and livestock disease: exploring citizenship behaviour and peer monitoring across two BVD control schemes in the UK

The eradication of BVD in the UK is technically possible but appears to be socially untenable. The following study explored farmer attitudes to BVD control schemes in relation to advice networks and information sharing, shared aims and goals, motivation and benefits of membership, notions of BVD as a priority disease and attitudes toward regulation. Two concepts from the organisational management literature framed the study: citizenship behaviour where actions of individuals support the collective good (but are not explicitly recognised as such) and peer to peer monitoring (where individuals evaluate other’s behaviour). Farmers from two BVD control schemes in the UK participated in the study: Orkney Livestock Association BVD Eradication Scheme and Norfolk and Suffolk Cattle Breeders Association BVD Eradication Scheme. In total 162 farmers participated in the research (109 in-scheme and 53 out of scheme). The findings revealed that group helping and information sharing among scheme members was low with a positive BVD status subject to social censure. Peer monitoring in the form of gossip with regard to the animal health status of other farms was high. Interestingly, farmers across both schemes supported greater regulation with regard to animal health, largely due to the mistrust of fellow farmers following voluntary disease control measures. While group cohesiveness varied across the two schemes, without continued financial inducements, longer-term sustainability is questionabl

A relational model of perceived overqualification : the moderating role of interpersonal influence on social acceptance.

Theories of perceived overqualification have tended to focus on employees’ job-related responses to account for effects on performance. We offer an alternative perspective and theorize that perceived overqualification could influence work performance through a relational mechanism. We propose that relational skills, in the form of interpersonal influence of overqualified employees, determine their tendency to experience social acceptance and, thus, engage in positive work-related behaviors. We tested this relational model across two studies using time-lagged, multisource data. In Study 1, the results indicated that for employees high on interpersonal influence, perceived overqualification was positively related to self-reported social acceptance, whereas for employees low on interpersonal influence, the relationship was negative. Social acceptance, in turn, was positively related to in-role job performance, interpersonal altruism, and team member proactivity evaluated by supervisors. In Study 2, we focused on peer-reported social acceptance and found that the indirect relationships between perceived overqualification and supervisor-reported behavioral outcomes via social acceptance were negative when interpersonal influence was low and nonsignificant when interpersonal influence was high. The implications of the general findings are discussed

Psychopathic leadership a case study of a corporate psychopath CEO

This longitudinal case study reports on a charity in the UK which gained a new CEO who was reported by two middle managers who worked in the charity, to embody (respectively) all or most of the ten characteristics within a measure of corporate psychopathy. The leadership of this CEO with a high corporate psychopathy score was reported to be so poor that the organisation was described as being one without leadership and as a lost organisation with no direction. This paper outlines the resultant characteristics of the ensuing aimlessness and lack of drive of the organisation involved. Comparisons are made to a previous CEO in the same organisation, who was reportedly an authentic, effective and transformational leader. Outcomes under the CEO with a high corporate psychopathy score were related to bullying, staff withdrawal and turnover as effective employees stayed away from and/or left the organisation. Outcomes also included a marked organisational decline in terms of revenue, employee commitment, creativity and organisational innovativeness. The paper makes a contribution to both leadership and to corporate psychopathy research as it appears to be the first reported study of a CEO with a high corporate psychopathy score

Directive versus empowering leadership: A field experiment comparing impacts on task proficiency and proactivity

Using a field experiment in the United Arab Emirates, we compared the impacts of directive and empowering leadership on customer-rated core task proficiency and proactive behaviors. Results of tests for main effects demonstrated that both directive and empowering leadership increased work unit core task proficiency, but only empowering leadership increased proactive behaviors. Examination of boundary conditions revealed that directive leadership enhanced proactive behaviors for work units that were highly satisfied with their leaders, whereas empowering leadership had stronger effects on both core task proficiency and proactive behaviors for work units that were less satisfied with their leaders. We discuss implications for both theory and practice. © Academy of Management Journal